Epithelial transformation sequence 2 affecting the in vitro metastatic activity of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells by regulating the expression of p33 inhibitor growth-1 / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the effects of epithelial transformation sequence 2(ECT2)and p33ING1 on the metastatic activity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)cells.Methods The expressions of ECT2 and p33ING1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.Human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line KYSE140 cells were divided into 4 groups:blank group,negative control(pcDNA 3.1 NC)group,overexpression group(pcDNA 3.1 ECT2)and inhibited expression group(si ECT2).MTT assay and cell colony formation assay were used to study the proliferation and growth ability of cells,Transwell assay and scratch assay used to study the invasion and migration ability of cells,and flow cytometry used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle,Western blotting used to detect the effect of ECT2 on p33ING1 protein.Results ECT2 expression increased and p33ING1 expression decreased in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues.Overexpression of ECT2 significantly increased the growth,colony formation,migration and invasion abilities of KYSE140 cells,and decreased the apoptosis rate and p33ING1 expression of KYSE140 cells.In addition,inhibition of ECT2 expression could reverse the above changes.Conclusion The high expression of ECT2 can promote the growth and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma KYSE140 cells and inhibit their apoptosis.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of p33ING1 expression by ECT2.

Current status of standards and national supervision and sampling inspection of disposable sterile urethral catheter / 医疗卫生装备

The disposable sterile urethral catheter was described in terms of the current status of the standards of foreign countries and China and its regulation and registration.The national supervision and sampling inspection and exploratory research of the disposable sterile urethral catheter in 2018,2019 and 2021 were introduced,and the problems found and the causes were analyzed and then the countermeasures were proposed accordingly.References were provided for guiding and standardizing the development of catheter products industry.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(1):84-88]

Advances in anticoagulant therapy for cirrhosis combined with atrial fibrillation / 中华肝脏病杂志

Relevant research in recent years has demonstrated that the atrial fibrillation occurrence rate is significantly higher in patients with cirrhosis. The most common indication for long-term anticoagulant therapy is chronic atrial fibrillation. The use of anticoagulant therapy greatly reduces the incidence rate of ischemic stroke. Patients with cirrhosis combined with atrial fibrillation have an elevated risk of bleeding and embolism during anticoagulant therapy due to cirrhotic coagulopathy. At the same time, the liver of such patients will go through varying levels of metabolism and elimination while consuming currently approved anticoagulant drugs, thereby increasing the complexity of anticoagulant therapy. This article summarizes the clinical studies on the risks and benefits of anticoagulant therapy in order to provide a reference for patients with cirrhosis combined with atrial fibrillation.

Analysis of curative effect and short-term survival rate of plasma exchange and double plasma molecular adsorption combined with half-volume plasma exchange in the treatment of liver failure / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To investigate how plasma exchange (PE) and double plasma molecular adsorption combined with half-volume plasma exchange (DPMAS + half-volume PE) affect the curative effect and short-term survival rate in liver failure. Methods: Data from 181 cases of liver failure caused by different etiologies from January 1, 2017 to September 31, 2020, were selected. Patients were divided into a PE treatment alone group and a DPMAS + half-dose PE treatment group. The laboratory indicators with different models of artificial liver before and after treatment and the survival rates of 7, 14, 28, and 90 days after discharge were observed in the two groups. Measurement data were analyzed by t-tests and rank sum tests. Categorical data were analyzed by χ (2) test. Results: Non-biological artificial liver therapy with different models improved the liver and coagulation function in the two groups of patients with liver failure (P < 0.05 in PTA% intra-group). The coagulation function was significantly improved in the PE treatment alone group compared with that in the DPMAS + half-dose PE group [PT after treatment: (20.15 ± 0.88) s in the PE treatment alone group, (23.43 ± 1.02) s, t = -2.44, P = 0.016 in the DPMAS+half-dose PE group; PTA: 44.72% ± 1.75% in the PE treatment alone group, 35.62% ± 2.25%, t = 3.215 P = 0.002 in the DPMAS + half-dose PE group]. Bilirubin levels were significantly decreased in the DPMAS+half-dose PE group compared to the PE treatment alone group [total bilirubin after treatment: (255.30 ± 15.64) μmol/L in the PE treatment alone group, (205.46 ± 9.03) μmol/L, t = 2.74, P = 0.07 in the DPMAS + half-dose PE group; direct bilirubin after treatment: (114.74 ± 7.11) μmol/L in the PE treatment alone group, (55.33 ± 3.18) μmol/L, t = 7.54, P < 0.001) in the DPMAS + half-dose PE group]. However, there was no significant effect on leukocytes and neutrophils after treatment with different models of artificial liver (P > 0.05) in the two groups, and platelets decreased after treatment, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (t = -0.15, P = 0.882). The inflammatory indexes of the two groups improved after treatment with different models of artificial liver (P < 0.05], and the 28 and 90 d survival rates were higher in the DPMAS+half-dose PE group than those of the PE treatment alone group (28 d: 60.3% vs. 75.0%, χ (2) = 4.315, P = 0.038; 90 d: 56.2% vs. 72.5%. χ (2) = 10.355 P < 0.001). DPMAS + half-dose PE group plasma saving was 1385 ml compared with PE treatment alone group (Z = -7.608, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Both DPMAS+half-dose PE and PE treatment alone have a certain curative effect on patients with liver failure. In DPMAS+half-dose PE, the 28-day survival rate is superior to PE treatment alone, and it saves plasma consumption and minimizes blood use in clinic.

