Evaluation of prostate - related complaints by transrectal ultrasonography, digital rectal examination and prostatic specific antigen

120 male patients with mean age of 55.1 +/- 8.1 years [40 - 78 years] presented with symptoms of prostatism. Symptoms were quantified using the American Urological Association [A.U.A] symptom score. They were subjected to digital rectal examination [D. R. E], prostates specific antigen estimation [P. S. A] transrectal ultrasound [TRUS] and biopsy was obtained from suspicious lesions by the biopsy gun and examined for histopathology. The results were analysed statistically. The results showed three groups of echopattern, isoechoic [46.2%]: hyperechoic [6.7%] and hypoechoic [29.1]. DRE suspected 6 lesions to be malignant. All proved to be hypoechoic by TRUS and confirmed malignant histologically. Of all the hypoechoic lesions biopsy, 8 patients including the six patients suspected by DRE had prostatic carcinoma. Sensitivity of DRE in detection of prostatic carcinoma was 75%, PSA [100%] and TRUS [100%] Specificity reached 93.3% in DRE but decreased to 87.5% using PSA and 70.8% by TRUs

Histopathology of the bilharzial ureterovesical junction

Serial transverse, oblique and sagittal sections of the ureterovesical junction of fifty bilharzial bladders were studied. The submucosal part of the ureter showed the heaviest ovideposition mainly the periureteral tissue; the intramural part is second in severity ovideposition is mainly in the wall proper, the extravesical part is least affected and mainly the periureteral tissues. The possible clinical application was discussed

random study of a hundred consecutive cases of chronic bilharzial patients with special reference to refluxing ureters

A hundred consecutive bilharzial patients with urinary symptoms were investigated; blood chemistry intravenous pyelography, ascending cystography and endoscopic examination.The incidence of ureteric reflux is 21%. The possible etiology of ureteric reflux in chronic bilharzial patients was discussed

Treatment of eneuresis in children with desmopressin [DDAVP]

The effectiveness of internasal instillation of the vasopressin analogue desmopressin [DDAVP] on the management of nocturnal enuresis was evaluated. Seventy-five children with primary enuresis were treated with desmopressin and thirty children were treated by placebo [same administration route using normal saline] serving as controls. The drug proved to be safe, more effective in older children and children who did not have enuresis every night. High doses [20 meg] gave better results than small doses [10 meg]