A clinical analysis of the female urethral diverticulum / 医学研究生学报

Objective Surgical treatment of the urethral diverticulum is difficult and may be followed by serious postoperative complications such as urethro-vaginal fistula. The purpose of this study is to investigate the treatment of female urethral diverticulum and its clinical effect.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 20 cases of female urethral diverticulum confirmed and treated in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2017. We obtained the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) from the patients after admission, treated them by transvaginal urethral diverticulectomy under continuous epidural anesthesia, and compared the signs and symptoms before and after operation.Results All the patients showed significantly decreased incidences of perineal discomfort, frequent micturition, urgent urination, and dysuria after operation (P<0.05). The average OABSS was remarkably lower postoperatively than the baseline (4.9±1.8 vs 8.1±2.3, P<0.05). No such postoperative complications as hematuria, urinary fistula, urethral stricture and urinary incontinence were observed in any of the patients.Conclusion Transvaginal urethral diverticulectomy is safe and effective for the treatment of female urethral diverticulum.

Saw palmetto fruit extract improves LUTS in type ⅢA prostatitis patients / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To assess the clinical efficacy of the saw palmetto fruit extract (SPFE) in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with type ⅢA prostatitis.@*METHODS@#This retrospective study included 54 cases of type ⅢA prostatitis treated in the Outpatient Department of our hospital from January to December 2015. The patients were aged 35.06 ± 5.85 years, with a mean disease course of 3.8 ± 2.1 years, and all received oral medication of SPFE Capsules at the dose of 320 mg qd for 12 weeks. We assessed the therapeutic effects by comparing the NIH-chronic prostatitis symptom indexes (NIH-CPSI), voiding diary, International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), and results of urodynamic examination before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the baseline, both NIH-CPSI and IPSS were significantly decreased after medication (27.61 ± 3.76 vs 18.6 ± 5.34, P <0.01; 20.44 ± 4.51 vs 10.96±4.62, P <0.01), and urodynamic examination and voiding diary showed dramatic post-medication improvement in the average urinary flow rate (［8.05±1.42］ vs ［12.05±2.60］ ml/s, P <0.01 ), maximum urinary flow rate (［14.22±1.74］ vs ［21.32±4.51］ ml/s, P <0.01), residual urine volume (［46.15±16.57］ vs ［14.55±10.21］ ml, P <0.01), maximum urethral closure pressure (［76.52±3.53］ vs ［65.32±4.75］ cm H2O, P <0.01), mean urinary volume (［124.63±40.55］ vs ［285.93±58.68］ ml, P <0.01), urination frequency (16.96±4.17 vs 8.96±2.50, P <0.01), and nocturia frequency (8.94±3.23 vs 3.15±1.90, P <0.01). No apparent adverse reactions were observed in any of the patients.@*CONCLUSIONS@#SPFE Capsules can safely and effectively improve LUTS and thus the quality of life of patients with type ⅢA prostatitis.

Proteomic analysis of the testis and differential expression of Annexin A3 in hypospadiac rats / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of in utero exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on the protein expression in the penile tissue of hypospadiac rats, isolate and identify differentially expressed proteins, and determine the role of the differential expression of Annexin A3 in the development of hypospadia in the rat offspring after maternal exposure to DBP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty pregnant SD rats were randomly assigned to an experimental group, intragastrically administered DBP at 800 mg/kg, and a control group, given soybean oil at 5 ml/kg, both for 5 days. Three days after birth, the penises of the newborn rats were removed, and the total protein extracted for 2D-electrophoretic separation and image analysis. Differentially expressed protein spots were screened and identified by mass spectrometry, and the changes in the expression of Annexin A3 detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty-one differentially expressed protein spots were screened, of which 17 were identified by mass spectrometry and the SwissProt database, including pyruvate kinase M2, alpha-enolase, and Annexin A3. Western blot showed that Annexin A3 was mainly located in the urethral epithelia and had a lower expression in the hypospadiac rats (1.851 +/- 0.014, n = 10) than in the controls (2.603 +/- 0.012, n = 10) (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A pedigree of differentially expressed proteins in the penises of DBP-induced hypospadia and normal rats was established by the proteomic method. The differential expression of Annexin A3 may play an important role in the development of hypospadia.</p>

Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome: a report of 2 cases and review of the literature / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two cases of PMDS were reported, one accompanied by transverse testicular ectopia and the other associated with cryptorchidism. Corporeal hysterectomy and orchidopexy were given to both the patients and cryptorchidectory the latter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Vascular supply and texture of the testis were normal in both the 2 patients after 1.5-2 years' follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PMDS is male pseudohermaphroditism, for which means should be taken to preserve the blood supply and fertility function of the testis in surgical management, and attention should be paid to possible development of testis tumor in follow-up.</p>

Differential expression of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L-1 in the rat testis following exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate in utero / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify and analyze the differential expression of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L-1 (UCHL1) in the testis of rat offspring after maternal exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty pregnant rats were randomly divided into two groups and given DBP by gastric intubation at the dose of 800 mg/(kg x d) or none from the 14-18th day of pregnancy. Testes were harvested from the fetal and neonatal rats of the normal and exposed groups respectively at GD19 and PND22. The expression of UCHL1 was detected and analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The UCHL1 expression was 50% lower in the DBP-exposed group than in the normal controls on GD19 (P < 0.01), but showed no significant difference between the two groups on PND22 (P > 0.05). UCHL1 was mainly located in the cytoplasm and nuclei of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and sub-primary spermatocytes in the developmental phase of the testis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exposure in utero to DBP affects the UCHL1 expression in testicular spermatogenic cells, disturbs the balance of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and consequently causes maldevelopment of the testis with thinner seminiferous tubules and reduced count of spermatogenic cells.</p>