Epidemiological Survey of Hemoglobinopathies Based on Next-Generation Sequencing Platform in Hunan Province, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study was aimed at investigating the carrier rate of, and molecular variation in, α- and β-globin gene mutations in Hunan Province.@*METHODS@#We recruited 25,946 individuals attending premarital screening from 42 districts and counties in all 14 cities of Hunan Province. Hematological screening was performed, and molecular parameters were assessed.@*RESULTS@#The overall carrier rate of thalassemia was 7.1%, including 4.83% for α-thalassemia, 2.15% for β-thalassemia, and 0.12% for both α- and β-thalassemia. The highest carrier rate of thalassemia was in Yongzhou (14.57%). The most abundant genotype of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia was -α 3.7/αα (50.23%) and β IVS-II-654/β N (28.23%), respectively. Four α-globin mutations [CD108 (ACC>AAC), CAP +29 (G>C), Hb Agrinio and Hb Cervantes] and six β-globin mutations [CAP +8 (C>T), IVS-II-848 (C>T), -56 (G>C), beta nt-77 (G>C), codon 20/21 (-TGGA) and Hb Knossos] had not previously been identified in China. Furthermore, this study provides the first report of the carrier rates of abnormal hemoglobin variants and α-globin triplication in Hunan Province, which were 0.49% and 1.99%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Our study demonstrates the high complexity and diversity of thalassemia gene mutations in the Hunan population. The results should facilitate genetic counselling and the prevention of severe thalassemia in this region.

Correlation between hyperuricemia and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between hyperuricemia and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Department of Neurology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Tranditional Chinese Medicine between January 2020 and September 2020 were enrolled retrospectively. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was used to evaluate the clinical outcome 3 months after the onset. ≤2 was considered as good outcome, and >2 was considered as poor outcome. The demography and baseline characteristics were compared between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of the outcome. Results:A total of 210 patients were included, their age was 69.87±62.62 years. There were 125 males (59.52%) and 85 females (40.48%). The baseline median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 4. The serum uric acid level in 169 patients (80.48%) was normal and 41 (19.52%) had hyperuricemia; 120 patients (57.14%) had a good outcome, and 90 (42.86%) had a poor outcome. Blood glucose level, serum uric acid level, baseline NIHSS score and the proportions of diabetes mellitus, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, hyperuricemia in the poor outcome group were significantly higher than those in the good outcome group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [ OR] 2.735, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.461-5.121; P=0.002), hyperuricemia ( OR 2.400, 95% CI 1.102-5.228; P=0.027), and higher baseline NIHSS score ( OR 1.233, 95% CI 1.118-1.360; P<0.001) were the independent risk factors for poor outcome in patient with acute ischemic stroke. Conclusion:Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for poor outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Epidemiological investigation on a cluster epidemic of COVID-19 in Taizhou， Zhejiang Province / 上海预防医学

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a family and workplace clustering of COVID-19， identify the source of infection and the transmission chain， and provide evidence for prevention and control of COVID-19 pandemic. Method:Field epidemiological method was used to conduct the investigation of confirmed cases and close contacts in this cluster. Data were analyzed with descriptive method. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR （RT-PCR） was used to detect the novel coronavirus nucleic acid in the collected respiratory tract samples. Results:A total of 18 epidemiological related cases were collected including 16 confirmed cases and 2 cases of asymptomatic infections. The involved places included 1 beauty clinic workplace and 3 families. Seven cases were males and 11 cases were females， with the minimum， maximum and median age of 3， 65 and 32 years old， respectively. Among them， the employees attack rate was 9.80% （10/102）， the family attack rate was 7.70% （5/78）， and the customer attack rate was 0.58% （1/173）. Positive nucleic acid test result in the respiratory tract sample of asymptomatic infection lasted for more than 2 months. Conclusions:The cause of this clustered COVID-19 epidemic is that the workplace environment is relatively closed with clustering crowds， and the source of imported infection is not discovered in time， which lead to a point-source outbreak and spread through family close contacts and clustering.

