Strategies of mental health intervention during the COVID-19 epidemic / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To explore ways and methods for public mental health intervention during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:A comprehensive literature review was conducted. Mental healthcare publicity materials posted by over 100 Chinese hospitals in multiple media (till February 24, 2020) were also systematically collected and analyzed.Results:Firstly, anxiety and fear were the most common mental health problems among people during the epidemic. Secondly, to achieve better outcomes, mental health intervention should be provided according to the type of service clients. Thirdly, new media can facilitate the transmission of mental healthcare knowledge, but the limitation is that it can not approach older adults who have limited access to new media. It is therefore essential to strengthen the mental health knowledge transmission to older adults.Conclusions:Mental health intervention is effective when it is provided according to the type of service clients during the COVID-19 epidemic.

The study on the association between smoking and pain intensity in heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between smoking and pain intensity in heroin-dependent patients (HDPs) receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).Methods A total of 603 HDPs from MMT outpatients completed a socio-demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire,a smoking questionnaire,Heaviness of Smoking Index,and Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale.Five-point Verbal Rating Scale was used to assess pain intensity.Results After adjustment for the confounding effects of socio-demographics,clinical characteristics,and depressive symptoms in the analysis of covariance,smokers had significantly higher pain intensity score compared with non-smokers (F=1 1.836,P=0.002).Multiple comparisons showed that the pain intensity level of patients with moderate-to-severe nicotine dependence was the highest,patients with mild nicotine dependence took the second place,and patients with no nicotine dependence was the lowest [(3.11±1.04) vs.(2.67±1.13) vs.(2.47± 1.15),all P＜0.05].Conclusion Smoking is significantly associated with pain in HDPs receiving MMT.The more severe the nicotine dependence that a HDP has,the intense the pain he/she has.

A correlation analysis on depression and anxiety and peripheral blood cell counts in heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between depression and anxiety and peripheral blood cell counts ( white blood cell ( WBC) ,neutrophil ( NEU) ,lymphocyte ( LYM) ,red blood cell ( RBC) and hemoglobin ( HGB) ) of heroin?dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment ( MMT) . Methods Two hundred and fifty?two MMT heroin addicts, who had received peripheral blood tests within the week prior to the study,were administered with a general information questionnaire,SDS and SAS. The results of blood tests of these patients were compared with those of 109 healthy people in physical examina?tion. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze associations between indicators of peripheral blood cell counts and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results Compared with healthy controls,MMT patients had significantly higher proportions of elevated WBC(14.7%vs 3.7%),NEU(12.7% vs 2.8%) and LYM(9.9%vs 2.8%) counts (all P<0.05),and low RBC(10.3%vs 4.6%) counts and HGB(11.5%vs 4.6%) concentra?tion (both P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that blood cell counts of WBC ( β=0.261, P<0.01),NEU ( β=0.264, P<0.01),LYM ( β=0.196, P=0.003) and RBC ( β=-0.144, P=0.021) were independently associated with depression;and blood cell counts of WBC ( β=0.298, P<0.01) and LYM ( β=0.269, P<0.01) were independently associated with anxiety. Conclusion Improving the in?flammatory and malnutrition status may be helpful for reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms of MMT her?oin addicts.

An Analysis of Loneliness and Its Related Influencing Factors in Individuals with Speech Disability / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To study the prevalence and associated factors of loneliness in individuals with speech disability.Methods Using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method,170 community-residing ver-bally disabled persons were selected and administered with a general information questionnaire,one single -item loneliness self-rating question and social support scale.A total of 204 study questionnaires were distributed to the subjects;170 subjects(mean age:43.1±13.7 years)completed the survey.Results As high as 46.47% (79/170)of these verbally disabled individuals reported to feel lonely often.Females (OR=2.45),unemployment (OR=2.95), first and second degrees of disability (OR=4.35),co-existence of chronic illnesses (OR=6.50)and low utiliza-tion of social support (OR=2.58)were significantly associated with the increased risk of loneliness in persons with speech disability (P =0.002~0.046).Conclusion Loneliness is highly prevalent in individuals with speech disabili-ty.Verbally disabled persons,who are female,unemployed,severely disabled,and chronically ill and have a low use of social support,are the target population of mental health services.

