Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery for painless anesthesia: a literature review

Local anesthesia is administered to reduce pain during dental treatments, but may itself cause pain and contribute to increased dental fear. Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) is one the method to reduce patient pain during local anesthesia; it is a device that slowly administers anesthetics by using a computerized device to control the injection speed. This literature review aims to provide an objective assessment of the usefulness of CCLAD for controlling pain by reviewing papers published to date that have used CCLAD.

Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery for painless anesthesia: a literature review

Local anesthesia is administered to reduce pain during dental treatments, but may itself cause pain and contribute to increased dental fear. Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) is one the method to reduce patient pain during local anesthesia; it is a device that slowly administers anesthetics by using a computerized device to control the injection speed. This literature review aims to provide an objective assessment of the usefulness of CCLAD for controlling pain by reviewing papers published to date that have used CCLAD.

Management of hyperthyroid patients in dental emergencies: a case report

The prevalence of thyroid disease, particularly hyperthyroidism, has rapidly increased in Korea in the past 10 years. Therefore, it is important to consider the complete medical history including thyroid disease in patients under dental treatment. Both the drugs used for dental treatment and psychological symptoms associated with treatment can induce emergencies in hyperthyroid patients. This case report considers emergency situations during dental treatment for hyperthyroid patients, and discusses risk factors and related concerns.

Management of hyperthyroid patients in dental emergencies: a case report

The prevalence of thyroid disease, particularly hyperthyroidism, has rapidly increased in Korea in the past 10 years. Therefore, it is important to consider the complete medical history including thyroid disease in patients under dental treatment. Both the drugs used for dental treatment and psychological symptoms associated with treatment can induce emergencies in hyperthyroid patients. This case report considers emergency situations during dental treatment for hyperthyroid patients, and discusses risk factors and related concerns.

Protective dental splint for oroendotracheal intubation: experience of 202 cases

BACKGROUND: Dental injury as a result of oroendotracheal intubation during general anesthesia is very common. We report our experiences of using mouthguard to prevent dental injury during intubation based on our protocol. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled patients referred for preanesthetic evaluation, those patients with a history of any of the dental treatments to their anterior teeth listed on our fabrication protocol from January 1, 2009 to June 30, 2010. RESULTS: No cases of dental trauma during oroendotracheal intubation were reported among the 202 patients who used a protective device. 66% of the patients had risk factors for hard tissue damage aged 10-40 years. At the ages of 40-70 years, the incidence of risk group for periodontal damage was higher. CONCLUSIONS: Preanesthetic consultation was effective for preventing dental injury, so preanesthetic questionnaire and proper dental consultation would be helpful.

An esthetic appliance for the management of crown-root fracture: a case report

Orthodontic extrusion is usually performed by means of a fixed orthodontic appliance that utilizes arch wire attached to adjacent teeth and transfers the desired force by elastic from the wire to the root. However, clinicians often encounter cases where the bonding required for tooth traction is not possible because the adjacent teeth have been restored with ceramic or veneer. The purpose of this case report is to describe a modified orthodontic extrusion appliance that is useful when conventional orthodontic treatment is not possible. The modified appliance was fabricated using an artificial tooth, clear plastic sheeting, and a braided fiber-reinforced composite strip that covered adjacent teeth without bonding. It satisfied the esthetic and functional needs of the patient and established the optimal biologic width.

Radiographic assessment of clinical root-crown ratios of permanent teeth in a healthy Korean population

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the absolute value of the root/crown ratio (R/C ratio) using panoramic radiographs (PRGs) in a healthy Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 99 patient radiographs (of 50 males and 49 females subjects; aged 16 to 24 years old) were examined, and 2,770 teeth were analyzed. Crown lengths and root lengths were measured with modified Lind's measurements using PACS tools by two examiners in two separate sessions two months apart. All data were analyzed using SPSS. The independent t-test was used to assess for gender differences, and the paired t-test was used to compare both arches with a significance level of P<.05. RESULTS: The mean R/C ratios varied from 1.29 to 1.89 (male: 1.28-1.84; females: 1.31-1.94). The highest R/C ratios were recorded for the mandibular canines (1.89), followed by the maxillary canines (1.79). The lowest R/C ratios were recorded for the maxillary second molars (1.31). In comparison with the maxillary teeth (1.29-1.78), the mandibular teeth yielded the higher R/C ratio (1.47-1.89), and this difference was significant in the females (P<.05). The difference between the genders was not statistically significant, except for the maxillary central incisors, mandibular canines and mandibular first premolars. CONCLUSION: These data may enhance the understanding of the clinical R/C ratio as a useful guideline for determining the status of teeth and the ethnic difference.

