Interactions between ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism and lifestyle behaviors on coronary artery disease risk in a Chinese Han population with dyslipidemia: A guide to targeted heart health management

BACKGROUND@#Both aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 polymorphism and lifestyle behaviors are involved in coronary artery disease (CAD), while the interaction between them is currently unknown.@*METHODS@#A nested case-control study was conducted in 161 patients with CAD and 495 controls in dyslipidemia population in Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, in August 2013. Anthropometric data and blood samples were collected, demographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviors information were obtained by a face-to-face interview, dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, and genomic DNA was genotyped.@*RESULTS@#Carriers with increasing number of A alleles had an elevated CAD risk compared with G allele carriers (adjusted OR = 1.483, 95% CI = 1.114-1.974). Carriers of rs671 A/G and A/A genotypes had a higher CAD risk than carriers of G/G genotype (adjusted OR = 1.492, 95% CI = 1.036-2.148). Similarly, individuals with rs671 A/A genotype had a higher CAD risk than individuals with A/G and G/G genotypes (adjusted OR = 2.161, 95% CI = 1.139-4.101). We found a borderline additive interaction between regular fried food intake and A/A and A/G genotypes, and a significantly additive interaction between sedentary/light physical activity and A/A and A/G genotypes.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Individuals with A/A or A/G genotypes of rs671 have a higher CAD risk, if they lack physical activity and take fried food regularly, than individuals with G/G genotypes. These findings can help to provide a guide to targeted heart health management.

Development and evaluation on the primipara social capital scale / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To develop the Chinese primipara social capital scale (C-PSCS), and to evaluate its validity and reliability.@*Methods@#The items of C-PSCS were developed based on Social Capital Scale by the World Bank and Social Network Scale. This scale was modified according to the characteristics of primiparas. We selected 10 experts who specialized in related field, and two rounds of seminars about content, cultural compatibility, primiparas' characteristics, and practicability. The finally C-PSCS included four dimensions: social trust, social reciprocity, social network, and social participation. Using purposive sampling to select 1 100 primiparas in their third trimesters (gestational weeks from 30 to 36 weeks). The validity analyses included content validity, construct validity and discriminant validity. The reliability analyses included Cronbach' α coefficient, and split-half reliability.@*Results@#1 035 questionnaires (94.09%) were qualified and the completion time was (13.23 ± 2.53) minutes. The total score of scale was 195.38 ± 45.98, and scores for social trust, social reciprocity, social network, and social participation were 30.26 ± 4.25, 22.84 ± 4.21, 34.23 ± 7.47, and 108.05 ± 41.96, respectively. The common factor cumulative variance contribution rates of each dimension were from 52.92% to 69.37%, which achieved more than 50% of the approved standard, and all the items held factor loading >0.5 in its relevant common factor, it had good construct validity. The scale had a good content validity, the r values between each dimensions and total scale were range from 0.57 to 0.81, P<0.01. For the high-score group, scores for social trust, social reciprocity, social network, and social participation dimensions were 32.89±3.19, 25.65±3.48, 38.27±6.59, 119.94±36.61, respectively, which were higher than low-score group (27.77±3.58, 20.18±2.91, 30.40±6.13, 96.76 ± 43.60), t-values were -24.23, -27.46, -19.90, and -9.24, respectively, P<0.001. It had good discriminant validity. The Cronbach'α coefficient for the total scale and four dimensions were from 0.76 to 0.86, and whose split-half reliability were from 0.68 to 0.84.@*Conclusion@#The validity and reliability of C-PSCS were excellent, and could be used to evaluate the social capital situation on the Chinese primiparas.

The situation of social support and its relationship with antenatal depression among 1 075 Zhejiang primiparas in their third trimesters / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the situation of social support (SS), and explore its relationship with antenatal depression (AD) among Zhejiang primiparas in their third trimesters.@*Methods@#From March to August 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted and the questionnaire was used at the outpatient consulting room of one maternity hospital in Hangzhou. Inclusion criteria includes the primiparas over 18 years old, gestation from 30 to 36 weeks, been able to understand and complete the questionnaires independently, no family history and history of mental disorders and no use of psychotropic drugs, without serious illness and so on. Exclusion criteria was that the primiparas were unable to complete all the contents of the questionnaire and of poor compliance. 1 150 questionnaires were actually given out, and 1 075 questionnaires were valid, so the valid rate was 93.48%. AD was evaluated by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and SS was evaluated by the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). SS between the non-AD group and the AD group was compared. The correlation between SS and AD was analyzed. Binary logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between SS and AD. The level of SS was divided by average scores, groups lower than the average score was defined as the low-score group, groups higher than the average score was defined as the high-score group.@*Results@#The prevalence of AD (score≥9) was 27.3% (293/1 075) among Zhejiang primiparas in their third trimesters. The scores of family support, friend support and other support, and the total score of SS among the non-AD group were 24.80±2.83, 23.40±3.00, 21.91±3.54 and 70.11±7.92, respectively, which were higher than those in the AD group (22.71±3.88, 21.45±3.59, 19.95±3.97, 64.10±10.01), (t values were 8.43, 8.29, 7.83 and 9.25, respectively, P<0.001 for all). The scores of family support, friend support and other support, and the total score of SS were negatively correlated with AD (rs values were-0.26,-0.25,-0.22 and-0.28, respectively, P<0.001 for all). Compared with low-score group, the scores of family support, friend support and other support, and the total score of SS among the high-score group had a lower risk of antenata depression among primiparas in their third trimesters, OR(95%CI) values were 0.56 (0.41-0.77), 0.66(0.47-0.92), 0.57(0.41-0.79) and 0.36(0.27-0.48), respectively.@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of AD among Zhejiang primiparas was relatively high, and AD was negatively associated with SS level. We suggest adding SS in community pregnancy health management service in the future.