RESUMO
Pharmacological agents are used to reduce postoperative blood loss. To assess the effects of tranexamic acid on prevention of bleeding and requirement of blood transfusion after major hip and femoral surgeries. A prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted in the tertiary care teaching hospital. Ninety ASA grade I-II patients undergoing hip fracture surgery were included in this prospective study. Forty-five patients received tranexamic acid [TA] given in a bolus dose of 500 mg 15 min before surgical incision followed by continuous infusion. The remaining, 45 patients were allocated as a control group. Postoperative bleeding [volume of blood in the drain], percentage fall of hemoglobin, transfusions and complications were recorded. Mean volume of blood in the drain was 39.33 +/- 10.09 ml [mean +/- SD] as compared to 91.11 +/- 17.61 ml in placebo group showing a P<0.001. Mean percentage fall in Hb at day 0 was 2.99 +/- 3.45 in the study group as compared to 7.70 +/- 6.05 in the placebo group [P<0.001], and fall at day 2 in the study group was 0.35 +/- 0.74, compared to 2.72 +/- 2.70 in the placebo group [P<0.001]. The number of patients required blood transfusions were lower in the study group than in the placebo group [P=0.01]. We conclude that tranexamic acid significantly reduces postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements during major hip and femoral surgeries