Research progress on the role of type II innate lymphoid cells in liver diseases / 中华肝脏病杂志

Type II innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) is a newly identified innate immunological cell that belongs to the lymphocyte lineage in cell morphology, resides in the body's mucosal tissues, and has the dual functions of innate and adaptive immunity to promote tissue remodeling and repair after injury. Additionally, it is involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of liver diseases and plays an important role in maintaining the immunological homeostasis of the liver region. This article reviews the differentiation, development, and biological functions of ILC2, with particular attention to the research progress in liver diseases.

Vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D training technology for the treatment of amblyopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the effect of vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D technology training for the treatment of amblyopia.METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 102 children with amblyopia who attended the clinic from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected, and they were randomly assigned into two groups by computer, with 51 cases in each group. Control group received stereoscopic 3D technology training, while observation group participated in vision therapy system 4D on the basis of control group. Then the overall effective rate, binocular visual function, spherical equivalent(SE), axial length(AL), mean corneal curvature(Km), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and visual evoked potential were compared between two groups.RESULTS: The overall efficacy rate was 94.1% in observation group, which was obviously higher than control group(74.5%; P&#x003C;0.05). The improvement in binocular vision parameters simultaneous perception, total fusion, and stereoacuity were all more remarkable in observation group than in control group(P&#x003C;0.05). The △SE, △AL and △Km yielded no statistical difference between two groups(P&#x003E;0.05). The latency of two spatial frequencies(1°grid and 15'grid)showed a decline in both groups, and the decline was more notable in observation group than in control group(P&#x003C;0.05). In both groups, BCVA improved, and the improvement was more significant in observation group compared with control group(P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: Application of vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D technology training for amblyopia can effectively ameliorate the visual acuity, promote the reconstruction of simultaneous perception, total fusion, and stereoacuity without additional risk of myopic shift, and improve visual pathway function in children.

Lower Baseline LDL Cholesterol Affects All-cause Mortality in Patients with First Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Foreign studies have reported that coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with high baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) may have a good prognosis, which is called the "cholesterol paradox". This study aimed to examine whether the "cholesterol paradox" also exists in the Chinese population.@*METHODS@#A total of 2,056 patients who underwent the first percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2014 and 2016 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study and classified into two groups based on baseline LDL-C = 2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL). The outcomes of interest included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality, recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction, unexpected coronary revascularization, or any nonfatal stroke.@*RESULTS@#All-cause mortality occurred in 8 patients (0.7%) from the low-LDL-C group and 12 patients (2.4%) in the high-LDL-C group, with a significant difference between the two groups (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.030, 95% confidence interval: 1.088-14.934; P = 0.037). However, no significant differences existed for the risk of MACE or other secondary endpoints, such as unexpected revascularization, nor any nonfatal stroke in the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#In this study, a high baseline LDL-C was not associated with a low risk of clinical outcomes in CAD patients undergoing first PCI, which suggested that the "cholesterol paradox" may be inapplicable to Chinese populations.

