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1.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 42(2): 98-101, abr.-jun. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634651

RESUMO

Se evaluó la prevalencia serológica del virus de influenza mediante las pruebas de inhibición de la hemaglutinación (IHA) y ELISA para los subtipos H1N1 y H3N2 en 13 granjas porcinas de Argentina. Se compararon los resultados obtenidos mediante ambas pruebas en términos individuales y de establecimientos. La prevalencia individual por la técnica de IHA fue de 38,46% a 100% para H1 y de 7,69% a 100% para H3. Por la técnica de ELISA, la prevalencia individual fue de 2,33% a 6,9% para H1 y de 9,65% a 48% para H3. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre ambas técnicas a escala de granja (H1: p=0,20; H3: p=0,11). La concordancia entre las pruebas fue nula al tomar como unidad de referencia el animal (H1: 0,005; H3: 0,070), mientras que en términos de establecimiento fue escasa (H1: 0,350; H3: 0,235). Considerando la alta prevalencia individual obtenida por la prueba de IHA y la alta sensibilidad de esta técnica, se podría sugerir que en las poblaciones porcinas de la Argentina circularon cepas virales humanas o cepas porcinas con gran proximidad filogenética a las utilizadas en este estudio desde el año 2002.


The seroprevalence of the Influenza virus against H1N1 and H3N2 was determined by the hemagglutination-inhibition test (HI) and a commercial swine influenza ELISA kit, in 13 Argentinean swine herds. The results of within-herd and between-herd prevalence obtained by both tests were statistically correlated. The within-herd prevalence observed by the HI test varied from 38.46 to 100% against H1 and 7.69 to 100% for H3. When the within-herd prevalence was measured with the ELISA test, it varied from 2.33 to 6.9% for H1 and 9.65 to 48% for H3. No statistical differences were observed at herd level between HI and ELISA (H1: p = 0. 20; H3: p=0.11). No agreement between HI and ELISA detected prevalence was observed when the within-herd prevalence was compared (H1: 0.005; H3: 0.070), while the agreement at herd level was considered poor (H1: 0,350; H3: 0,235). The high within-herd prevalence values observed with the HI test and the high sensibility of this test might show that human strains or swine strains phylogenetically closely related to the humans strains used in the HI test in this study have been affecting the swine population since 2002.


Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação/veterinária , Vírus da Influenza A/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/veterinária , Sus scrofa/virologia , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Influenza A/classificação , Vírus da Influenza A/imunologia , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/virologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estações do Ano , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Suínos/virologia
2.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 40(3): 180-184, jul.-sep. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-634599

RESUMO

A dramatic rise in the frequency of resistance to adamantane drugs by influenza A H3 viruses, associated with a single amino acid replacement in the viral matrix M2 protein, has occurred in multiple countries worldwide in recent years. We investigated the frequency of adamantane-resistant influenza A H3 viruses in Argentina during the period 2001- 2007. We used reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction. The obtained products were sequenced for the detection of mutations of the M2 gene relevant to the resistance phenotypes. The HA1 sequences of the sensitive and resistant strains were also analyzed to clarify whether they had any relevance to the resistant mutations. Twenty out of 55 (36%) strains were identified with the resistance-conferring substitution at amino acid 31 (Serine 31 Asparagine). No resistant viruses were detected between 2001 and 2005. All strains isolated in 2006 and four out of five isolates from 2007 were resistant. None of the patients had received previous treatment with amantadine and/or rimantadine. The HA1 analysis showed that there were only two changes (Serine193 Phenylalanine and Aspartic acid 225 Asparagine) present in the strains with the M2 substitution at position 31. Our data indicate that since 2006 there has been a significant increase of adamantane-resistant influenza A H3 viruses, which raises concern over the spread of these viruses in Argentina.


