RESUMO
Mirror foot, a form of polydactyly, is a rare congenital anomaly. In this form of congenital anomaly, there are several additional digits with accessory tarsal bones. It may be associated with fibular dimelia, tibial aplasia and tibial dysplasia. Cause of such anomaly is not known. On experimental basis it appears to involve ectopic SHH (Sonic hedgehog) signaling in the limb bud mesenchyme.
RESUMO
Cryptorchidism refers to hidden testicle. It is a clinical condition where one or both testicles have been retained from entering the scrotum during the later part of the foetal period. Along with irreversible damage at both gross and cellular levels there is impairment of endocrine and reproductive functions of the testicles. As the incidence of cryptorchidism is very low and previously reported research and data on comparative findings between cadaveric and cryptorchid testes in the state of Bihar was not available this study was undertaken.