Effect of transmembrane protein 45A on extracellular matrix synthesis by keloid-derived fibroblasts / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To determine the expression of transmembrane protein 45A (TMEM45A) in keloid tissues and fibroblasts, and to evaluate its effect on extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis by keloid-derived fibroblasts (KFs) .Methods:Samples of surgically excised keloid and normal foreskin tissues were collected from the Department of Dermatology and Department of Urology of Yanbian University Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020, and TMEM45A protein expression was determined in keloid tissues and KFs by Western blot analysis. KFs were divided into TMEM45A-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) group and control siRNA group to be transfected with the TMEM45A-specific siRNA and control siRNA respectively. Then, Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of down-regulation of the TMEM45A gene on the expression of myofibroblast marker protein (α-smooth muscle actin) and ECM-related proteins.Results:Compared with normal skin tissues (1.00 ± 0.11) and fibroblasts (1.00 ± 0.20), TMEM45A expression levels significantly decreased in keloid tissues (0.26 ± 0.05) and KFs (0.41 ± 0.09), respectively ( t = 10.76, 4.75, P < 0.001, = 0.009, respectively). The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin, ECM-related type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen, and fibronectin were significantly higher in the TMEM45A-specific siRNA group than in the control siRNA group ( t = -5.98, -4.57, -4.90, -7.19, P = 0.004, 0.010, 0.008, 0.002, respectively) . Conclusion:Lowly expressed TMEM45A in keloids may play an important role in the pathogenesis of keloids by promoting ECM synthesis.

Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 in GABAergic Neurons in the Rostral Anterior Insular Cortex Contributes to the Analgesia Following Common Peroneal Nerve Ligation / 神经科学通报·英文版

The rostral agranular insular cortex (RAIC) has been associated with pain modulation. Although the endogenous cannabinoid system (eCB) has been shown to regulate chronic pain, the roles of eCBs in the RAIC remain elusive under the neuropathic pain state. Neuropathic pain was induced in C57BL/6 mice by common peroneal nerve (CPN) ligation. The roles of the eCB were tested in the RAIC of ligated CPN C57BL/6J mice, glutamatergic, or GABAergic neuron cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) knockdown mice with the whole-cell patch-clamp and pain behavioral methods. The E/I ratio (amplitude ratio between mEPSCs and mIPSCs) was significantly increased in layer V pyramidal neurons of the RAIC in CPN-ligated mice. Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition but not depolarization-induced suppression of excitation in RAIC layer V pyramidal neurons were significantly increased in CPN-ligated mice. The analgesic effect of ACEA (a CB1R agonist) was alleviated along with bilateral dorsolateral funiculus lesions, with the administration of AM251 (a CB1R antagonist), and in CB1R knockdown mice in GABAergic neurons, but not glutamatergic neurons of the RAIC. Our results suggest that CB1R activation reinforces the function of the descending pain inhibitory pathway via reducing the inhibition of glutamatergic layer V neurons by GABAergic neurons in the RAIC to induce an analgesic effect in neuropathic pain.

Application of Tranexamic Acid in Shoulder Arthroscopic Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To explore the optimal administration route of tranexamic acid (TXA) in shoulder arthroscopic surgery. Methods Patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were randomly divided into four groups: control group (without TXA treatment), intravenous group (TXA was intravenously administered 10 minutes before surgery), irrigation group (TXA was added to the irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty), and intravenous plus irrigation group (TXA was applied both intravenously and via intra-articular irrigation). The primary outcome was visual clarity assessed with visual analog scale (VAS) score, and the secondary outcomes included irrigation fluid consumption and time to subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure. Results There were 134 patients enrolled in the study, including 33 in the control group, 35 in the intravenous group, 32 in the irrigation group, and 34 in the intravenous plus irrigation group. The median and interquartile range of VAS scores for the intravenous, irrigation, and intravenous plus irrigation groups were 2.70 (2.50, 2.86) (Z = -3.677, P = 0.002), 2.67 (2.50, 2.77) (Z = -3.058, P < 0.001), and 2.91 (2.75, 3.00) (Z = -6.634, P < 0.001), respectively, significantly higher than that of the control group [2.44 (2.37, 2.53)]. Moreover, the control group consumed more irrigation fluid than the intravenous group, irrigation group, and intravenous plus irrigation group (all P < 0.05). The intravenous plus irrigation group consumed less irrigation fluid than either the intravenous group or the irrigation group (both P < 0.001). There was no difference in subacromial decompression and acromioplasty operative time among the four groups. Conclusion TXA applied both topically and systematically can improve intraoperative visual clarity, and the combined application is more effective.

