Consideration on implementation of co-administration of Seasonal Influenza and COVID-19 vaccines during pandemic in China / 中华预防医学杂志

Influenza is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the influenza viruses. Older people, infants and people with underlying medical conditions could have a higher risk of severe influenza symptoms and complications. The co-infection of Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) with influenza viruses could lead to the complication of prevention, diagnosis, control, treatment, and recovery of COVID-19. Influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine overlapped in target populations, vaccination time, and inoculation units. Although there was insufficient evidence on the immunogenicity and safety of co-administration of influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine, World Health Organization and some countries recommended co-administration of inactivated influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine. This review summarized domestic and international vaccination policies and research progress, and put forward corresponding suggestions in order to provide scientific support for the formulation of vaccination strategy on seasonal influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine.

Serum Ferritin and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Cross-sectional Studies / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#This study aims to assess the dose-response relationship between serum ferritin (SF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the two sexes.@*Methods@#We searched for articles on PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and the Web of Science databases that were published from 1950 to 2020. The summary odds ratio ( @*Results@#This study included 14 studies and 74,710 samples. The results of the classical meta-analysis showed that SF was positively associated with MetS ( @*Conclusions@#Our study shows that SF is significantly and positively associated with MetS, and the risk in the male population is higher than that in the female population. This finding also supports the recommendation of using SF as an early warning marker of MetS.

Highly sensitive serological approaches for Pepino mosaic virus detection / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) causes severe disease in tomato and other Solanaceous crops around globe. To effectively study and manage this viral disease, researchers need new, sensitive, and high-throughput approaches for viral detection. In this study, we purified PepMV particles from the infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants and used virions to immunize BALB/c mice to prepare hybridomas secreting anti-PepMV monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). A panel of highly specific and sensitive murine mAbs (15B2, 8H6, 23D11, 20D9, 3A6, and 8E3) could be produced through cell fusion, antibody selection, and cell cloning. Using the mAbs as the detection antibodies, we established double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), Dot-ELISA, and Tissue print-ELISA for detecting PepMV infection in tomato plants. Resulting data on sensitivity analysis assays showed that both DAS-ELISA and Dot-ELISA can efficiently monitor the virus in PepMV-infected tissue crude extracts when diluted at 1:1 310 720 and 1:20 480 (weight/volume ratio (w/v), g/mL), respectively. Among the three methods developed, the Tissue print-ELISA was found to be the most practical detection technique. Survey results from field samples by the established serological approaches were verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and DNA sequencing, demonstrating all three serological methods are reliable and effective for monitoring PepMV. Anti-PepMV mAbs and the newly developed DAS-ELISA, Dot-ELISA, and Tissue print-ELISA can benefit PepMV detection and field epidemiological study, and management of this viral disease, which is already widespread in tomato plants in Yunnan Province of China.

A feasibility study of three-dimensional ultrasonography in assessing the carotid plaque vulnerability / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To investigate the feasibility and reliability of three-dimensional ultrasound in evaluating carotid artery vulnerable plaques with the method of prospective plaque scoring.Methods From February 2016 to March 2017,41 patients who performed carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in the department of neurosurgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were scheduled for conventional cervical vascular ultrasonography,three-dimensional ultrasonography (3D-US),CT angiography (CTA),CT perfusion imaging (CTP) and / or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examinations before surgery.On pathology,the atherosclerotic plaque morphology and HE staining findings were evaluated after surgery.The results of preoperative 3D-US were compared with the corresponding postoperative pathologic findings.Each plaque was scored based on the plaque morphology,homogeneity,echo characteristics and degree of vascular stenosis in 3D-US.According to the pathological results,the plaques were divided into vulnerable plaque group (n=35) and stable plaque group (n=10).The plaque score difference between groups was compared using independent sample t test.Patients were classified into ischemic stroke group (n=27) and non-ischemic stroke group (n=14) according to whether ischemic stroke symptoms occurred during the last 6 months.Pearson x2 test was used to analyze the correlation between ischemic events and the vulnerable plaques.Results Plaque scores were significantly different between vulnerable plaque group and stable plaque group (5.3 ±0.2 vs 3.4±0.3,t=5.339,P ＜ 0.05).The accuracy of identifying vulnerable plaque by plaque score is high,while the area under the ROC curve is 0.907 with a cutoff 4.5 (the maximum Youden index is 0.671,the sensitivity is 77％,the specificity is 90％).There is a significant positive correlation between the occurrence of ischemic events and plaque vulnerability (r=0.858,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 3D-US can accurately and quantitatively assess vulnerability of carotid plaques,carotid artery vulnerable plaque was significantly associated with ischemic stroke,which can provide the basis for clinical individualized treatment.

