Analysis of urinary calculi composition in Longnan, Gansu province / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the composition of urinary calculi in Longnan, Gansu province, and the relationship between the composition and clinical characteristics of patients, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease. 【Methods】 The composition of 500 cases of urinary calculi hospitalized in our department during Apr. 2021 and Feb.2023 were analyzed using the infrared spectrum stone composition analyzer. The clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated and analyzed. 【Results】 The male-to-female ration of patients was 2.70∶1. Most patients aged 21 to 60 years (437, 87.4%). Most cases were ureteral calculi (72.8%), followed by renal calculi (22.2%), and bladder calculi (5.0%). There were 166 cases of calcium oxalate calculi, 293 cases of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite calculi, 24 cases of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite + hydroxyl apatite calculi, 4 cases of calcium oxalate + calcium bicarbonate calculi, 7 cases of urate calculi, 6 cases of carbonated apatite + struvite calculi. Oxalate calculi were the most common in all age groups, and urate calculi were the most common in the 21 to 40 age group. Calcium oxalate calculi were most common in the ureter (127, 76.5%), significantly higher than in other sites (χ2=3.222, P=0.020). Calcium oxalate + calcium hydrogen phosphate calculi was the least common in the bladder, significantly different from the other parts (χ2=2.092, P=0.037). Magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate and/or calcium carbonate or calcium oxalate calculi were the most common in the kidney (50.0%), significantly different from the other parts (χ2=9.448, P=0.007). 【Conclusion】 In Longnan area, the incidence of urinary calculi is significantly higher in male than in female. Ureteral calculi are mainly composed of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite and calcium oxalate. According to different risk factors, individual prevention programs should be developed.

Effect of Arntl on T cell development and anti-infection function in mice / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To evaluate the effect of Arntl on T cell development and T cell-mediated anti-viral immunity. 【Methods】 ArntlF/FCD4cre+(KO) in mice was constructed to delete Arntl gene specifically in T cells. We examined the percentage and number of T cell subsets in the thymus and spleen by flow cytometry (FCM). At day 8 after lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, the proportions of T cell subsets, virus-specific CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ secreting T cells were analyzed. The viral load in the spleen was measured using qPCR. Naive CD4+ T cells (CD4+CD25-CD44-CD62L+) were sorted by flow cytometry to perform T helper cell differentiation in vitro. 【Results】 The percentage and number of T cells in the thymus and spleen of KO mice showed no significant change compared with those in the control group (ArntlF/FCD4cre- mice, WT) (P>0.05). Acute LCMV infection did not cause observable changes in effector T cell proportion in the spleen of KO mice compared to that in WT mice (P>0.05), but KO mice showed a higher proportion of IFN-γ secreting T cells (P<0.05) and better virus clearance (P<0.05). In addition, naive CD4+ T cells from KO mice were more prone to differentiate into Th1 cells in vitro (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Arntl deletion in T cells does not affect T cell development, but enhances their ability to defend against viral infection by promoting Th1 cell differentiation and response.

Efficacy of constant flow oxygen supply via laryngeal mask airway combined with a thin tube at distal end of airway stenosis for intraoperative ventilation in patients with severe tracheal stenosis undergoing bronchoscopy / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of constant flow oxygen supply via laryngeal mask airway combined with a thin tube at the distal end of airway stenosis for intraoperative ventilation in the patients with severe tracheal stenosis undergoing bronchoscopy. Methods:Forty patients of either sex, aged 18-70 yr, scheduled for comprehensive interventional therapy with tracheoscope for severe tracheal stenosis, were allocated into 2 groups ( n=20 each) by a random number table method: test group and control group.After routine anesthesia induction, intermittent positive pressure ventilation was supplied via a laryngeal mask airway linked to four-way connector and anesthesia machine.In test group, a 6Fr suction tube was inserted through the four-way connector and placed at the distal end of the stenosis, with 1 L/min flow oxygen supply.Before ventilation with the thin tube (T 0), at 30 min after start of mechanical ventilation (T 1), and at the end of operation (T 2), SpO 2, P ETCO 2, mean airway pressure (Pmean), and minute ventilation (MV) were recorded, monitoring of lung ventilation was implemented using electrical impedance tomography, and the area percentages of the centre of ventilation (CoV), dependent silent spaces (DSS), and non-dependent silent spaces (NSS) were recorded.Blood gas analysis was performed at T 1 to record pH value, PaO 2 and PaCO 2.Hypoxemia was recorded during ventilation. Results:Compared with control group, MV, Pmean and area percentage of NSS were significantly increased and area percentage of DSS was decreased at T 1, 2, P ETCO 2 was decreased and SpO 2 and area percentage of CoV were increased at T 1, pH value and PaO 2 were increased, and PaCO 2 and the incidence of hypoxemia were decreased in test group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Combination of laryngeal mask airway and a thin tube at the distal end of airway stenosis for constant flow oxygen supply can improve the ventilation efficacy by increasing the oxygen concentration at the distal end of the stenosis and by reopening the collapsed lung tissue at the distal end during interventional therapy with tracheoscope in the patients with severe tracheal stenosis.

