Treatment of experimental periodontal disease by laser therapy in simvastatin-modified rats

Abstract Low intensity laser can be used as a promising alternative in the treatment of periodontal disease. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjuvant treatment for scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of induced periodontitis in simvastatin-modified rats. Material and Methods A total of 180 rats were evenly divided into two groups: Veh - receiving oral administration of polyethylene glycol (vehicle); S - receiving oral administration of Simvastatin. Periodontal disease was induced in both groups at the first mandibular molar. After seven days, the ligature was removed and the animals were divided into subgroups according to the following local treatments: NT - no treatment; SRP - scaling and root planing and irrigation with saline solution; and LLLT ¬- SRP and laser irradiation (660 nm; 0.03 W; 4 J). Ten animals in each subgroup/local treatment were euthanized at 7, 15 and 30 days. Samples of gingival tissue were processed to analyze the tissue oxidative damage and radiographic analysis. Levels of oxidative stress were analyzed by the expressions of Tripeptideglutathione (TG), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Carbonylated Proteins (CP). Results The animals in S group had higher levels of TG and lower levels of MDA and CP compared with Veh group (p<0.05). Radiographically, in the intragroup analysis Veh and S, LLLT showed lower bone loss (BL) compared with NT and SRP, in all experimental periods (p<0.01). In addition, a lower BL was observed for the animals of Veh group treated with LLLT compared with treatment SRP in the S group, in all experimental periods. Conclusion Within the limits of this study, we can conclude that LLLT was effective as adjuvant treatment for SRP protecting against the occurrence of oxidative tissue damages as well as for reducing alveolar bone loss in experimentally induced periodontitis simvastatin-modified rats.

Local application of statins in the treatment of experimental periodontal disease in rats

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the local effects of statins as adjuvants for treatment by scaling and root planing (SRP) of periodontal disease induced in rats. Material and Methods Ninety rats were used in the present experiment. Periodontal disease was induced in all animals using a cotton thread placed in the left first mandibular molar. After 7 days of induction, the bandage was removed and the animals were divided into three groups: 1) NT group (n=30), no treatment; 2) SRP group (n=30): SRP and irrigation with control gel; 3) S group (n=30) - SRP and irrigation with Simvastatin. Ten animals from each group were euthanized at 7, 15 and 30 days after treatment. Gingival biopsy specimens were processed to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8). The mandibles were removed and submitted to radiographic and laboratory processing for histometric analysis. Results The S group showed a significantly lower expression of MMP-8 compared to NT and SRP groups in all experimental periods. In the radiographic and histometric analyses between the groups, S group showed a significantly lower bone loss (BL) compared to NT and SRP groups in all experimental periods. Conclusions Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that locally applied statin was effective as an adjuvant treatment for SRP in rats with induced periodontal disease.

Efeitos da Sinvastatina como coadjuvante no tratamento da doença periodontal induzida em ratos / Effects of Simvastatin as supporting in the treatment of periodontal disease induced in rats

O estudo avaliou a Sinvastatina no tratamento da doença periodontal (DP) em ratos. Trinta e seis animais foram divididos em Grupo Controle (C) que receberam oralmente soro fisiológico e Sinvastatina (S) que receberam oralmente Sinvastatina. Após 24 horas, a DP foi induzida utilizando-se um fio de algodão na região dento-gengival dos primeiros molares inferiores esquerdos. Após 7 dias, a ligadura foi removida e os animais receberam raspagem e alisamento radicular (RAR) e irrigação com soro fisiológico. Os animais foram eutanasiados aos 7, 15 e 30 dias. Radiograficamente, o tratamento com RAR mostrou uma menor perda óssea (PO) no Grupo S comparado ao C em todos os períodos. Concluiu-se que a Sinvastatina associada à RAR foi efetiva na redução da PO em ratos.

The study evaluated simvastatin in the treatment of periodontal disease (PD) in rats. 36 animals were divided into control group (C) receiving oral saline and Simvastatin (S) who received oral simvastatin. After 24 hours the PD was induced using a cotton yarn in the dento-gingival area of the first left molar. After 7 days the ligature was removed and animals received scaling and root planing (SRP) and irrigation with saline. The animals were sacrificed at 7, 15 and 30 days. Radiographically treatment with SRP showed less bone loss (BL) in the S group compared to C in all periods. It was concluded that SRP associated with simvastatin was effective in reducing the BL in rats.a

Ethanolic extract of Passiflora edulis Sims leaves inhibits protein glycation and restores the oxidative burst in diabetic rat macrophages after Candida albicans exposure

abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the ethanolic extract of Passiflora edulis leaves on blood glucose, protein glycation, NADPH oxidase activity and macrophage phagocytic capacity after Candida albicans exposure in diabetic rats. The Passiflora edulis Sims leaves were dried to 40°C, powdered, extracted by maceration in 70% ethanol, evaporated under reduced pressure and lyophilised. The biochemical tests performed were total phenolic content (TP) as determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, trapping potential DPPH assay and total iron-reducing potential. Diabetes was induced by alloxan injection. Protein glycation was determined by AGE and fructosamine serum concentrations. Extract-treated diabetic animals demonstrated lower fructosamine concentrations compared with the diabetic group. Our results suggest that ethanolic Passiflora edulis Sims leaf extraction may have beneficial effects on diabetes and may improve glycaemic control in diabetic rats.

resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do extrato etanólico de folhas de Passiflora edulis sobre os níveis de glicose sanguínea, glicação protéica, produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO) e capacidade fagocítica de macrófagos de ratos diabéticos. As folhas de Passiflora edulis Sims foram secas a 40 °C, trituradas e o extrato preparado por maceração em solução hidroetanólica 70% (v/v) etanol foi evaporado sob pressão reduzida e liofilizado. Os testes químicos realizados demonstraram que além da presença de compostos fenólicos, determinada pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteu, o extrato apresentou potencial sequestrante de radicais DPPH e redutor de ferro. Nos animais diabéticos foi observado aumento na glicação protéica, avaliada pela concentração de frutosaminas e de produtos de glicação avançada (AGE), e redução na produção de ERO por macrófagos frente à Candida albicans, quando comparados ao grupo controle. O tratamento dos animais diabéticos com o extrato reduziu as concentrações de frutosaminas e manteve a produção de ERO em níveis semelhantes aos observados no grupo controle. Nossos resultados sugerem que o extrato etanólico de folhas de Passiflora edulis Sims pode apresentar efeitos benéficos sobre o diabetes e melhorar o controle glicêmico em ratos diabéticos.

Transgenic and conventional Brazilian soybeans don't cause or prevent preneoplastic colon lesions or oxidative stress in a 90-day in vivo study / Sojas transgênicas e convencionais brasileiras não causam ou previnem lesões pré-neoplásicas ou stress oxidativo em estudo in vivo de 90 dias

OBJECTIVE: The study presents the results of a 90-day safety assessment of rats fed with four varieties of soybeans, BRS 245 RR and BRS Valiosa RR (transgenic), BRS 133 and MG BR46 Conquista (non-transgenic). METHODS: Diets were prepared by incorporating toasted soybean flour to a commercial diet at 1%, 10% or 20% weight In the in vivo experimental the rats' body weight, body weight gain, food consumption, number of aberrant crypt foci, oxidative stress biomarkers, urea and creatinine levels were analyzed and compared between experimental groups, as well as histopathological observations (digestive tract, liver, kidneys). RESULTS: The results indicate that glyphosate-tolerant soy varieties neither induce nor prevent aberrant crypt foci induction, nor do their conventional counterparts. Similarly, none of the four soybean varieties tested induced changes in the digestive tract, liver or kidney. Serum biochemical parameters were also unchanged. CONCLUSION: The consumption of both, conventional and transgenic soybeans, were insufficient to ameliorate dimethylhydrazine-induced oxidative stress.

OBJETIVO: Este estudo apresenta os resultados de um experimento de 90 dias com o objetivo de avaliar a segurança de quatro variedades de grãos de soja: BRS 245 RR e BRS Valiosa RR (transgênicas), BRS 133 e MG BR46 Conquista (não transgênicas). MÉTODOS: As dietas foram preparadas incorporando farinha de grãos de soja à dieta comercial (FRI-LAB Ratos II) a 1%, 10% ou 20% m/m. O peso corpóreo dos animais, o ganho de peso, o consumo de dieta, o número de focos de criptas aberrantes e os níveis de marcadores de estresse oxidativo, de creatinina e de ureia foram comparados entre os grupos experimentais, assim como as observações histopatológicas (trato digestivo, fígado e rins). RESULTADOS: Os resultados indicaram que as variantes glifosato-tolerantes não induziram ou preveniram a indução de focos de criptas aberrantes, assim como suas parentais convencionais. Similarmente, nenhuma das quatro variedades de grãos de soja testadas induziu alterações no trato digestivo, no fígado e nos rins. Os parâmetros bioquímicos do soro permaneceram também inalterados. CONCLUSÃO: Tanto o consumo de grãos de soja convencionais quanto o de transgênicos foram ineficazes para melhorar os níveis de estresse oxidativo induzidos pela dimetilhidrazina.

Estudo do processo de S-glutationação protéica no ®BURST¼ respiratório de leucócitos: modulação pela lactona sesquiterpênica licnofolido / Process of protein S-glutathionylation study on the respiratory burst of leukocytes: sesquiterpene lactone lychnopholide modulation

Foi estudado o efeito da lactona sesquiterpênica licnofolido sobre o ®burst¼ respiratório de leucócitos polimorfonucleares inflamatórios (PMN) estimulados por forbol (PMA), pelo peptídeo quimiotático fMLP ou zimozan opsonizado (OZ). O licnofolido inibiu de forma dose-dependente a liberação de `O IND. 2 POT. PONTO -´ pelos PMN, sem alteração do período ®lag¼ do complexo NADPH oxidase. O efeito foi mais acentuado quando os PMN foram estimulados diretamente pela via de proteína quinase C. A adição de ditiotreitol ou glutationa reduzida (GSH) às suspensões celulares antes da incubação com licnofolido preveniu parcialmente o efeito inibitório. O tratamento dos PMN com a lactona determinou uma queda drástica dos níveis celulares de GSH livre, sem incremento de glutationa oxidada (GSSG)...