Correlation between the vulnerability of carotid plaque and ischemic stroke / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To analysis the correlation between the vulnerability of carotid plaque and ischemic stroke and to explore the clinical significance of assessing vulnerable plaques accurately.Methods A total of 64 patients,who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from October 2014 to February 2016,were classified into ischemic and non-ischemic stroke group according to whether ischemic stroke symptoms occurred during the last 6 months before surgery.To judge the stable and vulnerable plaques,the patients underwent carotid doppler ultrasonography (CDU) before surgery,and the carotid plaques were evaluated with HE staining after CEA.We also analyzed the risk factors of plaque formation and the relevance between the plaque characteristic and ischemic stroke with chi-square test.Kappa test were used to analyze the consistency of CDU and pathology.Results Of the 44 cases in ischemic stroke group,CDU identified 81.8％ (36/44) vulnerable plaques and 18.2％ (8/44) stable plaques,while pathology confirmed 86.4％ (38/44) vulnerable plaques and 13.6％ (6/44) stable plaques.Of the 20 cases in non-ischemic stroke group,CDU identified 35％ (7/20) vulnerable plaques and 65％ (13/20) stable plaques,while pathology confirmed 40％ (8/20) vulnerable plaques and 60％ (12/20) stable plaques.In both CDU and pathology,vulnerable plaques in ischemic stroke group were obviously higher than that in non-ischemia group (x2=13.67,P ＜ 0.001;x2=14.62,P ＜ 0.001).The results of CDU agreed well to that of pathology results (Kappa=0.669,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The vulnerability of plaques were closely related to the ischemic stroke.CDU is a reliable examination method to identify vulnerable plaques.The accurate assessment of vulnerability of plaques has a great significance in preventing ischemic stroke.

Research advance of cognitive reserve in brain aging / 医疗卫生装备

The current proxy indicators and quantitative strategy were summarized for cognitive reserve,the findings of cognitive reserve was discussed then in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease,and some future research directions were presented about cognitive reserve.The reserve of brain explains the disjunction between clinical symptoms and the degree of brain damage,whereby some people can tolerate more of age-related or Alzheimer's disease pathology than others and maintain brain function.The cognitive reserve hypothesis has been widely used in epidemiological and neuroimaging studies,but it lacks a unified quantitative indicator.The future research of cognitive reserve should be focused on the development of quantitative indicators that cover a variety of potential factors dynamically.

Application of deep learning to mild cognitive impairment conversion and classification / 医疗卫生装备

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of dementia.Predicting MCI's conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) plays critical roles in preventing the progression of AD.Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) was introduced briefly,which was a widely used neuroimaging database for the study on AD related diseases,and the application of machine learning algorithm was reviewed in MCI classification.Deep learning network,which transforms the original data into a higher level and more abstract expression,has shown great promise in MCI conversion and classification.Two main kinds of deep learning approaches were described,including supervised learning and unsupervised learning,and their new application was discussed in MCI conversion and classification based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI).Finally,the current limitations and future trends of deep learning in this area were explored.

Research advance of cognitive reserve in brain aging / 医疗卫生装备

The current proxy indicators and quantitative strategy were summarized for cognitive reserve,the findings of cognitive reserve was discussed then in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease,and some future research directions were presented about cognitive reserve.The reserve of brain explains the disjunction between clinical symptoms and the degree of brain damage,whereby some people can tolerate more of age-related or Alzheimer's disease pathology than others and maintain brain function.The cognitive reserve hypothesis has been widely used in epidemiological and neuroimaging studies,but it lacks a unified quantitative indicator.The future research of cognitive reserve should be focused on the development of quantitative indicators that cover a variety of potential factors dynamically.

Application of deep learning to mild cognitive impairment conversion and classification / 医疗卫生装备

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of dementia.Predicting MCI's conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) plays critical roles in preventing the progression of AD.Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) was introduced briefly,which was a widely used neuroimaging database for the study on AD related diseases,and the application of machine learning algorithm was reviewed in MCI classification.Deep learning network,which transforms the original data into a higher level and more abstract expression,has shown great promise in MCI conversion and classification.Two main kinds of deep learning approaches were described,including supervised learning and unsupervised learning,and their new application was discussed in MCI conversion and classification based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI).Finally,the current limitations and future trends of deep learning in this area were explored.

