Shear bond strength of conventional glass ionomer cement to mechanically treated versus chemo-mechanically treated dentin

To determine the effect of a chemo mechanical caries removal [CMCR] gel Carisolv[TM] on shear bond strength [SBS] of conventional glass ionomer cement bonded to human permanent dentin. One conventional glass ionomer cement [Fuji IX, GC Co, Tokyo Japan] was used. Sixty four teeth were sectioned occlusally; exposed coronal dentin was polished with silicon papers. Teeth in the control groups [C] were directly bonded to respective glass ionomer cements [GIC]. For test groups [T] the polished dentin surface was pre-treated with Carisolv [TM] [Singlemix Uncoloured Gel, Medi Team, Sweden] prior to bonding. Bonded specimens were stored for 24 hours and stressed to failure in the shear mode. SBS of Fuji IX, test group [4.97 +/- 0.82 MPa] was significantly higher [P = .001] than its control group [3.98 +/- 0.67MPa]. Carisolv[TM] pre-treatment significantly increased the shear bond strength of conventional glass ionomer cement to dentin

Comparative study of BACTEC system, Myco dot test and Zeihl Nelseen stain in diagnosis of tuberculosis in diabetic children

Background: Tuberculosis [TB] remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent estimates are that 8-10 million new tuberculosis [TB] cases occur each year in the world and 2-3 million die. Previous clinicbased studies in developed countries demonstrated an association between tuberculosis and diabetes but did not determine whether this is due to an increase in recently transmittedor reactivated infection of tuberculosis

Aim of the Work: is asses the comparative efficiency of BACTEC system, MycoDot test and Zeihl Nelseen staining in diagnosis of tuberculosis in diabetic and non diabetic children

Patients and methods: The study comprised 220 patients, divided into two groups. The first group is 110 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged from 5-10 years old who had a regular follow up in pediatric diabetes Mellitus [DM] Out Patient Clinic in El-Minia University Hospital. The second group consists of one hundred and ten children [as a control non-diabetic group]. Both are subjected to history talking, clinical examination including general and local examination, chest X-ray [diabetic children] and Zeihl Nelseen staining of sputum and also sputum was cultured in BACTEC system [diabetic and control groups]. Finally, we did the MycoDot test on sera of both groups

Results: Among the one hundred and ten [diabetic children], nine cases [8.2%] assigned positive TB in using BACTEC technique. On the other side, all the control cases were negative in using the same technique. Among the one hundred and ten [diabetic children], six cases [5.5%] assigned positive TB in using MycoDot technique. On the other side, the control cases assigned only one positive case [0.9%] in using the same test and the difference was statistically significant [P=0.01] [P=0.04] respectively. TB prevalence by BACTEC system was higher among children with positive Zeihl Nelseen stain and also with MycoDot test than those with negative ones and the differences were statistically significant [P=0.0001]. Mean duration of disease [DM] was higher among children having positive BACTEC system than those with negative results, but the difference was statistically insignificant [P= 0.06]

Anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies [anti-CCP] and immunoglobulin A-rheumatoid factor [IgA-RF] in juvenile chronic arthritis [JCA]

Introduction: Juvenile chronic arthritis [JCA] is considered one of the most common rheumatoid diseases in children. It is characterized by idiopathic synevitis of the joints, associated with soft tissue swelling and effusion. Juvenile chronic arthritis [JCA] is also associated with certain generalized abnormalities of the immune system. A number of circulating autoantibodies including rheumatoid factors [RFs] are found in the serum of most patients with JCA. Juvenile chronic arthritis [JCA] is so difficult to be diagnosed early and a small subgroup of patients has positive IgM rheumatoid factor [RF] detected by the standard agglutination techniques

Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to estimate the prevalence of anti-CCP and IgA-RF in patients with JCA for early diagnosis and better prognosis of the disease

Patients and methods: Our study was carried on pediatric and rheumatology rehabilitation clinics in El-Minia University Hospital. It included 30 patients with Juvenile chronic arthritis [JCA] fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology Criteria. There were 20 females and 10 males, their ages ranged from 4-16 years and their diseases duration ranged from 1-8 years having their onset of disease before the age of 16 years and control group consisted of 15 healthy cases. Patients in this study were divided into four groups. Both serological markers were detected in different groups of short period [less than I year of clinical manifestation] and long period [more than 1 year of clinical manifestation]. Detection of IgA-RF and anti-CCP antibody was done by ELISA technique

