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Danggui Buxuetang， derived from Clarifying Doubts about Damage from Internal and External Causes （Volume 2）： Treatise on Heat Injury to Stomach Qi（《内外伤辨惑论卷中·暑伤胃气论》） by LI Dongyuan in the Jin and Yuan dynasties， is a classic and famous formula for tonifying qi and generating blood that has been inherited and promoted by successive generations of medical practitioners and has been included in the "Catalogue of Ancient Classical Prescriptions （First Batch）" published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018. The paper analyzed the historical origin， composition， dosage， processing， preparation， decocting， and taking methods， efficacy， and application of the classic formula Danggui Buxuetang by consulting ancient and modern literature and combining the key information examination principles of ancient classic prescriptions. A total of 604 pieces of information on relevant ancient literature were collected， including 186 ancient Chinese medical books， of which 40 （five in the Jin and Yuan dynasties， 19 in the Ming Dynasty， and 16 in the Qing Dynasty） had detailed records of composition， processing， and dosage. Danggui Buxuetang is mainly comprised of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix. According to the ancient and modern dose conversion， there are 37.3-38.1 g of Astragali Radix and 7.5-7.6 g of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in the formula. Astragali Radix is preferably fried with honey and Angelicae Sinensis Radix with wine. Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix are decocted with 600 mL of water to 300 mL， and taken warm before meals. The main effect of this formula are described in ancient books as blood deficiency and fever， with symptoms of muscle fever， dryness and heat， irritability and thirst， red eyes and face， sleeplessness in daytime and night， and surging and feeble pulse which is weak under hard pressing， and it is a famous formula for replenishing qi and generating blood. Modern research shows that Danggui Buxuetang is commonly used in the treatment of various kinds of anemia， diabetic nephropathy， tumors， and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The above research results can provide a reference for the subsequent development and research on the classic formula Danggui Buxuetang.
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Objective:To investigate the effect and necessity of fine operation on the improvement of the preparation outcome of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) intravenous infusion for injection.Methods:The detailed refinement of the preparation method in the specification of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection was developed. The fine operation of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection mainly consists of two parts: The mixing method of solvent and drug: including syringe needle length into drug vial, solvent injection speed, state of drug waiting for dissolution, and the shaking speed of the drug vial. The method of extracting the dissolved liquid in the drug vial and injecting it into a 100 ml sterile empty 0.9% sodium chloride injection bottle: including the speed of refilling the 100 ml sterile empty 0.9% sodium chloride injection bottle, and restoring the pressure balance inside and outside the infusion bottle. The effect of fine operation on the preparation of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection was evaluated by comparing the production of foam and the preparation time before and after the implementation of fine operation.Results:Before and after the implementation of fine operation, the foaming rate of the foam in the drug vial decreased from 28.57% (10/35) to 12.50% (12/96), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 4.471, P=0.029); and the foaming rate of the mixed liquid from the drug vial into the 100 ml sterile empty 0.9% sodium chloride injection bottle decreased from 46.15% (6/13) to 9.09% (3/33), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 8.140, P value was 0.004); and the preparation time of single drug was reduced by 3.37 minutes after the implementation of fine operation, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 79.744, P<0.05). Conclusion:The preparation method of fine operation of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection is operable, safe and reliable. After implementation, it can effectively reduce the production of foam in the drug vial and infusion bottle, improve the stability of drug preparation, shorten the preparation time, and ensure the safe, timely and effective medication for patients.
RESUMO
Objective To explore the possibility of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement as the carrier for lipophilic drugs through in vitro cytotoxicity study and molecular modeling with PMMA and 17-allylamino-17-demethoxy-geldanamycin (17-AAG) loaded PMMA bone cement.Methods The 17-AAG loaded bone cement was made by mixing method.In vitro antitumor activity with MTT assay for PMMA,17-AAG,the 24 h and 48 h released solution of 17-AAG loaded PMMA bone cement were evaluated.Through Material Studio 5.0,the interaction between 17-AAG and PMMA through the model of Amorphous Cell and energy optimization of Forcite was explored.Results The inhibition ratio of MMA for tumor cells is 9.21％±0.06％ with 50 μmol/L.The 24 h released solution of 17-AAG loaded PMMA bone cement (17-AAG∶ PMMA=1∶ 4 000) inhibits the tumor cells 66.15％±0.43％ which has a quick released influence on 17-AAG.The inhibition of 24 h released solution of 17-AAG-loaded PMMA bone cement (17-AAG∶PMMA=1 ∶ 1 000,1∶2 000) shows no significance compared with PMMA released solution (P＜0.05).The 48 h released solution of 17-AAG-PMMA (17-AAG∶ PMMA=1∶ 1 000,1∶2 000,1∶4 000) inhibits U26630.25％±4.47％,30.24％±3.42％,50.52％±5.20％,with a significant difference with PMMA.The molecular model showed that the interaction between 17-AAG and PMMA was van der Waalz bonds,which drove 17-AAG inside or on the surface of PMMA bone cement.Conclusion PMMA bone cement can be used as a carrier for lipophilic drugs.It has antitumor activity and influences the release of 17-AAG with different ratio,for example it has a sustained-released influence on 17-AAG in 17-AAG-PMMA (17-AAG∶PMMA=1 ∶ 1 000,1∶2 000).Molecular model implies that 17-AAG exists inside or on the surface the PMMA bone cement through van der Waalz bonds.