Titanium plate combined with bone graft and internal fixation for calcaneal fractures:influencing factors for lateral L-shaped incision healing / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Calcaneus has its special anatomy. Moreover, it is difficult to expose the inside to the posterior side of the joint surface. Lateral calcaneal soft tissue was less. The joint surface can be clearly exposed after incision, so lateral L-shaped incision is conventionaly used in calcaneal surgery. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the suspicious factors influencing the open reduction titanium plate for calcaneal fracture and internal fixation of L-shaped wound healing during bone graft. METHODS:A total of 84 cases (94 sides) of calcaneal fractures, who were treated in the Disabled Rehabilitation Center in Liaoning Province from June 2011 to November 2014, were included in this study. They were grouped according to the source of bone graft. Alograft group contained 52 sides (44 cases). Autogenous iliac bone graft group contained 42 sides (40 cases). Operation time of calcaneus was 7-10 days after injury. L-shaped incision was made for open reduction and internal fixation with titanium plate and bone graft. The patient’s age, the type of bone graft, type of drainage and drainage time that may cause theincision complications were investigated and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Among 84 cases of 94 calcaneal fractures after operation, 16sides affected complications. (2) Significant differences in the incidence of complications were detected between negative pressure drainage and skin flap drainage (P 0.05). (5) These findings indicate that 7-10 days after injury, operation after the sweling subsided completely, the negative pressure drainage, and planting autogenous iliac crest can reduce the incidence of complications related to lateral calcaneal L-shaped incision.

Roles of Newcastle disease virus in human acute monocytic leukemia in vitro and in vivo / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Some research has shown that Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is effective in the treatment of various tumors, including transferred melanoma and well differentiated renal cell carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of NDV against human acute monocytic leukemia SHI-1 cells in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In vitro, the density and morphologic changes between wild SHI-1 cells (control) and NDV-infected SHI-1 cells were observed. MTT assay was utilized to observe the effect of NDV on the proliferation of SHI-1 cells. In vivo, the effect of NDV on the tumor inhibition was assessed using SHI-1 xenografts subcutaneously established in CD-1 nude mice. NDV was given by intra-tumor injections, and the tumor inhibition rate and toxic effects were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the control group, the SHI-1 cells were observed using an inverted microscope to be regular in morphology and intensive in distribution. In the NDV-infected group, the SHI-1 cells were irregular and sparsate, and the aggregate and fused cells were common. MTT assay showed that the proliferation of SHI-1 cells were significantly inhibited by NDV at different concentrations (P<0.01) and in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The tumor inhibition rate in the NDV group was 84.7%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). No toxic effects were observed in the nude mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NDV can suppress the proliferation of human acute monocytic leukemic cells both in vitro and in vivo. The safety of NDV is reliable.</p>

Relationship between expression of GYPC and TRIP3 genes and prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship of GYPC and TRIP3 gene expression and the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children in order to explore the molecular biological mechanisms of recurrence and remission of ALL.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-eight newly diagnosed ALL children were enrolled. Of the 38 patients, 31 achieved complete remission (CR) and 12 relapsed. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was employed to measure blood GYPC and TRIP3 gene expression. Twenty blood samples from normal children were used as controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood GYPC expression in newly diagnosed ALL children was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.01) and the CR group (p<0.01). The expression of GYPC gene in the CR group was similar to that in the control group. Other than the control group (p<0.01) and the CR group (p<0.01), the GYPC expression of the relapse group was significantly higher than that in the newly diagnosed group (p<0.01). The CR group showed lower GYPC gene expression than the nonjremission group before treatment (p<0.05). Blood expression of TRIP3 gene in the newly diagnosed and the relapse groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). The CR group had increased TRIP3 gene expression compared with the control group (p<0.01) as well as the newly diagnosed and the relapse groups (p<0.01). Of the 38 newly diagnosed ALL children, the patients with positive TRIP3 expression showed higher remission rate than those with negative TRIP3 (p<0.05). The TRIP3 gene expression before treatment in patients who achieved CR was higher than that in non-remission patients (p<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A high GYPC gene expression is associated with an unfavorable outcome, in contrast, a high TRIP3 gene expression is associated with a favorable outcome in childhood ALL.</p>