Preparative Isolation and Purification of Garcinol by High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study aimed at preparing the chemical reference substance of garcinol.A preparative high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) was adopted for the isolation of garcinol from the twigs of Garcinia multifiora Champ,G.esculenta Y.H.Li and the fruits of G.xanthochymus Hook.f.ex T.Anders.The crude extracts were separated by HSCCC with two phase solvent systems composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-95％ ethanol-water (8∶8∶12∶4,volume ratio) using the upper stationary phase and the lower mobile phase.Under the conditions of a flow rate of 2.0 and 4.0 mL· min-1,and the apparatus rotation at 850 rpm,the column temperature at 25℃ and the detection wavelength at 254 nm,the fraction containing garcinol was purified by the Sephadex LH20 chromatography.The purity test in the extracts was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.As a result,the contents of garcinol were 45,281 and 4080mg respectively separated from 104.765 g twigs of G.multiflora Champ,105.270 g G.esculenta Y.H.Li and 102.318 g the fruits of G.xanthochymus Hook.f.ex T.with the purity of 98.72％,98.36％ and 98.42％.Compared with the sample pretreatments and separation efficiency of the three plants,it was found that the fat-soluble extracts rapidly and efficiently extracted using n-hexane-ethyl acetate-95％ ethanol-water (5∶5∶5∶5,volume ratio) contained abundant garcinol taking fruits of G.xanthochymus Hook.f.ex T as the raw material with the combination of HSCCC and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography.In conclusion,it was indicated that the combination method is efficient with high operability and large preparation quantity.

Application of High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography to the Rapid Screening of Bioactive Components from Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) and Natural Products / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

The combination of high-speed countercurrent chromatography and rapid bioactive assay is a desirable method in the screening of bioactive components from CMM and natural products.This review focused on the application status of high-speed countercurrent chromatography to the rapid screening of bioactive components from CMM and natural products based on our previous studies and the recent progress over it.

Advances in stress response of DNA binding with one finger transcription factor family genes in graminaceous plants / 生物工程学报

Transcription factor is a key trans-acting factor to mediate stress response by regulating gene expression. Plants have developed a series of mechanisms to modulate development, stress response, signaling and disease resistance at transcription level. DNA binding with one finger (DOF), containing one C₂-C₂ zinc finger domain, is a special plant transcription factor. Specifically, the conserved domain at N-terminus of DOF has multiple functions, including interacting with DNA and protein, which could be involved in plant development and stress response. Although many DOF family genes are characterized in plant stress response, it is not clear if DOF genes have functions in cereal plants. In the present paper, the role of DOF family genes on cereal plants were discussed based on a comprehensive phylogenetic relationship analysis, expression profiles in different tissues and various environmental conditions. The results obtained here will provide an important reference for further understanding the mechanism of gramineous crops in stress resistance.

