RESUMO
To evaluate the effect of fibrin perihepatic packing on controlling liver hemorrhage and liver wound healing
Methods: In this animal experimental study, 20 adult male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 200-220 g, were included. Stab wound injury was created by number 15 scalpel, so that bilateral liver capsules and liver tissue were cut, and acute bleeding was accrued. The animals were divided into 2 study groups: control [with a primary gauze packing treatment] and test group [with fibrin packing treatment]. Serum alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and total serum bilirubin [TSB] levels were measured as a liver function test during the treatment period. Blood loss was calculated for estimation of hepatic hemorrhage during surgery. After four weeks, the liver wound repair was evaluated by sampling and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining [Hand E]
Results: In the test group, all of animals were alive [mortality rate=0%]. Significantly, ALT and AST levels were raised after surgery, followed by a decrease ALT [p=0.783] and AST [p=0.947] to the normal level during 4 days. Estimated blood loss was 2.89 +/- 0.73 mL [about 19.65% of estimated blood volume]. Hematocrit levels returned to the normal level [p=0.109] after 48 hours. In the control group, the mortality rate was 50% during 12h after surgery. ALT [p=0.773] and AST [p=0.853] were decreased to normal level during 6 days, and estimated blood loss was 4.98+/-0.77 mL [about 32.98% of estimated blood volume] in the remaining animals. Moreover, hematocrit levels returned to the normal level [p=0.432] after 72 hours. Estimated blood loss in the test group was significantly less than control group [p<0.001]. Total serum bilirubin levels were not significantly different from the normal level, before and after surgery in both groups. Histopathology sections from the post-hepatectomy specimens showed that the site of the previous incision was completely repaired, and a dense fibrous septum was observed in both groups
Conclusion: The fibrin dressing was effective in preventing blood loss and saving lives after a liver stab injury and major internal bleeding in the animal model of rat
RESUMO
CoQ[10] and lycopene are isoprenoid compounds with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical benefits. In this study, the effect of concomitant lycopene biosynthesis on CoQ[10] accumulation in transformed Escherichia coli DH5 alpha was studied. A lycopene production pathway including geranyl diphosphate synthase [crtE], phytoene synthase [crtB], and phytoene desaturase [crtI] from Erwinia herbicola was constructed in two CoQ[10]-producing E. coli strains. E. coli Ba and E. coli Br containing dds orthologs encoding for decaprenyl diphosphate synthase [Dds], respectively from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Rhodobacter sphaeroides were transformed by the lycopene pathway resulting in E. coli Ba-lyc and E. coli Br-lyc. The lycopene pathway in E. coli Br-lyc interestingly resulted in a significant increase in CoQ[10] production from 564 +/- 28 to 989 +/- 22 micro g /g DCW. To confirm that the improvement of CoQ[10] production in E. coli Br-lyc was due to lycopene biosynthesis and not just geranylgeranyl diphosphate formation in the lycopene pathway, crtE was only introduced into E. coli Ba and E. coli Br strains. Surprisingly, crtE expression had adverse effects on CoQ[10] production in both strains. The results shed light on the Dds-catalyzed reaction as a bottleneck controlled by precursors; and the efficiency of a parallel lycopene pathway to streamline the flow of metabolites