RESUMO
Objective: to assess the erosive effect of energy drinks (ED) alone and mixed with alcohol on the human enamel surface in vitro. Methods: Twenty non-erupted human third molars were vertically sectioned in half. Specimens were exposed to 5mL of ED plus 5mL of artificial saliva or 5mL of ED plus 5mL of artificial saliva plus 5mL of alcohol (Pisco). Exposure times were set at 30min and 60min. Erosive assessments were made using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The ED analyzed were Mr. Big, Kem Extreme, Red Bull, and Monster Energy. ED pH measurements were performed at 25°C and titration was done with NaOH 0.1mol/L. Results: The pH ranges were: ED alone 2.55 to 3.46, ED mixed with artificial saliva 2.60 to 3.55, ED mixed with Pisco 2.82 to 3.70, and ED mixed with both 2.92 to 3.86. The pH of Pisco was 6.13, and Pisco mixed with artificial saliva had a pH of 6.23. Titration showed a pH range from 3.5 to 5.7. SEM-EDS analysis showed that Mr. Big and Monster led to clear demineralization at 30 min and remineralization at 60m in. Pisco slightly decreased the erosive effect of these ED. Kem Xtreme and Red Bull led to no demineralization in the first hour. Conclusion: According to the pH, acidity and EDS analysis, the ED of the present study likely caused enamel erosion in human teeth surface dependent on exposure time.
Assuntos
Humanos , Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Esmalte Dentário , Bebidas Energéticas/efeitos adversos , Erosão Dentária/induzido quimicamente , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Técnicas In VitroRESUMO
The aim of this article was to see the erosive effect of the efferves¬cent powder acid in Tiritón ice cream (Nestlé Savory, Vevey, Switzerland) on the human tooth enamel. The erosive potential of Tiritón ice cream was determined under in vitro conditions by subjecting five tooth enamel slices from three healthy permanent first molars from healthy patients attending the dental clinic at the Universidad Nacional Andres Bello in Concepción. The samples were exposed to a mixture of saliva from a girl without incidence of dental caries and the effervescent powder in the stick holding the Tiritón ice cream for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 seconds. Afterwards, the effect was assessed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and pH measurement. All specimens showed a pH of 3.0. The SEM showed increasing levels of erosion for longer periods of exposure time. Tiritón ice cream produces a much more acidic environment than the one required for starting enamel dissolution. This will later cause a higher vulnerability to caries and dental erosion than the reported in other candy. The images obtained through SEM clearly show the erosive effect caused by the effervescent acid powder for periods of exposure time shorter than a minute.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue visualizar el efecto erosivo sobre el esmalte dental humano del polvo ácido efervescente contenido en el helado Tiri¬tón (Nestle Savory, Vevey, Suiza). El potencial erosi¬vo del helado Tiritón, se determinó en condiciones in vitro sometiendo 5 cortes de esmalte, de 3 primeros molares permanentes sanos, provenientes de pacien¬tes sanos de la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello, sede Concepción. Las mues-tras fueron sometidas a la mezcla de saliva de una ¬niña sin incidencia de caries y el polvo efervescente contenido en el helado Tiritón, en 10, 20, 30 40 y 50 segundos, posteriormente se visualizó el efecto a través de microscopia electrónica de barrido (MEB) y medición del pH. Todos los especímenes presentaron un pH de 3,0. A través de MEB se observaron grados crecientes de erosión en función del tiempo. El helado Tiritón genera un medio ácido mucho mayor al necesario para el inicio de la disolución del esmalte lo que posteriormente provocará vulnerabilidad a la caries y a la erosión dental, superior al reportado en otras golosinas. Las imágenes obtenidas a través de MEB permitieron visualizar con claridad el efecto erosivo que se produce, por el polvo ácido eferves¬cente en tiempos de exposición menores al minuto.