Clinical effect of modified autogenous fat grafting for sunken upper eyelid / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To study the clinical effect of modified autogenous fat grafting for sunken upper eyelid in order to simplify surgical methods and to reduce complications.Methods:From January 2014 to May 2018, fifty-five patients with sunken upper eyelid were enrolled in this study. The traditional autologous fat filling injection was modified in present study, and the previous injecting method of large columnar fat mass in the deep subcutaneous layer of upper eyelid was modified; instead, small fat particles were injected into the superficial layer of subcutaneous tissue. After treatment the clinical efficacy and complications were evaluated.Results:Fifty-five patients were followed up for more than eight months, among which forty-seven patients were satisfied with the results and the depression of upper eyelid was significantly improved. However, postoperative complications were found in seven patients, including three patients encountered asymmetry, three patients presented upper-eyelid swelling, one patient had a nodule in the eyelid, and one patient suffered both swelling and asymmetry. The complications rate was 14.5%.Conclusions:Modified autologous fat transplantation is an ideal method for cosmetic repair of sunken upper eyelid, which is easy to operate and can effectively reduce the incidence of complications. However, some complications such as swelling, asymmetry and nodule in the upper eyelid still occur occasionally.

Knowledge, attitude and practice to chronic diseases and associated influencing factors in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice (KAP) to chronic diseases and associated influencing factors in Uygur adults in Kashgar of southern Xinjiang,and provide basic information for developing ethnic specific prevention and control strategies for chronic diseases.Methods With stratified cluster random sampling,investigations,including questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory tests were performed among local residents who were aged ≥ 18 years and selected in Shufu county in southern Xinjiang.KAP scores were calculated and unconditional logistic regression models were used to analyze influencing factors.Results A total of 4 772 Uygur adults were surveyed.The awareness rate of chronic disease related knowledge ranged from 4.32％ to 56.04％,while the awareness rate of preventive measures were from 1.76％ to 85.18％ and the participation rate of prevention program varied from 4.00％ to 97.99％.The average KAP score was 15.90 ± 4.20 and the rate of total KAP was 47.86％.Multi-factor analysis suggested the pass rate of total KAP score increased with educational level.Other factors positively associated with ‘KAP score pass rate’ were commercial insurance investment,hypertension,family history of common chronic diseases,female and abdominal obesity,while overweight was negatively associated with the KAP score pass rate.Conclusions The KAP level on chronic diseases was low in Uygur adults in Kashgar.It is necessary to continuously implement ethnic targeted health education and health promotion campaigns,especially in low education level,low income level,overweight and male groups.

Prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in Uygur adults in Kashgar of Xinjiang.Methods A total of 4 748 Uygur adults aged ≥ 18 years selected through cluster random sampling in Shufu county of Kashgar prefecture were surveyed by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test.The prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rate of hypertension of different groups were calculated and risk factors of hypertension was analyzed by using non-conditional logistic regression model.Results The overall prevalence of hypertension was 15.73％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 13.75％).The prevalence rates of hypertension in men and women were 16.36％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 12.96％),15.39％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 14.34％),respectively.The rates of awareness,treatment and control of hypertension were 59.57％,52.74％,21.29％,respectively.The prevalence of hypertension increased with age.Compared with age group 18-34 years,the age groups 55-64,≥65 years had higher risk of hypertension and the OR values were 10.53,20.96 for men and 16.27,33.20 for women.The overweight (OR=1.47 for men,OR =1.82 for women,P＜0.05) and obesity (OR =1.88 for men,OR=2.66 for women,P＜0.05) also increased the risk of hypertension.The groups with family history of hypertension (OR=3.85 for men,OR=2.34 for women,P＜0.05) also had higher risk of hypertension.Hypertriglyceridemia was positively correlated with the prevalence of hypertension in men (OR=1.62,95％CI:1.09-2.41).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Uygur adults in Kashgar area of Xinjiang was at relatively low level.The related risk factors were age,overweight,obesity,family history and hypertriglyceridemia in men and the risk factors were similar in women except hypertriglyceridemia.