Comparison with efficacy and safety of the treatment with different operation approach under nasal endoscope in benign maxillary sinus lesions / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To explore the validity and security of treatment of different operation approach under nasal endoscope in patients with benign maxillary sinus lesions.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients with benign maxillary sinus lesions diagnosed and treated from January 2020 to January 2022,and they were divided into group A(n = 40)and group B(n = 40)according to the operative method.Group A was treated with middle nasal meatus combined with Caldwell-Luc operation under nasal endoscope,and group B was treated with middle nasal meatus antrostomy first and anterior lacrimal recess approach later under nasal endoscope.The clinical efficacy,operation index,visual analogue scale(VAS),Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score,adverse reactions and recurrence rate of both groups were compared before and after operation.Results The total effective rate was sensibly higher in group B than that in group A,the intraoperative blood loss was sensibly less in group B than that in group A,the operation and hospitalization time were sensibly shorter in group B than those in group A,6 months after operation,the VAS and Lund-Kennedy scores were sensibly decreased in comparison with those before operation,and group B was sensibly decreased in comparison with those in group A,the total incidence rate of adverse reactions and recurrence rate were sensibly lower in group B than those in group A,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The surgical treatment of patients with benign maxillary sinus lesions through the middle nasal meatus and the anterior lacrimal recess approach under nasal endoscope is effective and can relieve the pain of patients with high safety.It is worthy of clinical application.

Oxidosqualene cyclases in triterpenoids biosynthesis: a review / 生物工程学报

Triterpenoids are one of the most diverse compounds in plant metabolites, and they have a wide variety of physiological activities and are of important economic value. Oxidosqualene cyclases catalyze the cyclization of 2, 3-oxidosqualene to generate different types of sterols and plant triterpenoids, which is of great significance to the structural diversity of natural products. However, the mechanism of the diversified cyclization of 2, 3-oxidosqualene catalyzed by oxidosqualene cyclases remains unclear. This review summarized the research progress of oxidosqualene cyclases from the aspects of catalytic function, molecular evolutionary relationship between genes and proteins, protein structure, molecular simulation and molecular calculations, which may provide a reference for protein engineering and metabolic engineering of triterpene cyclase.

E sports and depression, opportunities and challenges: rational thinking based on adolescent health and exercise intervention / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Teen E sports and their negative impact should not be underestimated. The effects of gaming, as an emerging sport, should be examined to determine whether it plays an active role in contributing to the onset of adolescent depression. Therefore, this study outlines the development status of E sports, analyzes the influence of E sports on adolescent depression, and highlights the hidden concerns that E sports pose for the mental health development of adolescents. While taking into account the advantages of E sports and exercise intervention programs, an emphasis should be placed on the prevention of depression, and feasible suggestions and countermeasures should be put forward to promote E sports, while at the same time safeguarding the healthy and orderly development of adolescent mental health.

Comparison of planting modes of Dendrobium huoshanense and analysis of advantages of simulated cultivation / 中国中药杂志

Dendrobium huoshanense is a precious medicinal plant belonging to Dendrobium of Orchidaceae. It is a special medicinal material and extremely scarce in Huoshan county, Anhui province. At present, D. huoshanense has been greatly protected, which also makes it possible to industrialize relying on tissue culture and artificial cultivation technology. Three main planting methods were utilized for cultivating D. huoshanense including facility cultivation, under forest cultivation and simulative habitat cultivation. Firstly, the three cultivation modes and technical characteristics of D. huoshanense were compared and analyzed, and it was found that the ecological environment of D. huoshanense cultivated in the simulated environment was closer to that of wild D. huoshanense. Secondly, based on comparing the characters and quality of three cultivation modes, the results showed that the shape of D. huoshanense cultivated in simulated environment was more similar to that of "grasshopper thigh" recorded in Bencao Jing Jizhu, and its quality was better than that of facilities and under forest cultivation. The comprehensive benefit comparison of three modes showed that the simulated cultivation had high income, the lowest input-output ratio and significant economic benefit. The quality of cultivated D. huoshanense was further evaluated from four aspects of "excellent environment" "excellent shape" "high quality" "excellent effect", which summarized the comprehensive advantages of simulative habitat cultivation of D. huoshanense as follows: the original habitat and site environment of simulated wild D. huoshanense, the closer shape to the wild, the more content of main medicinal components, and higher economic benefit and better efficacy. The quality of D. huoshanense was improved by the use of simulative habitat cultivation, which has practical significance to guide its large-scale cultivation.

