Extraction and ozonation of organic pollutants in drinking waters

The continuous liquid-liquid. CLLE. and solid-phase. SPE. extraction techniques were used to study a problem of international relevance. The work was incident on the evaluation of the efficiency and optimization of extracting techniques, CLLE. SPE and CLLE+SPE, towards chlorinated pesticides and phenolic compounds from the Giza treatment plant station [Egypt], where the degree of pollution of such substances in drinking waters must be reduced. The total recoveries, using SPE ranged between 0.74 - 0.87, whereas, the values were much less using the other two methods [0.158 - 0.196]; indicating the preferrability of the SPE technique. Analytical results were obtained through the various chromatographic techniques, liquid or gas, with adequately chosen detectors. A simple mathematical algorithm has been empirically developed allowing the assessment and comparison of the efficiencies of the three extracting procedures. Futher treatment with ozone resulted in the oxidation and elimination of organic pollutants, with consequent improvement of water quality [total pesticide content 0.332-0.19 micro gL[-1]]. A useful ozone treatment unit, capable of dealing with the ozonation of contaminants in tap water, was built

Synthesis and complexing ability of 2-benzensulfonylthineyl [Furyl] glyoxal-2-arylhydrazones

The synthesis and characterization of a series of the reagent, 2-benzensulfonylthinyl [furyl] glyoxal-2-arylhydrazone used, are reported and some of their complexes with B [+3] and Be [+2] have been proposed. Spectral studies [elemental analysis, IR, [1] HNMR, UV-visible spectrometry], have been used to elucidate the stoichiometry of the above metal complexes. The application of using such ligand for determination of trace amounts of boron in soil is discussed

Spectrophotometric microdetermination of aluminum in al - hard anodizing baths using aluminum indicator at Helwan engineering industrial company [HEIC]

Due to the importance of using AI as a protective layer on the surface of parts of automobile engine; the aluminon indicator was used as a selective spectrophotometric reagent for microdetermination of AI under optimum conditions in both Al-anodizing and Al-hard coat anodizing baths in HEIC at Helwan, Cairo. The effect of pH on the spectra of the AI- aluminon complex was studied at the acidic pH range similar to that of the anodizing baths and the most suitable pH for its microdetermination was found to be 4.0 at lambda[max] = 520 nm using 0.01 M indicator. Beer's Law was obeyed in the AI concentration range of 1 to 22.5 ppm with a percent recovery of 87 to 100.5 percent. The AI determined by this spectrophotometric method was found to be, in four corners of the first bath, 1.39 to 1.51 ppm 1[-1] and in the second bath 2.57 to 2.7 ppm ml[-1]; and at three depths 1.32 to 1.4 and 2.54 to 2.59 ppm ml"1 in both baths respectively. The f- and t-tests of the spectrophotometric results in comparison with the atomic absorption data gave a confidence level of 99.0 percent. The SD values of the AI results from six replicates in both baths were found to be in the range 0.037 to 0.479. These values show the reliability and reproducibility of these results. This procedure has been applied successfully for monitoring of AI concentration in anodizing baths of automotive engine parts made from Al-alloys at HEIC factory 99 in Egypt

Potentiometric determination of persulfate in the presence of organic substances

An excellent procedure for the quantitative determination of milligram amounts of persulfate in presence and in absence of organic substances is given. Persulfate is reduced with iodide and the unreacted iodide is titrated with mercury [II] using silver amalgam as the indicator electrode. Since all organic substances are inert towards iodide, they will not interfere with the present method. Such an advantage reveals the importance of the present work, as studies of polymerization reactions depend essentially upon persulfate as an activator

Potentiometric determination of hexacyanoferrate [III] and bismuth [III] analysis of mixtures

A rapid, accurate and highly selective method has been developed for estimation of hexacyanoferrate [III] based on reduction with iodide to hexacyanoferrate [II] and Bismuth [III] based on separating it as bismuth hexacyanoferrate [III] and reduction of excess reagent with iodide. Unconsumed iodide is then titrated with mercury [II] using silver amalgam as the indicator electrode. The method is applied to the successful analysis of binary as well as ternary mixtures with a variety of metal ions