The serological and genetic identification of a CisAB blood sample / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To verify the DNA sequence of a sample serologically identified as CisAB.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forward and reverse group methods were used to determine the blood serological type of that the sample, and PCR-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method was used for genotyping the sample.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serologically, the forward group test showed that the sample was AB, while the reverse group test showed that the sample had the anti-B and anti-H + + +. The auto antibodies were negative. PCR-SSP assay showed the sample was CisAB01. ABO genetic locus sequencing showed c.261delG in exon 6, c.297 was homozygous AA. Mutations c.467C to T and c.803G to C were found in exon 7. A novel heterozygous mutation, c.724G to T, was detected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The serological phenotype of the specimen was CisAB. The genotype was ABO *CisAB01 and ABO *O01. A novel mutation c.724G to T in exon 7 was identified (GenBank accession no. JF304777).</p>

Effects of polydatin on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of three different doses of polydatin (PD) on pulmonary interstitial fibrosis in rats induced by bleomycin.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>One hundred and twenty-nine healthy Sprague-Dawley rats three months old, were randomly divided into six groups. Group A: normal control group; group B: model group treated with bleomycin (pretreatment with saline 1 mL x kg(-1) intraperitoneally before bleomycin); group C: PD 10 mg x kg(-1) (pretreatment with PD 10 mg x kg(-1) intraperitoneally before bleomycin); group D: PD 20 mg x kg(-1) (pretreatment with PD 20 mg x kg(-1) intraperitoneally before bleomycin); group E: PD 40 mg x kg(-1) (pretreatment with PD 40 mg x kg(-1) intraperitoneally before bleomycin), group F: dexamethason (DXM) treated group (pretreatment with saline 1 mL x kg(-1) intraperitoneally before bleomycin and then with DXM 1 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). At day 3, 7, 14, 28 after injection of bleomycin, eight rats in each group were randomly chosen to be killed. The right lungs of dead rats were removed and appropriately processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, histologically observed under light microscope. The hydroxyproline content and the PLA2 activity in pulmonary homogenate were measured with alkaline hydrolysis assay and acid modified microtitrimetic method. The levels of leukotriene C4 (LTC4), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>At day 3, 7, 14, 28 after intratracheal instillation of bleomycin in rats of group B, the PLA2 activity in lung homogenate and the levels of its metabolic products PGE2, LTC4 as well as TGF-beta1 in BALF increased significantly compared with those in group A (P < 0.01). And lung hydroxyproline concentration began to grow up markedly at day 7 compared with those in group A (P < 0.05), reaching its maximum at day 28. Compared with group B, three different doses of PD and DXM significantly reduced the activity of the PLA2 and hydroxyproline concentration in lung homogenate as well as the levels of PGE2, LTC4, TGF-beta1 in BALF at various periods (P < 0.05). There was statistically significant difference between three different doses of PD groups (P < 0.05). And the group E (PD 40 mg x kg(-1)) was lower than group D (PD 20 mg x kg(-1)), group D was lower than group C (PD 10 mg x kg(-1)) (respectively, P < 0.01). Group E and DXM group were no significant difference. However, all these observation parameters were higher than the normal level (compared with group A, P < 0.01). Histological studies revealed that it was showed less inflammation and a lower degree of fibrosis in the lungs treated with PD than bleomycin model group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PD has the protective effect on pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. However, it can't completely block the process of pulmonary fibrosis.</p>

Pharmacognostical identification of the leaf of Uncaria hirsuta Havil / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To perform a pharmacognostical study of the leaf of Uncaria hirsuta Havil.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The specimens of Folium Uncariae Hirsutae were collected for studying its characteristics, microscopic appearance and thin-layer chromatography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The leaf of Uncaria hirsuta Havil was characterized by numerous multicellular non-glandular hairs, 2 lines of palisade tissue, a diacytic type of stoma, and clustered crystals in its parenchyma. At least two kinds of alkaloids identical to the control were identified in the specimens.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results can be used as the evidence for identification, formulation of the quality-control standards as well as further utilization of Folium Uncariae Hirsutae.</p>

