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Background: Prostate is fibromusculoglandular organ encircling the neck of the urinary bladder, Benign prostate hyperplasia, prostate carcinoma and prostatitis are three pathologic processes which frequently affect the prostate gland. Prostatic enlargement causes urinary symptoms of static (hesitancy, retention) and dynamic (urgency, dribbling) nature. PSA is a glycoprotein which is expressed by both normal and neoplastic prostate tissue. PSA is used widely as a screening tool for carcinoma prostate. Gleason's microscopic grading is a paramount feature and with PSA are important for diagnosis, management, and prognosis of carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to frame evidence based PSA levels for various prostatic lesions. This prospective study was done on total 50 samples. The samples taken were bothMethod: transurethral resection of prostate and prostatic biopsies. All were grossed, sectioned, stained using H & E, viewed under microscope and graded by Gleason's scoring. Total 50 samples were studied, out of which 46 were benign and 4Result: malignant. Mean age of the cases was 63.13 years. 8% patients had PSA values more than 20 ng/ml. PSA isConclusion: specific for prostate and is one of the best screening tools available for early detection of prostate cancer as it is a well accepted, simple, safe and cost effective method. The early diagnosis of clinically significant cancer obtained by evaluation of PSA levels helps in immediate and effective treatment
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Novel corona virus epidemic started in Dec 19 in Wuhan, China and soon it spread globally and became an international emergency Our objective was to study the role of hematological and biochemistry markers in assessing the disease severity and prognosis of laboratory confirmed, hospitalized Covid 19 patients. 130 patients were included in this cross- sectional retrospective study and divided into mild/moderate and severe/critical group. Correlation analysis was done for laboratory biomarkers.We found that mean age, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), S. ferritin, urea, uric acid, D-dimer and S.creatinine of severely ill patients were significantly higher than those of patients with non-severe illness. Leucopenia and neutropenia were also associated with disease severity. Males were affected more than females with both mild and severe illness. Following parameters like S. Ferritin, LDH, TLC, neutrophil % can help in identifying the progression of disease from mild to severe and help in adopting appropriate measures in the management so that progression can possibly be prevented. Rising levels of some parameters like D.dimer, urea, uric acid and creatinine also help in explaining the prognosis of patient.
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MSMEs are defined in different ways in different parts of the world. In some countries, they are defined in terms of assets, while few countries use employment as a parameter for defining MSMEs. The MSME sector is responsible for about 40 per cent of the exports and 45 per cent of the total manufacturing output of the country. Today, it accounts for nearly 35% of the gross value of output in the manufacturing sector and over 40% of the total exports from the country. The MSME sector has grown rapidly over the years. The growth rates during the various plan periods have been very impressive. MSMEs not only play crucial role in providing large employment opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost than large industries but also help in industrialization of rural and backward areas, thereby, reducing regional imbalances, assuring more equitable distribution of National Income and wealth. Though, the contribution of MSMEs in any economy cannot be overlooked but MSMEs face several constraints and barriers. The main constraint that MSMEs face today is getting timely access to finance. The researcher tries to analyze the various constraints that the MSMEs are facing today. The paper has been prepared on the basis of available literatures. The present research paper reveals that there is a substantial amount of gap in the overall finance for the MSME sector.