Relationship between the Inflammatory Response and the Depth of Propofol Sedation during Cardiac Valve Replacement with Cardiopulmonary Bypass / 华中科技大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the relationship between inflammatory response and depth of propofol sedation during cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Fifty patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB were randomly divided into low Bispectral index (BIS)group(30≤BIS<45)and high BIS group(45≤BIS≤60).Each group had 25 cases.The induction of anesthesia in the two groups was in the same way.Anesthesia was maintained in the fol‐lowing way :low BIS group and high BIS group received intravenous infusion of 7 mg/(kg · h) and 3 mg/(kg · h) propofol ,re‐spectively.In operation ,the propofol infusion rate was adjusted to maintain each group in the corresponding BIS value range.Before induction of anesthesia(T0 ) ,at the end of the CPB(T1 ) ,the end of operation(T2 )and 1 h after operation(T3 ) ,re‐spectively ,6 mL of jugular vein blood samples were collected.The concentrations of IL‐6 ,TNF‐αand S100βprotein in the serum were detected by ELISA method.At T0 ,T1 and T2 ,respectively ,arterial blood was collected ,the pH of blood and the concentra‐tions of blood glucose and lactate were determined.Results At T1 ,T2 and T3 ,the concentrations of IL‐6 and TNF‐αin serum in low BIS group were all lower than those in the high BIS group(all P<0.05).At T2 and T3 ,the S100βprotein concentrations in serum in the low BIS group were all lower than those in the high BIS group (both P< 0.05).Compared with the high BIS group ,the concentrations of blood glucose and lactate in low group at T 1 and T2 were all lower(all P<0.05).Conclusion Ap‐propriately enhancing the depth of sedation could help relieve the inflammatory reaction of patients during cardiac valve replace‐ment with CPB.It can help protect brain tissue and reduce the incidence of brain injury.

Effects of Dezocine extended analgesia on serum interleukin-6 and substance P in laparoscopic surgery in patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore dezocine preemptive analgesia in laparoscopic operation on serum interleukin-6(IL-6) and substance P.Methods 82 cases of laparoscopic operation were randomly divided into two groups,41 cases in the observation group,41 cases in the control group.Observation group was treated with routine anesthesia and analgesia with dezocine,the control group with routine anesthesia.Using visual analogue score (VAS) of pain scores,measured in the two groups of serum IL-6 and P material.Results The observation group after 2h,12h,24h VAS scores were (1.02 ±0.42),(2.19 ±0.87),(1.69 ±0.96) points,which were less than the control group (1.39 ±0.77)%,(3.08 ± 1.15)%,(2.27 ± 1.21)points (t =5.536 2,2.064 4,3.756 4,all P ＜0.05).The observation group before and after operation,serum IL-6,P material were (117.4 ± 17.2) mg/L,(204.4 ± 23.6) mg/L,(4.21 ± 0.96) mg/L,(4.33 ± 1.03) mg/L,the control group were (115.3 ± 14.7) mg/L,(276.5 ± 29.1) mg/L,(4.19 ± 0.94) mg/L,(6.92 ± 1.37) mg/L,two groups of postoperative serum IL-6,substance P (t =3.754 4,7.643 0,all P ＜ 0.05).Increased significantly,compared with the control group,the patients in the observation group the extent of small elevated(t =3.7544,7.6430,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dezocine extended analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery can significantly reduce serum IL-6 and substance P expression.

PHARMACOKINETICS OF MELOXICAM IN HEALTHY CHINESE VOLUNTEERS / 药学学报

AIM　To assess the pharmacokinetic profile of single doses of meloxicam in healthy Chinese volunteers. METHODS　The plasma concentrations of meloxicam after an oral dose of 15 mg to twenty healthy male volunteers were analized by means of a validated HPLC method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were subjected to Shapiro-Wilk test to determine whether these data were fitted to a normal distribution. RESULTS The twenty volunteers can be classified into extensive metabolizers and poor metabolizers according to pharmacokinetic parameters. The main parameters in the two groups obtained were as follows: T1/2 were 21±4 and 38±9 h, AUC0-∞ were 49±10 and 110±8 μg*h*mL-1, respectively. Even the AUC data in extensive metabolizers were 1.7 times as that reported in White volunteers following the same doses of meloxicam. CONCLUSION　There were significant individual differences in the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in Chinese volunteers, which may be due to the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C9.

Minimally invasive drainage tube placement and tee-junctions irrigation for chronic subdural hematoma / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To discuss the feasibility of minimally invasive drainage tube placement and tee-junctions irrigation for the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma. Methods Transcranial drainage and closed tee-junctions irrigation was carried out under local anesthesia in 31 cases of chronic subdural hematoma by using self-made trocar and osteotome. Results All the patients had been completely freed of the disease, without pneumocephalus. Follow-up for 3～6 months revealed no recurrence. Conclusions Minimally invasive tube placement and tee-junctions irrigation for chronic subdural hematoma is feasible. It not only clears away the lesions thoroughly, but also prevents the pneumocephalus effectively.