Clinical observation of mid-stage complications after cervical disc replacement / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the therapeutic experience of Bryan prosthetic cervical disc replacement at the 3rd years after operation and to analyze the clinical effect, incidence rate of heterotopic ossification, conditions of prosthetic fusion in order to investigate the countermeasures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From December 2005 to December 2008, 54 patients with cervical syndrome (34 males and 20 females, the age was from 39 to 69 years with an average of 50.5) were treated with single level Bryan prosthetic cervical disc replacement. The patients were followed for 24-36 months with an average of 30 months. The symptoms and nerve function were evaluated according to JOA and Odom's scoring. The anterior-posterior and lateral cervical X-ray films were also taken regularly every three months for the observation of heterotopic ossification and prosthetic fusion. Meanwhile, the X-ray films of the forward bending, extending, left and right lateriflection were taken before operation and at the 1st years after operation for the measurement of the stability and rang (ROM) of replaced levels.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The pain symptom and neurological function of all 54 patients were improved obviously. JOA score increased with an average of 76.1%, and ROM of replaced levels also improved obviously. The incidence rate of heterotopic ossification and prosthetic fusion went up year by year, 3.7% (2/54) for the first year, 16.7% (9/54) for the second year and 22.2% (12/54) for the nearly third year.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Bryan prosthetic cervical disc replacement has better mid-stage results than conventional methods. Modified surgical methods and early rehabilitation exercise may reduce the relatively high incidence rate of heterotopic ossification and prosthetic fusion.</p>

Effects of arsenic trioxide on apoptosis of peripheral T-lymphocytes from asthmatic patients and normal subjects in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of arsenic trioxide on apoptosis of peripheral T-lymphocytes from asthmatic patients and normal subjects in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The T-lymphocytes were isolated from the blood of 21 asthmatic patients and 20 healthy controls and treated with arsenic trioxide and dexamethasone. Cell apoptosis was observed by fluorescence microscope and measured with flow cytometry and Cytochrome C ELISA kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The T-lymphocytes from the asthmatic patients, when compared to those from of the healthy control, exhibited decelerated spontaneous apoptosis after a 24-hour incubation in vitro. Dexamethasone treatment significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic T-lymphocytes from both asthmatic patients and normal subjects in comparable magnitude. Arsenic trioxide treatment, in contrast, significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic T-lymphocytes from asthmatic patients, but slightly affected the cells from the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Spontaneous apoptosis of T-lymphocytes can be decelerated in asthmatic patients, whose T-lymphocytes are more sensitive to arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis than those of normal subjects, but the T-lymphocytes from normal subjects and asthmatic patients are equally sensitive to dexamethasone.</p>

Effect of Dansen injection on experimental emphysema in rabbits / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Dansen injection on the experimental emphysema in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Thirty-six rabbits were randomized into emphysema group (n = 12), Dansen injection treated group (n = 12) and alpha1-antitrypsin(alpha1-AT) treated group (n = 12). The animal model of emphysema was induced by intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase. Dansen injection and alpha1-ATwere instilled intratracheal in two treated group after 14 days with porcine pancreatic elastase, respectively, once a week, to continue for four weeks. The level of alpha1-AT in serum and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed in different times. The mean linear intercept value (MLIV) and the numbers of alveolar per square (NAPS) of all groups were compared after eight weeks with porcine pancreatic elastase.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The levels of alpha1-AT in BALF were significantly different between treated groups and emphysema group after two weeks treatment, alpha1-AT levels of treated groups were more increased than those of emphysema group (P < 0.01). The levels of alpha1-AT in serum were similar at same times in different groups (P > 0.05), but were great different in different times. The MLIV and the NAPS were significantly different from emphysema group to treated groups in sixth and eighth weeks (P < 0.01), there is no difference between dancen group and alpha1-AT group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of alpha1-AT in local pulmonary tissue could be improved by Dansen injection through intratracheal instillation during the information of emphysema in rabbits. The effect of Dansen injection and alpha1-AT on preventing formation of emphysema is similar.</p>

Role of arsenolite on 8-isoprostane of asthmatic mice plasm / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Through the establishment of mouse' ovalbumin- sensitized asthmatic model and the observation of the 8-Isoprostane of plasm, to evaluate the therapeutic effects of arsenolite on asthmatic mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Forty-two healthy Kunming male mice were randomly divided into control group and experience groups, the latter were treated with dexamethasone, arsenolite. Lung function were tested, 8-isoprostane of plasm and WBC of BALF were measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Lung function improved after treating with dexamethasone or arsenolite. The WBC of asthmatic mice were significantly higher than those in control group, and decreased after treating with dexamethasone or arsenolite; 8-Isoprostane of plasm in asthmatic mice was higher than that of control group, and decreased after treating with dexamethasone or arsenolite.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is oxidant stress status in asthmatic mice. Arsenolite could lighten airway obstruction, reduce airway high response and redress oxidant stress status in asthmatic mice.</p>

