Phyto-anatomical and chemical studies in Chasmanthera dependens hochst. menispermaceae

Chasmanthera dependens Hochst. is a woody liane of the dense evergreen or semi-deciduous lowland forest and riparian woodland of the drier Guinean zone. All the parts of plant are used in traditional medicine in West Africa and it is potent in curing sexually-related diseases such as gonorrhoea and other venereal discharges, soothing pains and stiffness, for treating physical or nervous disability and for dressing fractures. Keeping in view these activities, the bioactive chemical properties of the leaf and stem of the plant were screened and anatomical characters of these vegetative parts were investigated to prevent adulteration and aid [identification even when the plant specimens are in fragments]. The leaf is hypostomatic and the stomatal type is usually paracytic; the anticlinal wall pattern varied from undulate to curved and the epidermal cell lumen is filled with crystals of calcium oxalate. In the stem, the vascular bundle is bicollateral and the parenchyma cells are also impregnated with crystals of calcium oxalate. Saponins, alkaloids, and reducing sugars are present in the leaf and stem whereas anthraquinone, phlobatinnins, cardiac glycosides and cyanogenetic glycosides are absent. Similar retention factor of 0.74 obtained in thin layer chromatography confirms the presence of alkaloids in the leaf and stem of the plant

Pharmacognostic investigation of the leaf of Tapinanthes bangwensis [Engl. and K. Krause] Danser Loranthaceae

Pharmacognostic investigation of the leaf of Tapinanthus bangwensis [Engl. and K. Krause] Danser was carried out using phytochemical and anatomical methods. Polygonal epidermal cell shape, straight - curved anticlinal wall pattern, paracytic stomata and presence of the crystals of calcium oxalate in the cell lumen are characteristic of the species. Other useful identification indices include glabrous leaf, arc-like closely spaced vascular bundle in the petiole and centrally located vasculature of the midrib. The phytochemical characters like tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, reducing compounds and flavonoids are present but anthraquinones, alkaloids, phlobatannins and cyanogenetic glycosides are lacking. With these features, the plant can be identified without ambiguity and the chemical constituents underlie the potency of the plant as a plant of high medicinal value used in traditional medical practice for inhibiting the growth of bacteria, fungi and virus, and also in rectifying sexuality problems

Invasive skull base sphenoid mucocele

A mucocele is an epithelial lined mucus-containing sac completely filling a paranasal sinus and capable of expansion. Sphenoid mucoceles are unusual lesions, with about 130 cases reported until 2001. We present a case of a 56-year-old immunocompetent soldier with sphenoidal mucocele, documented by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion was excised via translabial-transsphenoidal approach and the patient recovered completely. Early diagnosis followed by microsurgical drainage of sphenoidal mucocele and prolonged antibiotic treatment is recommended

[Gastric epidermoid carcinoma]

The gastric localization of the epidermoid tumors is rare. Only 90 cases have been published since 30 years. The observation returned here is, according to us, the second of the french literature. The objective of our work is to raise the etiopathogenic particularities and diagnostic of this pathological entity. It is about a lady of 60 years, without pathological history, admitted for stimulating epigastric pain to 6 months, without hemorrhages. The physical exam was without particularity. The fibroscopic exam of oeso-gastric tractus had objectified a tumor of the stomach. The histological exam of the biopsies revealed a epidermoid carcinoma. The scanning had not shown locoregional extension. The surgical exploration found a tumor of the stomach without invasion of the neighborhood structures. A subtotal gastrectomy was achieved. The histological exam of the operative piece confirned the diagnosis of epidermoid carcinoma well differentiated. The follow up was simple

Subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma revealing a tuberous sclerosis of Bourneville

Tuberous sclerosis is a neurocutaneous disorder characterised by hamartomas of many organs including the skin, brain, eyes and kidneys. Central nervous system involvement by tuberous sclerosis includes the characteristic tubers and subependymal nodules or subependymal giant cell astrocytomas. A subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma revealing a tuberous sclerosis is uncommon and occurs in only 6% of tuberous sclerosis patients. A case of a 12-year-old child, with confirmed tuberous sclerosis, revealed by a subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma, completely removed is reported. Clinical, radiological and therapeutic findings of subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma discussed

Pathological cyst of adrenal gland

The cyst of the adrenal gland is a relatively rare pathology. It is defined as being an excrescence to content liquidien to adrenal tissues that is partially or completely destroyed. Through 3 cases collected in the service of general surgery, we report the preoperatory diagnosis difficulties in spite of the means of recent investigation. It is about three women whose middle age is of 33 years. The motive of consultation is an abdominal pain in the 3 patients. The exam is normal in 2 cases and watch an enormous abdominal mass in the third case. The diagnosis of the cyst of the adrenal is evoked in the ultrasonography and the CT scan in a case. In the two other cases, one is oriented toward a hydatid cyst of the liver and a pseudocyst of the pancreas. The hydatid serology is negative among the three patients. The surgical access is a lapartomy under left costal in two cases, and under right costal in a case. The surgical procedure consists in a left surrenalectomy in two cases and an excision of the cyst in a case. The operative follow up are simple. The pathological examination shows a pseudo-cyst in a case, and a cyst endothelial in the two other cases. The cyst of the adrenal is most often asymptomatic. Its symptomatology is bound to the compression of the neighborhood organs. The diagnosis is not always easy its treatment is essentially surgical

