Fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em universitários / Risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in university students

Estudo transversal cujo objetivo foi identificar a frequência de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em 206 acadêmicos de Enfermagem de uma instituição pública de ensino superior do Piauí. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário, além de medidas antropométricas e de pressão arterial. Realizou-se análise estatística por meio do teste de Pearson Chi-Square, com nível de significância em 5%. Da amostra, 75,2% eram mulheres, média de idade de 21,38 anos; 53,4% se declararam pardos; 95,6% solteiros; e 51% não moravam com a família; 87,4% pertencem às classes econômicas B e C. Verificou-se que 21,8% estavam com excesso de peso; 163 (79,1%) eram sedentários e apenas 3% fumantes. A obesidade central foi encontrada em 23,8% dos universitários, commaior proporção entre as mulheres. A frequência no consumo de bebida alcoólica e os níveis pressóricos elevados foram de 51,9% e9,7%, respectivamente, sendo ambas as variáveis maiores entre os homens. Considerando o conhecimento desses fatores de risco no grupo estudado, ressalta-se a necessidade de ações efetivas, tais como controlar o peso corporal e o uso do álcool, estimular a prática de atividade físicae controlar os níveis pressóricos.

Cross-sectional study aimed to identify the frequency of risk factors for chronic diseases in 206 nursing students of a public institution of higher education in Piauí. Data were collected through a form, as well as anthropometric measurements and blood pressure. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson Chi-Square test, with significance level of 5%. Most study individuals were women (75.2%); the mean age was 21.38 years; 53.4% stated they were browns; 95.6% were single; 51% did not live with the family; 87.4% are economically included in classes B and C. It was found that 21.8% were overweight; 163 (79.1%) were inactive; and only 3% were smokers. Central obesity was found in 23.8% of university students, with a higher proportion among women. The frequency of alcohol consumption and high blood pressure was 51.9% and 9.7%, respectively, and both variables were higher for men. Considering the knowledge of these risk factors we emphasize the need for more effective actions to control these factors in the study group, such as, controlling body weight and alcohol use, encouraging physical activity; and controlling blood pressure values.

Practice of physical activity on the part of adolescents attending public schools: a descriptive study

Objective: To determine the practice of physical activity on the part of adolescents from public schools in the city of Picos, Piauí. Methods: A descriptive study involving a sample of 145 adolescents of both genders aged 12 to 18 years. Data collection occurred from August to December 2010, using a specifically designed form. Results: Among the participants, 62.8% were female with average age of 14.8 years (± 3.19). It was observed that 49.7% of the participants were classified as physically inactive. Of these, 86.1% were female (p = 0.000), 58.3% were aged between 12 and 14 years, 8.3% had a high body mass index, 9.7% had altered glucose and 45.8% had high blood pressure. Discussion: Female and younger adolescents are more sedentary. This result is similar to the results of other studies on the same subject. Conclusion: The regular practice of physical activity offers many health benefits and can contribute to the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases.

An analysis of risk factors for arterial hypertension in adolescent students / Análise de fatores de risco para hipertensão arterial em adolescentes escolares / Análisis de los factores de riesgo para hipertensión arterial en adolescentes escolares

The objective of the study was to evaluate some risk factors for increases in systemic arterial blood pressure. This transversal study was carried out with 145 individuals from 12 to18 years of age at two state schools in the city of Pico in the state of Piauí in Brazil. The majority were female (62.8%). The median age was 14.8 years (±3.19). It was ascertained that 13 of the subjects (9.0%) were overweight [CI% 73.0-86.0]. Elevations in waist circumference were found in 31 (21.4%) and 76 (52.4%) had elevated arterial blood levels. There was no statistically-significant association between the above-cited risk factors and gender (p=0.088; 0.999; 0.204, respectively). However, 44.8% of the adolescents had at least one risk factor associated with arterial hypertension; 15.9% had two, and 2.1% had three. The study confirms the influence of the risk factors on arterial pressure values among adolescents. Being aware of these factors means that nurses can intervene with health education measures.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar alguns fatores de risco para aumento dos níveis de pressão arterial sistêmica. Trata-se de estudo transversal, desenvolvido com 145 indivíduos de 12 a 18 anos, de duas escolas públicas da cidade de Picos, PI. A maioria era composta por mulheres (62,8%). A média de idade foi de 14,8 anos (±3,19). Verificou-se que 13 (9,0%) apresentavam excesso de peso [IC% 73,0-86,0]. Elevações da circunferência abdominal foram encontradas em 31 (21,4%), e 76 (52,4%) tinham elevação nos níveis de pressão arterial. Não houve associação estatisticamente significante dos fatores de risco investigados citados anteriormente com o sexo (p=0,088; 0,999; 0,204, respectivamente). No entanto, 44,8% dos adolescentes tinham pelo menos um fator, 15,9% dois e 2,1%, três fatores associados indicativos de hipertensão arterial. Confirma-se a influência de fatores de risco sobre os valores da pressão arterial em adolescentes. Diante do conhecimento desses fatores, a enfermagem poderá intervir com medidas de educação em saúde.

El objetivo fue evaluar de los algunos factores de riesgo para aumento de los niveles de presión arterial sistémica. Estudio transversal con 145 personas de 12 a 18 años de dos escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Picos-PI. La mayoría eran mujeres (62,8%). La edad media fue de 14,8 años (±3.19). Se encontró 13 (9,0%) tenían exceso de peso [IC% 73,0 a 86,0]. Elevaciones de la circunferencia de cintura se encontraron en 31 (21,4%) y 76 (52,4%) con niveles elevados de presión arterial. No hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa de los factores de riesgo mencionados anteriormente investigado con el sexo (p=0,088, 0,999, 0,204, respectivamente). Sin embargo, 44,8% de los jóvenes tenían al menos un factor; 15,9% dos y 2,1% tres factores relacionados con la hipertensión. Confirma la influencia de factores de riesgo en los valores de presión arterial en la juventud. Delante del conocimiento de estos factores, la enfermería podrá intervenir con medidas de educación en salud.