Study on detection of aberrant promoter hypermethylation of p16 and DAP kinase in serum DNA from patients with non-small cell lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To explore the feasibility of detection of aberrant methylaion of p16 and death-associated protein kinase gene as biological markers for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The methylation of p16 and death-associated protein kinase gene in serum and primary NSCLC tumors from 30 NSCLC patients was detected by using methylation-specific PCR methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Aberrant methylation of at least one gene was detected in 18 of 30 (60.0%) in NSCLC tumor tissues. In these primary tumors with methylation, 9 of 18 (50.0%) samples also was detected abnormal methylation in the matched serum samples, but not in any paired normal lung tissue and healthy control subjects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Detection of aberrant methylation in the serum of NSCLC patients may have implications for early diagnosis of NSCLC.</p>

Study on changes of bcl-2 expression in apoptosis of PGCl_3 cells induced by DAPK / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To investigate effect on bcl-2 and bax expression in apoptic PGCl_(3) cells and to study the mechanism of apoptosis of PGCl_(3) cells induced by death associated protein kinase(DAPK).Methods:Eukaryotic express vector pcDNA3.1-DAPK was tranfected into High-metastasis Non-small Lung Cancer Cell PGCl_(3).Changes of bcl2 and bax expression were detected with RT-PCR.Phospharation of Bcl-2 was examined with Westernblotting.Results:It was demonstrated that bcl-2 expression was down regulated,but bax expression did not change in apoptosis of PGCl_(3) cells induced by DAPK.Level of Phospharation of Bcl-2 increased.Conclusions:Apoptosis of PGCl_(3) cells induced by over-expression of DAPK may be associated with down regulating of bcl-2 expressio and increase of phospharation of Bcl-2.

Effect of polidatin on the activity of phospholipase A_2 and pulmonary structural remodeling in rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To study the relationship between the activity of phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) and pulmonary structural remodeling with the model of chronic isobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: 29 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, chronic hypoxic group and hypoxia plus Polidatin (PD) group. By diameter, the arteries were divided into two groups: arteries of group I (30 ?m-100 ?m) and group II (101 ?m-200 ?m). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery. The PLA 2 activity was measured with modified microtitrimetic method. The pulmonary tissue and arterioles morphology changes were examined under light microscope. RESULTS: It was found that after 21 days hypoxia, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), the PLA 2 activity in blood and lung homogenate increased significantly. The media thickness of group I arteries increased (P

Influence of Astragalus membranceus and mung bean on arsenolite-induced rats / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To investigate the effects of oral administration of Astragalus membranceus, mung bean and arsenolite on the toxic of the arsenolite induced rats and the possible mechanisms with metallothionein (MT). METHODS: All the rats were oral administration with arsenolite. The Astragalus membranceus and mung bean were compared with the cadmium chloride which induced MT synthesis. The contents of MT were determined by cadmium saturation method, the liver mRNA levels for MT 1, MT 2 were detected by RT PCR. The protective effects of renal and liver were observed by testing alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCR). RESULTS: The contents of MT were accorded with the mRNA expression of MT 1, MT 2. Arsenolite, Astragalus membranceus and mung bean could induce the synthesis of MT, but the contents of MT which arsenolite induced were trace. The contents of MT significantly increased after oral administration of Astragalus membranceus and mung bean, especially in the Astragalus membranceus group (P

Epidemiological features of 956 cases of patients needing emergency transport / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To study the epidemiological features of patients for emergency transport so as to enhance the control level of pre hospital emergency treatment. Methods Investigations were made of 956 cases of patients for emergency transport in the authors hospital in 2000～2001 and their epidemiological features analyzed. Results Among the 956 cases, males outnumbered females, patients within the age group of 20 to 39 numbered 391, accounting for 40.9%, and patients within the age group of 50 to 69 numbered 400, accounting for 41.8%. Of all the cases, ordinary ones numbered 671(70.2%),critical ones numbered 241(25.2%), and cases that died numbered 44(4.6%). The first three diseases demanding emergency transport were successively craniocerebral wound(17.4%), cerebrovascular disease(16.0%), and cardiovascular disease(13.5%). The periods for emergency transport ranged mainly from 9:00 to 12:00 and from 15:00 to 18:00. The sources of emergency cases were successively township hospitals(53.8%), hospitals at the county level(26.0%), and hospitals at the city level(20.2%). Conclusion Control of pre hospital emergency treatment needs to be strengthened according to the epidemiological features of patients for emergency transport.