Cavernous haemangioma of the frontal bone

A 28-year-old female presented with a progressive right frontal mass. CT scan and plain films showed an osteolytic lesion in the right frontal bone. Surgery consisted of total resection of the lesion and cranioplasty. The postoperative source was uneventful. Histological examination revealed a cavernous haemangioma of the diploe. In view of this observation and the literature review, aetiology, clinical, radiological and therapeutic aspect of this rare entity are discussed

Reparations prothetiques des eventrations post-operatoires

The treatment of recurent post-operative eventrations or with major loss of parietal substance often justifies the use of prosthetic materiel. From 1987 to 1994; 119 from a serie of 252 post operative eventration were treated by such procedure using a prothesis type "Mersilene". The age intervall ranges from 28 to 72 years old with majority female [80%]. Benefited from this prosthetic treatment the patients who had undergone multiple surgery [65%] with large volume or complex post-operative eventration [35%]. All of them had at least one risk factor. This complication is seen predominatly after gynecology [45%] or bilairy tract surgery [34%]. Wound sepsis is present in 30% of the cases as complication of the first laparotomy which was mediane in 86%. In 60% of cases the apparition delay was less than a year. The prothesis was implanted preperitoneally. Antibioprophylaxy was systematically given. In the post-operative course, 7 wound abcess accured, 5 hematomas and 5 recurrent eventration. The others patients had a good outcome 8 months to 7 years after surgery. The authors stress the fundamental importance of peri operative carre during such intervention. The quality of results depends on it

Evaluation of endoscopy in diagnosis upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. About 840 cases

Our study concerns 840 cases of upper gastro-intestinal bleeding collected in the internal medicine department of Casablanca university hospital. The source of bleeding has been established in 92.5% of cases by fibroptic endoscopic examination of the upper gastro-intestinal tract. The most frequent lesions were: gastro-duodenal ulcer [36%], [duodenal ulcer was found in 27.6% of cases]; acute mucosal lesions of gastro-intestinal tract [26.5%]; oesophageal varices [16.9%]. The association of medications suspected to cause upper gastro-intestinal bleeding was found in 10.6% of cases. Association of lesions was also noted. In 7.5% of cases, no specific endoscopic diagnosis was made. The source of bleeding was nearly definible when the interval from the begining of bleeding to endoscopy was short

Hydatid cysts of the hepatic dome. Report of 58 cases

The periferic hydatid cysts are in general relatively simple to treat. Conservation or radical methods give in these localisation a satisfactory result. The localisation at the dome presents a high morbidity. The radical treatment should be indicated but the proximity of the hepaticocave venous confluent make this method dangerous. The hydatid cyst of the dome impose to find therapeutic alternative

Postoperative subphrenic abcess. A study of 20 cases

20 post operative subphrenic abcess are repported, 11 secondary to hepatic hydatic cyst procedures [55%], 7 secondary to biliary surgery, one after splenectomy and one after digestive fistula after gastrectomy. The value of clinical signs, radiology and echotomography is emphasized. The mortality rate [10%] is the consequence of a septic state. The prevention should include a better surgical technique and an efficient drainage after various abdominal interventions

Angiodysplasie diffuse de l'intestin grele

Diffuse angiodysplasia of the small intestine is an infrequent but not unusual disease. It, often gives a melena, which constitutes an etiological problem. Negative results of habitual investigations [endoscopy, barium transit x-ray of the small intestine] is not sufficient to absolve the intestine. Upper mesenteric arteriography is the fundamental paraclinical examination. Exploratory laparotomy, often constitutes last recourse. Extensive resection of the small intestine leaves too short bowel incompatible with life

Mortalite et morbidite du traitement conservateur du kyste hydatique du foie

In regard to 130 cases of conservative treatment. The authors report therapeutic problems in light of two parameters: mortality and morbidity it appears that peripheral liver localization can be treated by partial cystectomy, pericystectomy or pericystoresection. Such that the localization appears prejudicial. Conservative treatment leads to high morbidity. Radical treatment entails operative risks. The dome's localization poses the problem of therapeutic alternatives

propos d'un volumineux corticosurrenalome malin

A case of adrenal cortical carcinoma which evolved after 2 years, without hormonal clinical manifestations was related. The clinical manifestations, biological and therapeutic aspects are discussed towards a review of literature

Une affection curieuse: le bezoard gastrique - a propos de deux cas

Isolated cases reported in the literature underlines the rarity of this curious disease. This disease has polymorphic manifestations which misleads diagnosis. Thanks to the endoscopic examination. Its diagnosis is no longer the domaines of "exploratory laparotomy"; associated lesions [gastritis, polyps, ulcers] are frequent. The lesions disappear after treatment the bezoar alone. Clinical, investigations and psychopathogenic aspects are reported

[Arterial complication of thoracic outlet syndrom. report of a case]

The authors report a case of cervical rib with post stenotic sub clavian aneurism and acute ischemia of right upper limb with digital necrosis. Etiologic, anatomic, physiologic, clinic, radiologic, and therapeutic aspect of thoracic outlet syndrome are reviewed