Results: Our study found that high serum level of 23 from 30 patients [76.6%] of anti-CCP with specificity 94.4% and sensitivity 76.6%, which is highly significant [p < 0.0018]. While high serum level of positive IgA RF was 20 from 30 [66.6%] with specificity 86.8% and sensitivity 66.6%. The total short period [less than I year] clinical manifestation patients in all groups were 18. From those, 15 [83.33%] were found positive by anti-CCP, with high significance [p < 0.0014]. The total long period groups were 12, 8 of them [66.7%] were found positive by anti-CCP, while 11 from 12 [91.75%] were found positive by IgA-RF, which indicates of high significant p value [p < 0.006]. In group I, anti-CCP was high in 15 from 19 [78.94%] of the whole group, while IgA-RF serum level was positive with 14 from 19 [73.68%], which both are of significant values [p value of anti-CCP < 0.0239, whereas for IgA-RF, the p value is < 0.0308]. In the short period group, 9 from 11 [81.81%] was anti-CCP positive, which is significant [p < 0.021], while 7 from 11 [63.6%] was IgA-RF positive. In the long period group 6 from 8 [75%] of patients were positive with high level of anti-CCP, while 7 from 9 [87.5%] was positive by IgA-RF, which is significant [p < 0.0149]. In group II, anti-CCP was positive 4 from 6 [66.66%] of the whole group, while IgA-RF serum level was positive with 3 from 6 [50%]. In the short period of disease duration group, 3 from 4 [75%] were anti-CCP positive, while 2 from 4 [50%] were IgA-RF positive. In the long period of disease duration group, 1 from 2 [50%] of patients had high level of anti-CCP positive, while 1 from 2 [50%] were positive by IgA-RF. Finally, about group III, anti-CCP was found positive in 4 from 5 cases [80%] of the whole group, while IgA-RF serum level was positive in one case from 5 [20%]. In those if anti-CCP positive, 3 had short period of illness, and 1 had long period of illness with no statistical significant difference, while IgA-RF was positive with only I patient [20%], who had long duration of illness

Conclusion: Anti-CCP and IgA-RF, serological markers, are useful diagnostic tools for JCA especially in polyarticular group. However, anti-CCP can be used for early diagnosis with better sensitivity and specificity

Shear bond strength and marginal adaptation of glass ionomers to chemomechanically treated human permanent dentine: a scanning electron microscopic [SEM] evaluation

The search for a dental restorative material which adheres directly to enamel and dentaic was the need of clinical dentistry. The performance of restorative conventional and rein-modified glass ionomer cements to chemiomechanically treated human permanent dentive will be of help for clionical dentistry. To determine the effect of a chemomechanical caries removal [CMCR] gel Carisolv TM on shear bond strength [SBS] and marginal adaptation of conventional glass ionomer cement [OGIC] and resin-modified glass ionomer cement [RMGIC] bonded to human permanent dentine. One conventional glass ionomer cement [Fuji IX, GC Co. Tokyo Japan] and one resin-modified glass ionomer cement [Fuji II, GC Co. Tokyo Japan] was used. Sixty four teeth were sectioned occlusally; exposed coronal dentine was polished wit silicon papers. Teeth in the control groups [C] wee directly bonded to respective glass ionomer cements [GICs]. For test groups [T] the polished dentine surface was pretreated with Carisolv TM [Singlemix Uncolored Gel, Medi Team, Sweden] prior to bonding. Bonded specimens were stored for 24 hours stressed to failure in the shear mode. Failure modes were identified with a Stereoscopic Microscope. Each type of failure mode was further examined under a Scanning Electron Microscope [SEM]. To evaluate the adaptation of GICs to underlying dentine surfaces, one additional specimen was prepared and sectioned through the centre. Sectioned specimens were analyzed using backscattered Electron imaging mode. SBS of Fuji IX, test group [4.9 +/- 0.82 Mpa] significantly higher [P = 0.001] than it's control group [3.98 +/- 0.67 Mpa]. Whereas, no significant difference [P = 0.160] was observed in SBS of Fuji II test group [13.52 +/- 1.88 Mpa] and control groups [12.23 +/- 2.89 Mpa]. Predominant failure mode observed was cohesive failure within the cement. SEM examination showed that both Fuji IX and Fuji II specimens had smooth and even cement-dentine interface. Carisolv TM pretreatment did not adversely affect the bond strength of conventional and resin modified glass ionomer cements to dentine