Synthetic biology for the synthesis of mogroside V - a review / 生物工程学报

Mogroside V, a component with high content and sweetness in mogrosides, has many pharmacological activities such as relieving cough, reducing sputum, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, regulating blood sugar, making it a natural nonsugar sweetener with therapeutic functions, and showing a broad market prospect. However, the limited resources and high extraction costs have restricted its widespread use. The rapid development of synthetic biology has provided a new idea for the production of plant natural products. The low-cost and large-scale production will be realized through the construction of a microbial cell factory for mogroside V. Here, we briefly introduce the structure and pharmacological activity of mogroside V, and review progress in applying synthetic biology for its synthesis, and also discuss the challenges faced by the current research, to provide a reference for further studies on the biosynthesis of mogroside V.

Predicting the number of visceral leishmaniasis cases in Kashgar, Xinjiang, China using the ARIMA-EGARCH model

Objective: To forecast the visceral leishmaniasis cases using autoregress integrated moving average (ARIMA) and hybrid ARIMA-EGARCH model, which offers a scientific basis to control visceral leishmaniasis spread in Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang, China. Methods: The data used in this paper are monthly visceral leishmaniasis cases in the Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang from 2004 to 2016. The sample data between 2004 and 2015 were used for the estimation to choose the best model and the sample data in 2016 were used for the forecast. Time series of visceral leishmaniasis started on 1 January 2004 and ended on 31 December 2016, consisting of 1 790 observations reported in Kashgar Prefecture. Results: For Xinjiang, the total number of reported cases were 2 187, the male-to-female ratio of cases was 1:1.42. Patients aged between 0 and 10 years accounted for 82.72% of all reported cases and the largest percentage of visceral leishmaniasis cases was detected among scattered children who accounted for 68.82%. The monthly incidences fitted by ARIMA (2, 1, 2) (1, 1, 1)

Comparison of effects of spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To compare the effects of spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement.Methods One hundred and four elderly patients of both sexes,aged ≥ 60 yr,with body mass index of 18.5-24.0 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective unilateral hip replacement,were randomized into 2 groups (n =52 each) using a random number table method:general anesthesia group (group G) and spinal anesthesia group (group S).Total intravenous general anesthesia was adopted to maintain the bispectral index value at 40-60 during surgery in group G.In group S,spinal anesthesia was applied by injecting 0.5％ bupivacaine 1.5-3.0 ml at the L3-4 vertebral interspace,and the level of anesthesia was regulated and maintained at T10.Mini-Mental State Examination scale was used to evaluate the cognitive function on 1 day before surgery (T0) and 7 days after surgery (T,).Difference value method,1 standard deviation method and Z score method were applied to diagnose postoperative cognitive dysfunction.Patients' spouses in two groups were recruited as control group (group C) according to the Z-scoring method.Results There were 47 and 49 cases in G and S groups,respectively,and 33 cases in group C.Compared with group C,the memory score was significantly decreased at T1 (P＜0.01),and no significant change was found in group S (P＞0.05).The memory score was significantly higher at T1in group S than in group G (P＜0.01).There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction between group G and group S (P＞0.05).Conclusion Spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia exerts no effect on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement.