Needle-sharing behavior among intravenous heroin users:prevalence and risk factors / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of needle-sharing behavior among intravenous drug users (IDUs).Methods Data regarding socio-demographics,drug abuse characteristics and HIV related health literacy of 474 heroin IDUs were collected.Antisocial personality disorder of IDUs was diagnosed through Mini international neuropsychiatric interview.Results The prevalence of needle sharing among IDUs was 53.8％.Needle-sharing behavior of IDUs was significantly associated with male gender,marital status of being single and separated/divorced,local dwelling,an early age of first drug abuse and antisocial personality disorder (OR =1.11 ～ 6.69,P＜0.05).Conclusion Heroin IDUs have high prevalence of needle sharing.A comprehensive social,behavior and psychology based intervention is needed to effectively prevent HIV infection in IDUs.

A survey on the family and clinical characteristics and social competency of children and adolescents who talk about killing self / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To analyze the family and clinical characteristics of talking about killing self (TAKS) among children and adolescents and its relationship with social competency.Methods One thousand nine hundred and seventy-five 7-17-year-old students from 12 schools (each four for primary,middle and high schools) of Wuhan area,were approached through multistage random cluster sampling,and administered with a self-designed general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of Children' s Depression Inventory.In addition,subjects' parents completed Achenbach' s Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).TAKS was judged based on item 91 (talk about killing self) of CBCL.Multiple Logistic Regression was used to identify factors associated with TAKS.Results The half-year prevalence rate (95％ CI) of parent-reported TAKS was 4.1％ (3.2％,5.0％).TAKS was significantly associated with bad marital status of parents (OR=2.29),unemployment of fathers (OR=2.07),frequently jangling between father and mother (OR=2.23),parents ever having fought with each other intensely (OR=2.00),being frequently bullied by classmates (OR=2.11),internal behavior problem (OR=2.28),external behavior problem (OR=2.50) and depressive symptoms (OR=4.83).TAKS subjects had significantly lower social compctency score than non-TAKS subjects((18.8±7.6) vs.(20.9±6.9),P=0.007).Conclusion The prevalence of TAKS is higher among children and adolescents with several disadvantaged family factors,behavior problems and depression.Children and adolescents with TAKS also have worse social competency.More close clinical attention should be paid to such phenomenon.

Effect of sleep quality on quality of life of heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To analyze the role of sleep quality (SQ) in quality of life (QOL) ofheroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).Methods A total of 603 heroin addicts completed the socio-demographic questionnaire,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI),and the World Health Organization'sQuality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF).Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression was used to examine the unique contribution of SQ in the explanation of QOL.Results The overall unique contributions of the seven components in PSQI,measured by △R2,ranged from 0.139 to 0.216,which could account for 41.3％ ～55.7％ of the total explainable variance in the four domains of WHOQOL-BREF.Conclusion SQ is an important predictor of Q0L in heroin addicts receiving MMT.QOL can be improved through the intervention of low SQ.

Reliability, validity and sensitivity of Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale for patients with current major depression disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To examine the reliability,validity and sensitivity of Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) for patients with current major depression disorder (MDD). Methods One hundred and twenty-two current MDD (DSM-Ⅳ) patients were administered with MADRS, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17 item version (HAMD) and Clinical Global Impression of Severity (CGI-S) at baseline, 12 patients were selected to complete rater agreement test,and 47 patients receiving antidepressant treatment were followed up at 2,4,6 and 8 week and administered with MADRS and HAMD. Correlation analysis, reliability analysis and effect size (ES) calculation were used to determine the reliability,validity and sensitivity to changes during drug treatment. Results Intra rater reliability for MADRS was 0. 954. Baseline item-total score correlations were between 0. 445 and 0. 770 (P ＜ 0. 01 ), and the average correlation was 0. 629. The Cronbach α coefficient was 0. 847. The criterion related validity with HAMD and CGI-S was 0. 853 and 0. 672 (P＜0.01) ,respectively. The re-test reliability for MADRS at 2,4,6 and 8 week was 0. 737 ,0. 651,0. 543 and 0. 524 (P＜0. 01 ) ,respectively.MADRS had higher ES than HAMD when taken as clinical endpoint outcome measurement (0.41 vs 0.40,0.87 vs 0. 72,1.14 vs 0. 88,1.20 vs 0. 96 for 2nd,4th,6th and 8th week, respectively). Conclusion MADRS has good reliability and validity for patients with MDD. It is more sensitive to assess drug effect than HAMD.