Validity and Reliability of Sun Protection Behavior Scale among Turkish Adolescent Population

PURPOSE: The aim of this research was to adapt the Sun Protection Behavior Scale (SPBS) to Turkish and to perform validity and reliability analyses. METHODS: The scale was administered to a total of 900 adolescents, the retest to 91 adolescents. The construct validity of the scale was evaluated using exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA and CFA were applied to sample groups of 449 and 451 people, respectively. RESULTS: The Cronbach alpha coefficients for the Turkish form of the SPBS (alpha = .74) and its sunscreen (alpha = .88) and hat use (alpha = .70) subscales were found to be > or =.70 while the sun avoidance subscale was calculated to be .67. The item-total score correlation between the scale and its subscales was > or =.26 and the test-retest correlations were found to be > or =.51. The CFA results verified the 8-item, 3-factor Turkish version of the SPBS. The confirmatory factor loadings for the scale were .45-.80 for sun avoidance, .72-.93 for sunscreen use, and .66-.83 for hat use. In particular, SPBS and sunscreen use (p < .001) exhibited significantly high mean scores among girls and economically better backgrounds (p = .007, p < .001, respectively). In addition, SPBS (p = .004) and hat use (p < .001) revealed that the mean scores were significantly high in younger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: The SPBS was found to be valid and reliable and its psychometric characteristics acceptable. The scale can be used to measure the behavior of Turkish adolescent populations with respect to sun protection.

Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Children's Somatization Inventory

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Children's Somatization Inventory (CSI) in Turkish schoolchildren and adolescents. METHODS: The CSI was translated using translation and back-translation. The participants were 813 schoolchildren, adolescents and their parents (n = 453). Content and construct validity were assessed to test the validity of the CSI-24. Internal consistency reliability, interrater reliability (child-parent agreement) and test-retest reliability were assessed to test the reliability of the CSI-24. RESULTS: Psychometric analyses of the Turkish version of the CSI-24 indicate high reliability and good content and construct validity. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the CSI-24 is a useful instrument for measuring self-reported somatic complaints in Turkish schoolchildren and adolescents between the ages of 9 and 15.