The antitumor effect of cisplatin chemotherapy promoted by Taohong Siwu Decoction on mice with lung adenocarcinoma / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the antitumor effect of cispl-atin ( DDP) chemotherapy promoted by Taohong Siwu Decoction (TSD) on mice with lung adenocarcinoma mice. Methods Lewis lung carcinoma cell line was used to make homologous lung adenocarcinoma trans¬plantation mouse model. Normal control, Model, TSD, DDP, TSD + DDP groups were set up. The change of transplanted tumor volume after administration was observed, the weight of transplanted tumor was weighed, the expression of Ki67 in transplanted tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, TUNEL was detected by fluorescence staining, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-9 were detected by immunoblotting, and the content of D-dirtier in plasma was measured by ELISA. Results DDP plus TSD significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted tumor. Ki67 expression in tumor tissue was lower than that in DDP group (28. 3% ±3. 1% vs 40. 3% ±2.1% ). The combined use of TSD and DDP significantly promoted the apoptosis level of transplanted tumor. The positive rate of TUNEL was significantly higher than that of DDP group (41. 0% ±3.0% vs 30.7% ± 4.5%). Bax, cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-9 expressions in tumor tissue were also higher than those of DDP group, while the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly lower than that of DDP group. Moreover, we found a significant interaction between TSD and DDP on the expression of four apoptotic proteins ( P < 0.05 ) . The plasma D-dimer content in TSD + DDP group was significantly lower than that in DDP group (188. 50 ± 28. 46 vs 269.80 ± 35.92) μg • L

Motives for Empathy among Clinical Nurses in China: A Qualitative Study

Purpose@#This study aimed to explore the motives of clinical nurses for experiencing empathy with patients and their families based on a self-determination theory framework. @*Methods@#Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with twenty-one nurses at four tertiary hospitals in Anhui, China, were conducted, recorded and transcribed. A content analysis with a directed approach was performed. @*Results@#An analysis of the interview transcripts revealed three categories of empathy motivation: autonomous motivation, controlled motivation and a lack of empathy motivation. Autonomous motivation included personal interests, enjoyment and a sense of value, pure altruism, assimilation, and recognition of the importance of empathy. Controlled motivation highlighted pressures from oneself and others, the possibility of tangible or intangible rewards, and avoidance of adverse effects. Finally, a lack of empathy motivation referred to a lack of intention for empathy and denial of the value of empathy. @*Conclusion@#This study provides a deep understanding of the motives underlying empathy in nurses. The results reveal the reasons for empathy and may support the development of effective strategies to foster and promote empathy in nurses.

Motives for Empathy among Clinical Nurses in China: A Qualitative Study

Purpose@#This study aimed to explore the motives of clinical nurses for experiencing empathy with patients and their families based on a self-determination theory framework. @*Methods@#Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with twenty-one nurses at four tertiary hospitals in Anhui, China, were conducted, recorded and transcribed. A content analysis with a directed approach was performed. @*Results@#An analysis of the interview transcripts revealed three categories of empathy motivation: autonomous motivation, controlled motivation and a lack of empathy motivation. Autonomous motivation included personal interests, enjoyment and a sense of value, pure altruism, assimilation, and recognition of the importance of empathy. Controlled motivation highlighted pressures from oneself and others, the possibility of tangible or intangible rewards, and avoidance of adverse effects. Finally, a lack of empathy motivation referred to a lack of intention for empathy and denial of the value of empathy. @*Conclusion@#This study provides a deep understanding of the motives underlying empathy in nurses. The results reveal the reasons for empathy and may support the development of effective strategies to foster and promote empathy in nurses.

Effect of Taohong Siwu decoction on angiogenesis of medicine-induced incomplete-abortion in early pregnancy rats and expressions of Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Taohong Siwu decoction (THSWD) on micro-vascular density (MVD) in rat uterus, the content of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in serum, and the expression of tyrosine kinasa receptor (Tie-2) in uterus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Early pregnancy rats were intragastrically administrated with misoprostol (100 microg x kg(-1)) and mifepristong (8.3 mg x kg(-1)) to established the incomplete-abortion model. The incomplete-abortion rats were randomly divided into the model group (the same volume of distilled water), the positive control group (at the daily dose of 4.3 g x kg(-1) Motherwort Particles), and THSWD-treated groups (at the daily dose of 18.0, 9.0 and 4.5 g x kg(-1)). Pregnant rats were taken as the control group (the same volume of distilled water). After the successive oral administration for 7 days, blood was collected from aorta abdominalis, and rat uterine tissues were collected. The content of serum Ang-1 and Ang-2 were detected by ELISA; And the levels of Tie-2 and MVD in uterine tissues were detected by SP immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>THSWD remarkably increased the levels of MVD in uterus of medicine-induced abortion rats, the content of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in serum, and the expression of Tie-2 in uterine tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>THSWD has the effect in markedly promoting angiogenesis in incomplete-abortion rats. Its mechanism may be related to the regulation of concentrations of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in serum and Tie-2 in uterine tissues.</p>

Protective effect of medicated serum prepared with taohong siwu tang on hydrogen peroxide-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of medicated serum prepared with Taohong Siwu Tang on hydrogen peroxide-injured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sprague Dawley rats were orally administered with 10 mL x kg(-1) extracts from Taohong Siwu Tang (1.75 g crude drug), twice a day for three days, in order to prepare medicated serum of Taohong Siwu Tang. The effect of medicated serum pre-treated with Taohong Siwu Tang (with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%) on reduction of H2O2-induced cell activity was detected MTT. Cell morphological changes were observed under microscope. The effect of medicated serum prepared with Taohong Siwu Tang on the apoptosis and antioxidant capacity of HUVECs was detected with the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and dehydrogenase (LDH), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and AO/EB staining. The expression of Caspase-3 was determined by western blot.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the blank serum control group, cell were significantly less active after being damaged by H2O2 (400 micromol x L(-1)). Medicated serum could significantly improve the SOD activity, reduce the levels of LDH and MDA, and inhibite the expression of Caspase-3. AO/EB staining and inverted microscope also showed that medicated serum prepared with Taohong Siwu Tang could reduce cell apoptosis induced by H2O2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Medicated serum prepared with Taohong Siwu Tang has significant protective effect on HUVECs injured by H2O2.</p>

A survey on violence among primary and secondary school students in Hefei city / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the features of violence among primary and secondary school students in Hefei, and to set up intervention measures for violence prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four schools in Hefei were randomly sampled in the study. A total of 3064 students completed a questionnaire.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>16.22% of the pupils reported having suffered from violence at least once every month. The rate was higher in boys than that in girls's (chi(2) = 25.13, P = 0.000). The major assaulters were from classmates (45.80%), with hand beating (37.42%), insulting (31.21%), threatening (20.88%), and 10.49% using sticks and sharp weapons. Most violence occurred at school (46.08%), followed by at home (28.41%) and outside of schools (25.51%), with significant difference (P = 0.000). As a result, 3.33% ended up with fractures, and 0.51% with disability. 97 pupils reported having assaulted others frequently (3.21%). Being irritated (47.38%) was the major reason for the violence to occur.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Violence among primary and secondary school students in Hefei city was serious that called for targeted education be strengthened and school environment be improved.</p>