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and normal blood lipids level in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia and normal blood lipids level in Uygur diabetes patients in Kashgar prefecture in southern area of Xinjiang.Methods A total of 5 078 local residents aged ≥ 18 years (42.56％ were men) selected through cluster random sampling in Kashgar were surveyed by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test,and 521 diabetes patients were screened.Results The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetes patients was 59.50％ (310/521) with adjusted rate as 49.39％.Age ≥65 years,overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity increased the risk for dyslipidemia by 0.771 times (95％ CI:1.015-3.088),1.132 times (95％CI:1.290-3.523),1.688 times (95％CI:1.573-4.592) and 0.801 times (95％CI:1.028-3.155) respectively.Compared with males,female was a protective factor for dyslipidemia (OR=0.507,95％CI:0.334-0.769).The overall normal rate of blood lipids level including total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for type 2 diabetes patients was 11.13％.Female,higher BMI and abdominal obesity were the factors influencing the overall normal blood lipids level.The normal rate of LDL-C level decreased with increase of age,BMI and waist circumferences (trend test x2=18.049,P＜ 0.001;trend testx2=10.582,P=0.001;x2=19.081,P＜0.001),but increased with educational level (trend testx2=9.764,P=0.002).Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Uygur diabetes patients in Kashgar was high,however,the overall normal rate of blood lipid level was relatively low.Obesity was the most important risk factor for dyslipidemia in this area.More attention should be paid to dyslipidemia prevention in women.

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Uygur residents in Kashgar of Xinjiang.Methods The survey was conducted among the Uygur residents aged ≥ 18 years selected through stratified cluster sampling in Kashgar by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and basic laboratory test.The prevalence of different groups were calculated and risk factors of DM was analyzed by logistic vegression model.Results A total of 4 608 adults were surveyed.The prevalence of DM was 11.31％ (standardized prevalence:10.59％) and the prevalence was 13.65％ (standardized prevalence:12.34％) in males and 10.04％ (standardized prevalence:9.83％) in females.The prevalence increased with age.The prevalence of DM was higher than the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in people aged ＞60 years,especially in females.The rates of awareness,treatment and control of DM were 28.02％,21.31％ and 5.57％,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that people aged 45-55,55-65 and ＞65 years had higher risk of DM and the odds ratio were 2.08 (95％CI:1.24-3.48),2.73 (95％CI:1.63-4.56) and 3.90 (95％ CI:2.24-6.78) for men and 2.63 (95％ CI:1.71-4.02),3.14 (95％ CI:2.00-4.94) and 5.56 (95％CI:3.47-8.92) for woman,respectively.Family history of DM (OR=2.88 for men,95％Cl:1.45-5.72;OR=2.52 for women,95％CI:1.49-4.26) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m2 (OR=1.77 for men,95％CI:1.19-2.64,OR.=1.80 for women,95％CI:1.30-2.50) were also risk factors for DM.Conclusion The prevalence of DM was high in Uygur residents in Kashgar,but the rate of awareness,treatment and control of DM were low.It is necessary to improve the detection rate of DM and conduct targeted prevention and control of DM.

Knowledge, attitude and practice to chronic diseases and associated influencing factors in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice (KAP) to chronic diseases and associated influencing factors in Uygur adults in Kashgar of southern Xinjiang,and provide basic information for developing ethnic specific prevention and control strategies for chronic diseases.Methods With stratified cluster random sampling,investigations,including questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory tests were performed among local residents who were aged ≥ 18 years and selected in Shufu county in southern Xinjiang.KAP scores were calculated and unconditional logistic regression models were used to analyze influencing factors.Results A total of 4 772 Uygur adults were surveyed.The awareness rate of chronic disease related knowledge ranged from 4.32％ to 56.04％,while the awareness rate of preventive measures were from 1.76％ to 85.18％ and the participation rate of prevention program varied from 4.00％ to 97.99％.The average KAP score was 15.90 ± 4.20 and the rate of total KAP was 47.86％.Multi-factor analysis suggested the pass rate of total KAP score increased with educational level.Other factors positively associated with ‘KAP score pass rate’ were commercial insurance investment,hypertension,family history of common chronic diseases,female and abdominal obesity,while overweight was negatively associated with the KAP score pass rate.Conclusions The KAP level on chronic diseases was low in Uygur adults in Kashgar.It is necessary to continuously implement ethnic targeted health education and health promotion campaigns,especially in low education level,low income level,overweight and male groups.

Prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in Uygur adults in Kashgar of Xinjiang.Methods A total of 4 748 Uygur adults aged ≥ 18 years selected through cluster random sampling in Shufu county of Kashgar prefecture were surveyed by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test.The prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rate of hypertension of different groups were calculated and risk factors of hypertension was analyzed by using non-conditional logistic regression model.Results The overall prevalence of hypertension was 15.73％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 13.75％).The prevalence rates of hypertension in men and women were 16.36％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 12.96％),15.39％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 14.34％),respectively.The rates of awareness,treatment and control of hypertension were 59.57％,52.74％,21.29％,respectively.The prevalence of hypertension increased with age.Compared with age group 18-34 years,the age groups 55-64,≥65 years had higher risk of hypertension and the OR values were 10.53,20.96 for men and 16.27,33.20 for women.The overweight (OR=1.47 for men,OR =1.82 for women,P＜0.05) and obesity (OR =1.88 for men,OR=2.66 for women,P＜0.05) also increased the risk of hypertension.The groups with family history of hypertension (OR=3.85 for men,OR=2.34 for women,P＜0.05) also had higher risk of hypertension.Hypertriglyceridemia was positively correlated with the prevalence of hypertension in men (OR=1.62,95％CI:1.09-2.41).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Uygur adults in Kashgar area of Xinjiang was at relatively low level.The related risk factors were age,overweight,obesity,family history and hypertriglyceridemia in men and the risk factors were similar in women except hypertriglyceridemia.

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and normal blood lipids level in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia and normal blood lipids level in Uygur diabetes patients in Kashgar prefecture in southern area of Xinjiang.Methods A total of 5 078 local residents aged ≥ 18 years (42.56％ were men) selected through cluster random sampling in Kashgar were surveyed by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test,and 521 diabetes patients were screened.Results The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetes patients was 59.50％ (310/521) with adjusted rate as 49.39％.Age ≥65 years,overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity increased the risk for dyslipidemia by 0.771 times (95％ CI:1.015-3.088),1.132 times (95％CI:1.290-3.523),1.688 times (95％CI:1.573-4.592) and 0.801 times (95％CI:1.028-3.155) respectively.Compared with males,female was a protective factor for dyslipidemia (OR=0.507,95％CI:0.334-0.769).The overall normal rate of blood lipids level including total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for type 2 diabetes patients was 11.13％.Female,higher BMI and abdominal obesity were the factors influencing the overall normal blood lipids level.The normal rate of LDL-C level decreased with increase of age,BMI and waist circumferences (trend test x2=18.049,P＜ 0.001;trend testx2=10.582,P=0.001;x2=19.081,P＜0.001),but increased with educational level (trend testx2=9.764,P=0.002).Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Uygur diabetes patients in Kashgar was high,however,the overall normal rate of blood lipid level was relatively low.Obesity was the most important risk factor for dyslipidemia in this area.More attention should be paid to dyslipidemia prevention in women.

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in Uygur population in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Uygur residents in Kashgar of Xinjiang.Methods The survey was conducted among the Uygur residents aged ≥ 18 years selected through stratified cluster sampling in Kashgar by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and basic laboratory test.The prevalence of different groups were calculated and risk factors of DM was analyzed by logistic vegression model.Results A total of 4 608 adults were surveyed.The prevalence of DM was 11.31％ (standardized prevalence:10.59％) and the prevalence was 13.65％ (standardized prevalence:12.34％) in males and 10.04％ (standardized prevalence:9.83％) in females.The prevalence increased with age.The prevalence of DM was higher than the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in people aged ＞60 years,especially in females.The rates of awareness,treatment and control of DM were 28.02％,21.31％ and 5.57％,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that people aged 45-55,55-65 and ＞65 years had higher risk of DM and the odds ratio were 2.08 (95％CI:1.24-3.48),2.73 (95％CI:1.63-4.56) and 3.90 (95％ CI:2.24-6.78) for men and 2.63 (95％ CI:1.71-4.02),3.14 (95％ CI:2.00-4.94) and 5.56 (95％CI:3.47-8.92) for woman,respectively.Family history of DM (OR=2.88 for men,95％Cl:1.45-5.72;OR=2.52 for women,95％CI:1.49-4.26) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m2 (OR=1.77 for men,95％CI:1.19-2.64,OR.=1.80 for women,95％CI:1.30-2.50) were also risk factors for DM.Conclusion The prevalence of DM was high in Uygur residents in Kashgar,but the rate of awareness,treatment and control of DM were low.It is necessary to improve the detection rate of DM and conduct targeted prevention and control of DM.