Clinical assessment on application of Er:Cr:YSGG laser in dentinal hypersensitivity reduction / 대한구강보건학회지

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Er:Cr:YSGG laser therapy on the reduction of dentinal hypersensitivity while taking into account the length and depth of the cervical abrasion. METHODS: We included adults (age, 20-60 years) with at least 2 hypersensitive teeth. The hypersensitive teeth were stimulated with a pressure-indicating probe and an air syringe. The response of the subjects to this stimulation was quantified using a visual analog scale (VAS) and Schiff air sensitivity score. The patients were treated at baseline, immediately after laser treatment, and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the Er:Cr:YSGG laser therapy. The results were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's post hoc test. RESULTS: The values of tactile test and air blast test showed statistically significant differences between the following time points: baseline and immediately after laser treatment, baseline and first week after treatment, and immediately after laser treatment and first week after treatment (P0.05). The depth and width of the cervical abrasion was not statistically significant in dentinal hypersensitivity reduction (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of Er:Cr:YSGG laser therapy reduced dentinal hypersensitivity, especially immediately after laser treatment. The depth and width of the cervical abrasion is not statistically significant in dentinal hypersensitivity reduction.

Alternative impression technique for multiple abutments in difficult case to control

BACKGROUND: Even though excellent impression materials are now available for making accurate replication for hard and soft tissue, the numerous dentists have faced lots of obstacles in making simultaneous impressions of multiple abutments. CASE DESCRIPTION: This article describes a modified method of tray fabrication using auto-polymerizing acrylic resin and impression technique for multiple prepared teeth in cases with limitations and difficulties in taking dental impressions. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: This segmental tray technique has several advantages, including higher impression quality, fewer impressions, and being more comfortable for the patient and less stressful for the clinician.

OCCLUSAL FORCE AND ORAL TACTILE SENSIBILITY MEASURED IN PARTIALLY EDENTULOUS PATIENTS WITH BR NEMARK IMPLANTS AND NATURAL TEETH: A CLINICAL STUDY / 대한치과보철학회지

During the previous several decades the osseointegrated implants have been considered as the most ideal therapy for the fully edentulous or partially edentulous patients. Although the research on the biocompatibility of osseointegration, the oral tactile function, and the histo-neurologic study had been performed, the change of the oral tactile sensibility and maximal occlusal force according to the postinsertion time of implant prostheses has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to compare the oral tactile sensibility and maximal occlusal force of implant prostheses to natural teeth according to the specific postinsertion time intervals. The fifty seven patients treated with Br adegreenemark implants during the recent seven years were involved in this study. The oral tactile sensibility and maximal occlusal force were measured according to the postinsertion time (o6 months, o12 months, o18 months o24 months, and o25 months) 1.The passive tactile threshold of implants was higher than 6-7 times when comparing to natural teeth(P<0.05). 2.The absolute pressure threshold in horizontal and vertical direction for the passive tactile sensibility had decreased significantly in the post insertion time 13-18 months group and had increased significantly in the post insetion time over 25 months group (P<0.05). 3.50% limit thickness and 100% absolute thickness for the active tactile sensibility had decreased significantly in the postinsertion time 7-12 months group (AT50 : P<0.005, AT100: P<0.05) 4.The maximal occlusal force of the implants prostheses had decreased when comparing with natural teeth in the postinsertion time 1-6 months group(P<0.05) and after that there was no significant difference between the implant prostheses and natural teeth(P<0.05). 5.Maximal occlusal force according to the postinsertion time had increased significantly in the 13-18 months group (P<0.05),after that there was no significant difference. 6.There was positive correlation between age and oral tactile sensibility tested in horizontal and vertical direction (PH:r=0.39, PV:r=0.41) and there was no correlation between age and maximal occlusal force, age and active tactile sensibility 7.According to the results or the questionnaire, 76.6% of the patients were satisfied with the function and 96.7% of the patients were satisfied with the sensibility. In conclusion oral tactile sensibility and maximal occlusal force of implants have changed with the postinsertion time. Oral tactile function of implants was lower than that of the natural teeth, but for the maximal occlusal force there was no difference between implants and natural teeth.