Investigation and Analysis of Medication Information Labeling in 157 Package Inserts of Anticancer Drugs / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To investigate and analyze medication information labeling in package inserts of anticancer drugs， and to provide reference for clinical rational use. METHODS： The package inserts of anticancer drugs were collected from drug catalogues of 3 Third Grade Class A hospitals in Nanjin. Common problems of drug package inserts （whether the main contents arweree contradictory or not and whether the contents were fully expressed， etc.）， complete specific labeling items （detailed contents of “ADR” “contraindication” “precautions” and other items）， detailed intravenous injection dispensing guidance （solvent selection， precautions during dispensing， etc.）， package insert labeling difference of drugs with same general name and route of administration were evaluated according to Drug Package Inserts and Label Management Regulation，Regulations for Chemical Drugs and Biological Products for Treatment. RESULTS： A total of 157 package inserts for anticancer drugs were collected and divided into domestic drugs （80 pieces） and imported drugs （77 pieces） according to the source as well as also divided into oral preparation （44 pieces） and injection （113 pieces）. The common problems of package inserts for anticancer drugs contained contradictory main contents， incomplete description， Chinese character errors， missing items and simple description of drug interactions， etc. Compared with domestic or oral anticancer drugs， the labeling rate of each item in the import or injection anticancer drug package inserts was higher， but specific labeling items such as prevention and treatment of vomiting （＜20％） under “precautions” and interference of drugs on clinical tests （＜40％） were lower. The labeling rate of serious ADR after large dose or long-term use was all less than 41％ under the item of “drug overdose” （except for imported drugs）. The labeling rate of intravenous dispensing guidance of imported anticancer drug injection package inserts about preparations was higher than that of domestic ones. There were differences in labeling items as “precautions” （30/56，53.57％）， “pharmacological toxicology” （29/56，51.79％）， “contraindication” （26/56，46.43％） among 56 groups of drug package inserts with same general name and route of administration. CONCLUSIONS： The labeling items for drug package inserts of anticancer drugs need to be further standardized and improved. It is recommended that the relevant departments force pharmaceutical manufacturers to regularly supplement the deficiencies in the package inserts to improve the safety of drug use in clinic.

Neuroprotective Effect of Tetrahydroxy Stilbene Glucoside on Aβ25-35-induced Neuron Synapses via CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of tetrahydroxy stilbene glucoside (TSG) on β-amyloid protein 25-35 (Aβ25-35)-induced neuron synapses damage. Method: Primary neurons were isolated and purified from cerebral cortex of suckling mouse. Then neurons were divided into control group, model group (incubation with Aβ25-35) and TSG groups (after incubation with Aβ25-35, add 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μmol·L-1 TSG). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) methods were used to observe the viability of neuron, immunocytochemical staining was performed to determine the expressions of synapsin-1 (SYN-1), and the concentration of postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin (SYP) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the level of CREB, Phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) and BDNF proteins were determined by immunocytochemical staining or Western blot (WB). Result: Compared with normal group, the cell survival rate of model group was significantly reduced, LDH release was significantly increased (PPPPPPP-1,25 μmol·L-1 TSG can significantly enhance the expression of SYN-1(PPPPConclusion: TSG possesses the neuroprotective effect on Aβ25-35-induced neuron synapses, the mechanism may be associated with the activation of CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.

Effects of stellate ganglion block on attention and executive function in middle-aged and elderly patients after surgery / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of stellate ganglion block(SGB)on attention and executive function in middle-aged and elderly patients after surgery.Methods Middle-aged and elderly patients aged 55-75 years who underwent hip replacement surgery under lumbar anesthesia were randomized into a control group and an SGB group.Patients in the SGB group received ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block 30 min before surgery,and patients in the control group were given no additional treatment before surgery.All patients were tested with a modified version of the Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A)and a modified version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)1 day before surgery and 7 days after surgery.The Z-score method was used to diagnose postoperative attention and/or executive function impairment.Results The modified versions of TMT-A and SDMT had good reliability and validity among Chinese middle-aged and elderly people aged 55-75 years.Age was the main influencing factor for the two tests,and their two parallel versions had good alternate-form reliability.There was no significant difference between the control group and the SGB group in scores of modified TMT-A and SDMT at 7 days after surgery(P＞0.1).However,the incidence of attention and/or executive function impairment was lower in the SGB group than in the control group(19.3％ vs.36.6％,P＜0.05).Conclusions The modified TMT-A and SDMT have good reliability and validity among Chinese middle-aged and elderly people aged 55-75 years.Preoperative SGB may protect attention and executive function in middle-aged and elderly patients.