Defecography in patients with anorectal disorders: a study in 27 cases.

Defecography of twenty-seven cases of anorectal disorders with an age range from 22 to 86 years, were evaluated from June 1989 to February 1999. There were 24 patients with constipation, 2 patients with incomplete defecation and mucous bloody stool in one case. The defecographic results were analyzed regarding the following 1) anorectal angle, defined both at rest and straining 2) abnormalities of the rectal configuration during straining, including rectocele, intussusception, infolding and ulceration. 3) pelvic floor descent. The results showed abnormal anorectal angle 5 cases, rectocele 15 cases, intussusception of the rectal wall 3 cases, infolding 11 cases, ulceration 7 cases and anal canal constriction 1 case. Consequently, the patients with anorectal disorders were found to have a variety of rectal abnormalities in which the defecography would be the imaging tool in demonstrating them.

Imaging of benign papillary neoplasm of the breast: mammographic, galactographic and sonographic findings.

We have retrospectively reviewed the mammographic, galactographic and sonographic findings of our 15 patients with histologically proved benign papillary neoplasm of the breast. Ten (67%) of 15 patients had breast masses and central location in 8 cases. We analyzed the mammographic findings in aspect of number, contour, outline, location, density, calcification and associated disease. Mammographic findings showed a mass in 10 cases (67%) and dense breasts in 5 cases (33%). The almost masses were round (6 in 10 cases) and solitary (9 in 10 cases). None of them had calcification. Ten of 15 cases who had nipple discharge had galactogram performed. The galactographic findings showed abnormal intraductal filling defect (s) in all 10 cases, and duct dilatation in 3 cases (30%). Sonography was performed in all cases. Sonographic findings were cystic mass with intramural nodule in 6 cases (40%), solid mass in 4 cases (27%), single duct dilatation at subareolar area with intraechoic nodule in 2 cases (13%) and was negative in 3 cases (20%).

Radial scar with microcalcification mammographic-pathologic correlation: case report.

Radial scar, a descriptive term for a pathologic lesion, is composed of central area of fibroelastosis and distorted ducts, and peripheral zone of intraductal hyperplasia. This lesion often presents as a spiculated lesion, sometimes with microcalcifications, on mammography which may mimic malignancy such as tubular carcinoma. We report a case of radial scar with clustered microcalcifications incidentally found in the screened mammogram.

Hemophiliacs bone pseudotumors.

Four cases of proved hemophiliac pseudotumors caused by intraosseous bleeding are reported. Five lesions were found at the uncommon locations involving the cranial vault, mandible, phalanx, distal femur and distal tibia. The conventional radiographic and computed tomographic findings are expansile osteolytic destruction, cortical thinning, partial breaking cortex or pathological fracture, and sometimes associated soft tissue mass. Ultrasonographic feature of one case at the phalanx shows cortical expansion and thinning contained mixed echogenicity in the medullary canal with soft tissue extension. T99m DTPA of one case at the distal femur shows increased vascular flow and uptake at right distal tibia and left distal femur.

Prolactin cell carcinoma of the pituitary.

Two patients with malignant prolactinoma are reported. The diagnosis of malignancy depends on the demonstration of invasion of brainstem and subarachnoid space and on the presence of marked cellular pleomorphism and mitotic activity. Review of the literature revealed that such malignant tumors were more common in men than in women. The most frequency intracranial sites of metastases were frontal and occipital lobes, and cerebellum. The possibility of radiation-induced carcinomatous transformation is discussed.