En los últimos años, se ha detectado un aumento de virus influenza A H3 resistentes a los adamantanos en distintos países, asociados mayoritariamente con el reemplazo de un único aminoácido de la proteína matriz M2. Se investigó la frecuencia de virus influenza A H3 resistentes a los adamantanos en Argentina entre 2001 y 2007. Se utilizó la transcripción reversa seguida de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y de la técnica de secuencia directa para la detección de mutaciones en el gen que codifica para la proteína M2, relevantes para los fenotipos de resistencia. También se analizó la secuencia de la porción HA1 de cepas resistentes y sensibles, para intentar establecer alguna relación con las mutaciones de M2. De un total de 55 cepas, 20 (36%) fueron resistentes debido a un cambio aminoacídico en la posición 31 (serina 31 asparagina). No se detectaron cepas resistentes entre 2001 y 2005. Las cepas aisladas en el 2006 y 4 de 5 cepas obtenidas en el 2007 fueron resistentes. Ninguno de los pacientes de los que se habían aislado esas cepas había recibido tratamiento antiviral con anterioridad. En la porción secuenciada de HA1 se encontraron dos cambios (serina 193 fenilalanina y ácido aspártico 225 asparagina), presentes sólo en las cepas que tuvieron la mutación en la posición 31 de M2. Desde el año 2006 se ha registrado en Argentina un aumento significativo de la circulación de virus influenza A H3 con genotipo resistente, lo que genera expectativa con respecto a su diseminación en nuestro país.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adamantano/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Viral , Vírus da Influenza A/efeitos dos fármacos , Argentina , Vírus da Influenza A/isolamento & purificação , Fatores de Tempo
3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 65(1): 36-40, 2005. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-445870

RESUMO

By the end of year 2002 there was an outbreak of atypical pneumonia in Southeast Asia which soon spread to other continents. This new severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was produced by a novel coronavirus. Due to the severity of the situation and risk of introduction of this pathology in our country, the need to arrange specific laboratory diagnostic tests arose. Classic techniques, such as the electron microscopy and molecular biology test such as retrotranscription followed by the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were implemented. The araldit included cells infected with bovine coronavirus which allowed the viral particles to be visualized easily but it took more time in comparison with the negative staining of free particles from viral cultures. RT-PCR was able to detect RNA of isolated viruses from cases in Hong Kong and Germany.


A fines del año 2002 se inicia un brote de neumonía atípica en el Sudeste asiático el cual se extiende posteriormente a otros continentes. El nuevo síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS) era producido por un coronavirus novedoso. Debido a la gravedad de la situación y al riesgo de introducción de esta patología en Argentina, se implementaron técnicas de diagnóstico clásicas como la microscopía electrónica, y moleculares como una reacción de retrotranscripción seguida de una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RT-PCR). La inclusiónen araldita de células infectadas con un coronavirus bovino permitió visualizar más fácilmente las partículas virales, pero requirió más tiempo en comparación con la coloración negativa de partículas libres de cultivos virales.La RT-PCR implementada fue capaz de detectar ARN de cepas de casos de Hong Kong y de Alemania.


Assuntos
Humanos , Emergências , Saúde Global , Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/diagnóstico , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico , Surtos de Doenças , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/epidemiologia
4.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 32(3): 144-148, jul.-sept. 2000.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-332523

RESUMO

The clinical or epidemiological influenza diagnosis require fast, sensitive and accessible techniques for small laboratories. In order to investigate the sensitivity of the methods currently used in Argentina, the rapid diagnosis by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IF) was compared to the rapid viral culture in MDCK cells. The diagnosis of influenza virus infection was performed on 81 nasal and pharyngeal swabs collected from outpatients with upper respiratory infection, influenza-like syndrome. The samples were collected during 1998 winter season and both techniques were tested. The IF specificity and sensitivity obtained were 91.9 and 59.5, respectively. In the selection of the assay to be used for influenza diagnosis, the limitations of the simplest techniques such as IF should be considered. Furthermore, it is advisable to set up an optimized culture method in complex laboratories since culture is the only technique which allows the reference centers to perform the full characterization of the isolates.


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cães , Cobaias , Anticorpos Antivirais , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Vírus da Influenza A , Influenza Humana , Cavidade Nasal , Faringe , Cultura de Vírus , Argentina , Linhagem Celular , Efeito Citopatogênico Viral , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Vírus da Influenza A , Influenza Humana , Medicina do Trabalho , Estações do Ano , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores de Tempo
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