RESUMO
Aim: Mango is a major fruit crop grown in India with wide variability for fruit colour, size, shape and fruit quality. The main objective of this study was profiling of mango genotypes and their genetic estimates for major biochemical compounds to identify superior genotypes as parents for developing nutritionally rich hybrids in future. Methodology: Fifty mango varieties were analysed for biochemical compounds such as total antioxidants, total phenols, total flavonoids and total carotenoids. The L*, a*, b* values were recorded for pulp colour, and genetic estimates were also worked for genetic parameters such as genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance. Correlation matrix for major biochemical compounds and L*, a*, b* values were also calculated. Results: The present study revealed the presence of wide genetic variability in mango gene pool for biochemical compounds and pulp colour. The total phenolics ranged from 24.44 to 148.33 mg 100g-1 of pulp, total flavonoids 10.33-49 mg 100g-1, total carotenoids 0.48-7.50 mg 100g-1 and total antioxidants 0.14-1.59 µmol Trolox 100g-1 of pulp. The future genetic estimates showed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for all the characters was slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), indicating the presence of environmental influence to some degree in the phenotypic expression of characters. However, the difference between PCV and GCV for all the traits was narrow suggesting that the traits were less influenced by environment. The broad sense heritability (H2b) for all the compounds was high which indicates the phenotype of that trait strongly reflects its genotype. Interpretation: High values of PCV, GCV and heritability for total antioxidants, total phenols, total flavonoids and total carotenoids indicated high genetic variability and better scope for selection and improvement through hybridization.
RESUMO
Background: Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage remains a major source of morbidity and mortality. Various agents have come into vogue to deal with this complication but none has shown any absolute results. We conducted this study to asses the effectiveness of intracisternal lavage of papavarine both prophylactically and therapeutically in a simple cost effective way. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients who were admitted at our institution between January 2002 and July 2003. Eighty five patients with anterior circulation aneurysmal bleed who underwent microsurgical clipping were divided into two groups. Group A: patients who received papavarine through a reservoir and Group B patients who did not receive papavarine. The location of aneurysm, timing of surgery , incidence and outcome of vasospasm were assessed in the patients in two comparable groups. Results: 13 por ciento of patients in Group A developed vasospasm whereas 38 por ciento of patients in Group B developed vasospasm. Symptoms of vasospasm reversed in all patients in Group A. There were 3 deaths in Group A but none where attributed to vasospasm. Four of seven deaths in Group B were attributed to consequence of vasospasm. Eleven patients who survived in Group B in spite of vasospasm had significant morbidity at the time of discharge. Conclusion: Intracisternal lavage with papavarine both prophylactically and theraputically can prevent and reverse vasospasm and this can be achieved by installing a simple reservoir. It is a cost effective and rapid bedside procedure for dealing with vasospasm