Effects of polidatin on phospholipase A_2,nitric oxide and endothelin1 levels in serum and lung of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension rats / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To investigate the effects of polidatin on phospholipase A_2(PLA_2),nitric oxide(NO),and endothelin-1(ET-1) levels in serum and lung homogenate of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension rats.METHODS: 29 healthy Spraugue-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group,chronic hypoxic group and hypoxic plus polidatin group.The model of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was made by method of intermittent isobaric hypoxia for 21 days.The mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery.The ratio of right ventricular wall and that of left ventricular wall and ventricular septum weight(R/L+S) was measured as well.RESULTS: After exposed to hypoxia for 21 days,the mPAP,R/L+S,PLA_2 and ET-1 activities in blood and lung homogenate increased significantly. The NO concentration decreased significantly.Pretreatment with PD attenuated these changes mentioned above.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with PD effectively prevents the formation of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PLA_2 and ET-1 and promotion of NO production.

Determination of T cell cycle and the expression of bcl-2 in asthmatic mice and its significance / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To investigate the changes of T cell cycle, the expression of bcl-2 in allergic asthmatic mice and the effects of dexamethasone on them. METHODS: An animal model with asthma was established by means of ovalbumin sensitizing-challenging. CD3 expression in spleen and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), T cell cycle and Bcl-2 expression in spleen were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: In BALF lymphocytes and spleen lymphocytes, CD3 expression rate in the asthmatic group was significantly higher than that of control group. In BALF lymphocytes, CD3 expression rate in the asthma plus dexamethasone group was significantly lower than that of the asthmatic group. However, in spleen lymphocytes, CD3 expression rate in the asthma plus dexamethasone group was significantly higher than that of the asthmatic group. In spleen lymphocytes, the cell count in S phase, G 2+M phase and apoptosis rate of T cell from the asthmatic group were significantly higher than that from the control group. Cell count in S phase, G 2+M phase and apoptosis rate of T cell from the asthmaplus dexamethasone group was significantly lower than that from the asthmatic group. The Bcl-2 expression rate of T cell from the asthmatic group was significantly higher than that from the control group. CONCLUSIONS: In the allergic asthmatic mice model, T cell count, proliferation and activation of T cells, apoptosis rate of T cells in spleen lymphocytes increase, meanwhile bcl-2 expression also increases significantly. There was no significant effect of dexamethasone on the bcl-2 expression. The therapeutic effects of dexamethasone on asthma may be not due to the inhibition of the bcl-2 expression in T cells.

Inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide on the proliferation of airway fibroblast and the expression of c-myc and c-sis in vitro / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To study the effects of arsenic trioxide (As_2O_3) on mouse airway fibroblast (FB) proliferation and expression of c-myc and c-sis in cultured FB. METHODS: The cultured FB was divided into seven groups. NS, dexamethasone (1.0 ?mol/L) and As_2O_3 at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 ?mol/L were instilled respectively into cultured FB. The effects of different concentration of As_2O_3 and dexamethasone on cell growth were observed at 1, 3, 5 and 7 day. The changes of cell cycle and the positive expression rate of c-myc and c-sis were examined by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: Various concentrations of As_2O_3 significantly inhibited the proliferation of FB in vitro and showed a dose-dependent and time-dependent tendency. Data from FCM indicated that G_1-phase cell percentage increased and G_2/M-phase cell percentage decreased with the increase in As_2O_3 concentrations. The expression of c-myc and c-sis was significantly inhibited by As_2O_3 (2.0, 4.0 ?mol/L). CONCLUSION: As_2O_3 inhibits FB proliferation by downregulating the expression of c-myc and c-sis.