Relationship and mechanism between the serum level of HMGB1 and the mortality rate in patients with sepsis / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the relationship and mechanism between the serum level of high mobility group box protein-1(HMGB1)and the mortality rate in patients with sepsis.Methods The serum levels of HMGB1,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in 48 patients with sepsis were determined.The clinical outcomes in those patients were recorded and anlyzed.Results After the onset of sepsis,the serum HMGB1 levels of both death group and survival group were increased gradually and peaked at 72h after the onset of the disease.The semm HMGB1 levels of death group were much higher than those of survival group except at 24h(t=6.07,6.20,24.43,all P＜0.05).The activity of serum SOD of death group was markedly lower than that of survival group at 12h,24h,48h and 72h(t=10.24,20.61,11.67,33.33,all P＜0.05),and the level of serum MDA of death group was significantly higher than those of survival group at all time points(t=26.06,22.17,23.86,9.49,5.95,all P＜0.05).There was a significantly positive correlation between the serum HMGB1 and MDA level.Conlusioa The increase in serum HMGB1 level may be the important reasoll for the increased mortality rate in patients with sepsis;Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance may be olle reason for the increase in serum HMGB1 level.

Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ginger Oil / 中草药·英文版

Objective Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is widely used as a spice in cooking and as a medicinal herb in traditional herbal medicine. The present study was to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ginger oil in experimental animal models. Methods The analgesic effect of the oils was evaluated by the acetic acid and hot-plate test models of pain in mice. The anti-inflammatory effect of the oil was investigated in rats, using rat paw edema induced by carrageenan, adjuvant arthritis, and vascular permeability induced by bradykinin, arachidonic acid, and histamine. Indomethacin (1 mg/kg), Aspirin (0.5 g/kg) and Dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) were used respectively as reference drugs for comparison. Results The ginger oil (0.25-1.0 g/kg) produced significant analgesic effect against chemically- and thermally-induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice (P < 0.05, 0.01). And the ginger oil (0.25-1.0 g/kg) also significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema, adjuvant arthritis, and inflammatory mediators-induced vascular permeability in rats (P < 0.05, 0.001). Conclusion These findings confirm that the ginger oil can be used to treat pain and chronic inflammation such as rheumatic arthritis.

Application of Z-form plasty with a nasal mucous membrane and alar cartilage flap to repair severe secondary nasal deformity after cleft lip operation / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To investigate a repair method for unilateral complete cleft lip nasal deformities.Methods Based on the fullness of healthy nasal wing,Z-form plasty was designed with a nasal mucous membrane and alar cartilage flap,to prolong its curtate length of the deformed side through overlapping transposition,and then with suspension of the custom-crafted nasal wing to replace its abnormal structure,subsequently,to recover the normal anatomic structure of the nosewing,and to get the nasal deformity repaired.Results A total of 12 patients with the severe nasal deformity were treated by this method.and all had satisfactory results.Conclusion This technique is a good choice for repairing the severe secondary nasal deformity after single complete cleft lip operation.

Aesthetic surgical treatment for middle and older patients with sunken upper eye lids / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To treat the sunken upper eyelids in the midd le and older patients with a modified procedure so as to improve esthetic appeara nce of the patients. Methods Autolipoparticles collected from patients' abdomen were injected into the sunken upper eyelids beneath the o rbital septum. 3ml of the lipoparticles were injected for each upper eyelid as u sual. The blepharoplasty was also performed for most of the patients with lower eyelids bag before or during the operation. Results The decrepit phenomena of eyes in all the patients were improved by the operations. Owing to the phenomena that the sunken upper eyelids were associated with the fa t bags of lower eyelid in most patients, it was inferable that the sunken upper eyelids were probably caused by the tissues ptosis in the orbit. Con clusions The sunken upper eyelids associated with fat bags of lower eyelids are the decrepit phenomena of eyes in middle age and old people. The sun ken upper eyelids can be corrected by the method of autolipoparticle injection. After the operation the appearance of patients' eyes is obviously improved. The method is easily performed and its curative effect is reliable.

Super-thin coverage of MEDPOR ear framework:an animal study / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective It would make a reconstructed ear more naturally when deep temporal fascia, which is much thinner, cover the MEDPOR ear framework instead of superficial temporal fascia. However, without an axial vascular supply, should skingraft be taken on the islanded deep temporal fascia flap? Perhaps this fascia flap could get a new blood supply from the underlying superficial temporal fascia through the porous framework after a period of time. This study was to test its possibility. Methods A piece of 30?15?2mm MEDPOR material was inserted between superficial and deep fascia on the back of a rabbit. In control group, skin graft on the deep surface of deep fascia was operated at once; in experiment group, the incision was sutured and the skin graft was operated 3 weeks later in the same incision. Results Skin grafts were taken in all the 6 rabbits in the experiment group. 80%～100% of necrosis occurred in all the 6 rabbits of control group. Conclusion Without an axial vascular supply, skin graft can not survive on the islanded deep fascia flap. This fascia flap can get a new blood supply from the underlying superficial fascia through the porous MEDPOR material, through which small vessels grow between the two fascia after 3 weeks.