Analysis on data from the clinical acute viral encephalitis surveillance system in three prefectures in shaanxi during 2005-2006 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To describe the epidemiologieal features of viral encephalitis and burden of Japanese encephalitis (JE),and to identify potential strategies for effective JE control measures,using data from the Viral Encephalitis Surveillance Program (VESP) launched in Ankang,Baoji,and Weinan prefectures,Shaanxi province.Methods Data was gathered from sentinel hospitals reporting system on all the viral encephalitis (VE) eases identified between June 2005 and May 2007.County Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) investigated the cases,drawing blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from the hospitals,and testing IgM antibody against JE using ELISA.We used Epi Data and Excel for data entry and analysis.Results A total of 1097 VEs were reported and 1053 (96.0%) had blood or CSF samples collected and tested for IgM antibody against JE.Three hundred and eleven cases (29.5%) showed JE antibody positive (JE confirmed case).Among the JE confirmed cases,numbers of those under 15 year of age accounted for 33.7%,43.9%and 88.3%in Baoji,Weinan and Ankang prefectures respectively.The rest were mainly children aged 5-14 years old (53.3%).Toddlers,farmers and children accounted for 85.2%in JE confirmed cases.About half of other VE cases (51.0%) were students of all age.Data an investigation on 398 reported VE cases at discharge,showed that 67.1%of JE confirmed cases recovered while 83.7%of the other VE cases fully recovered.The case fatality rates were 9.2%for JE confirmed cases and 3.1%for other VE cases.578 cases were followed up at 90-days after discharge,69.6%of JE confirmed cases and 90.2%of other VE cases recovered,with case fatality rates were 13.6%and 3.6%for JE confirmed cases and for other VE cases,respectively.The sequelae rates were 10.0%for JE confirmed cases and 4.5%for other VE cases.Conclusion The peak of the VE season was the sameas that of JE.There were 45.6%of reported JE cases with negative JE IgM,suggesting that it is necessary to carry out laboratory testing for clinical diagnosis cases.The fact that high risk population was different at prefectures levels suggested that more attention be paid in JE control and prevention.

The Experiences of Carrying out Bilingual Teaching in Paediatrics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The bilingual teaching must face some innovations and reformations in the contents and methods to acquire some satisfactory outcome.The article discusses some questions of bilingual teaching in paediatrics including the shortage of teachers,the interest deficiency of students,the lack of suitable teaching materials and inferior learning environment,and then provides some useful advice for the innovations of bilingual teaching.

Single-port Laparoscopy with Modified Epidural Needle for Indirect Inguinal Hernia in Children:Report of 70 Cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic treatment with one trocar for children with indirect inguinal hernia. Methods From May 2007 to December 2008,70 children with indirect inguinal hernia underwent laparoscopic high ligation of hernia sac by using a modified epidural needle in our hospital. Among the patients,56 children aged from 6 months to 3 years,10 aged 4 to 7,and 4 aged 7 to 13. Nineteen of the children had the disease in both sides,while the other 51 had unilateral hernia. A trocar was place into the abdominal cavity through the umbilicus with a modified epidural needle to introduce 4-0 silk suture. High ligation of the hernia was then performed,and fixed on the abdominal wall. Results The operation was successfully completed in all of the cases. The operation time ranged from 5 to 15 min in unilateral cases,and 15 to 30 min in bilateral cases. Follow-up was achieved for 3 to 21 months in this series (over 12 months in 22 cases). During the period,no recurrence was found. Conclusions Laparoscopic high ligation of inguinal hernia sac with modified epidural needle is effective for children with minimal invasion and a low recurrence rate,without leaving scars at the abdomen.

Expression of Thyroid Hormone Receptor Interacting Protein 3 in Children with Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and Its Significance / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the molecular mechanism of the remission in children with acute lymphocyte leukemia(ALL),as well as the expression of thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 3(TRIP3) gene in children with ALL and explore the relationship between TRIP3 and ALL.Methods Fasting venous blood 2-4 mL was collected,anticoagulanted with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA),then perpheral blood mononuclear cells was collected by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation,total RNA was extracted by Trizol one step method.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect TRIP3 expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes in 73 ALL children of different stages and 20 normal children.The relationship between TRIR3 expression in children and ALL release was analyzed.Results 1.Expression of TRIP3 was significantly lower both after initial treatment and during recrudescence than that in normal children(Pa0.05).3.In children with ALL after initial treatment,the remission rate was significantly higher in TRIP3 positive patients than in TRIP3 negative ones(remission rate discern 25.0% vs 84.2%,P

Effects of Acute Leukemia Chemotherapy to Pituitary,Gonad,Thyroid Hormones / 实用儿科临床杂志

(0.05)).The plasma level of PRL before chemotherapy was higher than control group(P