Practice and reflection of "Rain Classroom + QQ live teaching" in the teaching of obstetrics and gynecology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Taking the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology as an example, this paper expounds a series of practices of online education, in the process from pre-course training, platform selection, curriculum design, to student evaluation, etc. From that, we can provide a reference for carrying out online teaching in response to the epidemic for clinical medical colleges which have not been exposed to the online course. Furthermore, it is a new attempt to explore a way to make a change of the traditional teaching method and deepen the reform of clinical teaching in our hospital after the epidemic, not only in professional medical education, but also in the popularization of medical knowledge.

Aucubin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To investigate the effect of prophylactic aucubin (AU) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. 
 Methods: Male BABL/c mice were randomly divided into a control group, an ALI group, and an AU treatment group, 16 mice in each group. ALI mice were injected with LPS (5 mg/kg, intratracheal injection), and AU (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min ahead. After LPS injection for 6 hours mice were sacrificed, the morphological changes of lung tissues were detected by HE staining and the lung injury score was obtained. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in lung tissue was detected by real-time PCR. The total protein and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, the cell count, and the protein content of TNF-α and IL-10 in the mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected.
 Results: Compared with ALI mice, the pathological damage score of lung tissue was significantly reduced in the AU group, the total number of BALF cells, neutrophils, and macrophages were significantly decreased, LDH activity and the total protein content were also significantly decreased (all P<0.01). In addition, AU can reduce the mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α in lung of ALI mice, and increase the mRNA and protein expression of IL-10 (all P<0.01).
 Conclusion: AU can reduce LPS-induced ALI in mice.

Vascular endothelial growth factor antibody attenuates diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain in rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To explore the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain in rats.
 Methods: Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8 per group). The control group (C group): rats were intraperitoneally injected with sodium citrate solution at 10 mL/kg; the model group (M group): rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin at 65 mg/kg; the treatment group (T group): rats received intraperitoneal injection of anti-VEGF antibody (10 mg/kg) at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 10th day after STZ treatment. Meanwhile, rats of C and M group were received with the same volume of sodium citrate solution. Blood glucose was measured before 1 day or at the 1st, 3rd, 7th or 14th day after receiving STZ. Body weight, paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were measured before 1 day or at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th or 14th day after receiving STZ. All lumbar spinal cords were dissected to examine the p-protein kinase B (p-Akt) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression by Western blot.
 Results: After injection with STZ, the body weight showed significant differences at some time point between the M, T or C group (P<0.01); body weight of rat in the C group were increased gradually. Compared with the C group, the fast blood glucose in the M or the T Group at the same time points were increased significantly (P<0.01). The PWMT and PWTL of the M, T or C group were significant difference among various time points (P<0.01). The PWMT and PWTL in the M or T group were obviously reduced compared with those in the C group (P<0.01). Compared with the M group, the PWMT and PWTL in the T group were increased at the 10th or 14th day (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared with the C group, the p-Akt and TRPV1 levels in the M and T group were increased (P<0.01). Compared with the M group, p-Akt and TRPV1 levels in T group were decreased (P<0.01).
 Conclusion: VEGF is able to regulate the expression of TRPV1 through PI3K/Akt pathway, which contributes to diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain in rats. Anti-VEGF treatment may be useful for alleviation of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.

Relationship between VEGF and ERK signaling pathway in spinal dorsal horns of rats with neuropathic pain / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in spinal dorsal horns of rats with neuropathic pain.Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2 months,weighing 160-320 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =5 each):sham operation group (group S); chronic constrictive injury (CCI) group; normal saline group (NS group); VEGF antibody group.Neuropathic pain was induced by CCI.The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10％ chloral hydrate 350 mg/kg.The left sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1 mm intervals.In group S,the left sciatic nerve was only exposed but not ligated.In VEGF antibody group,VEGF antibody 0.3μg/15 μl was injected intrathecally every 2 days for 4 times starting from 2 h after CCI,while the equal volume of normal saline was injected in NS group.Paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation (PWMT) and paw withdrawal latency to nociceptive thermal stimulation (PWTL) were measured at 1 day before CCI (T1),and 1,3,5 and 7 days after CCI (T2-5).The rats were sacrificed after PWMT and PWTL were measured and the L4-6 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) expression in spinal dorsal horns by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Compared with group S,PWMT and PWTL were significantly decreased at T2-5,and the p-ERK expression in spinal dorsal horns was up-regulated in CCI and VEGF antibody groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with CCI group,PWMT and PWTL were significantly increased at T3-5,and the p-ERK expression in spinal dorsal horns was down-regualted in VEGF antibody group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion VEGF in the spinal dorsal horn is involved in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain in rats through activating ERK signaling pathway.

The safety study of low central venous pressure used in the elderly under hepatic resections / 中国医师杂志

Objective To observe the change of early postoperative cognition in the elderly under low central venous pressure (LCVP) after lobe resection to investigate the safety and feasibility of LCVP in Geriatrics.Methods A total of 45 ASA class Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ old patients (60 ～ 75 y)with elective liver resection were divided into L group and C group.In the LCVP group (L group),CVP was maintained below 5 cmH2O during liver resection until the lobe was done.The patients in the control group (C group) received standard care (The CVP was controlled between 6 cmH2O to 12 cmH2O).To compare the anesthesia recovery after surgery,all patients were tested with a battery of neuropsychologic assessment of cognitive function preoperatively and on the 7th day postoperatively.Results During liver resection,the MAP [(75.8 ±7.9)mmHg] and CVP [(3.1 ±0.4)cmH2O] of experimental group were lower than the control group [MAP (92.3 ± 10.6)mmHg,CVP(9.3 ± 1.4)cmH2O].The difference was statistically significant (t' =20.08,P ＜0.05,t =5.89,P ＜0.01) ;There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative recovery of spontaneous breathing,respiratory,eye opening time,extubation time and leave the operating room time between two groups[(18.1 ±6.7)min,(25.4±8.3)min,(31.9±11.7)min,(42.8±17.8)minvs (15.3 ± 7.0)min,(22.6 ±9.4)min,(30.2 ± 10.8) min,(45.4 ± 13.6) min,P ＞ 0.05].The incidence of POCD was 30.0％ in the experimental group and 27.3％ in the control group.The difference was no statistical significance between two groups(P ＞0.05).Conclusious There was no significant influence of low central venous pressure on anesthesia recovery time and early postoperative cognition in the elderly under hepatic resections.