RESUMO
Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad del desinfectante LopHene ST mediante el método de placas de contacto. Métodos: se tomó 1 mL de la suspensión de los microorganismos de referencia (bacterias, levadura y un hongo filamentoso) y se esparció sobre una superficie de material análogo al material donde se aplica el desinfectante. En posiciones aleatorias en réplicas de tres, se realizó el muestreo de superficie con placas de contacto que contenían agar triptona soya y sabouraud dextrosa agar, más neutralizante. Se incubaron a 32 ± 2 ºC de 3 a 5 días y 22 ± 2 ºC de 5 a 7 días, según tipo de microorganismo a ensayar. Se contaron las unidades formadoras de colonias en las placas (control positivo). Sobre una superficie de igual dimensión, se aplicó el desinfectante preparado (concentración: 4 %) con 10 min de exposición. Se procedió de igual manera que con el control positivo, se tomó como criterio de aceptación una reducción del número de microorganismos en al menos 3 logaritmos. Resultados: los tres lotes evaluados mostraron que el desinfectante redujo la concentración de las bacterias en un rango de 4,60 a 7,20 logaritmos. Para la levadura la reducción fue de 4,70 a 5,40 logaritmos y para el hongo filamentoso ensayado los valores estuvieron entre 4,10 y 5,50 logaritmos. Conclusiones: el desinfectante LopHene ST es eficaz frente a las cepas de microorganismos ensayadas en el tiempo evaluado y a la concentración probada; con esto se confirma su capacidad bactericida y fungicida bajo las condiciones estudiadas. Además se demuestra que el método empleado resulta válido para el análisis de la efectividad de los lotes de desinfectante evaluados, al mostrar la reducción de las colonias.
Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of disinfectant LopHene ST by contact plates method. Methods: one ml of the suspension of reference microorganisms (bacteria, yeast and a filamentous fungus) was taken and spread over a surface made of a material similar to that in which the disinfectant was applied. At random positions and in three replications, the surface was sampled by the contact plates method containing Tryptone Soy Agar and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plus neutralizing substance. Microorganisms were incubated at 32 ± 2 ºC for 3 to 5 days and at 22 ± 2 ºC for 5 to 7 days, depending on the type of microorganism to be tested. Colony-forming unit on the plates (positive control) were counted, then the prepared disinfectant (4 % concentration) was used over an equal sized area during 10 minutes. The procedure was exactly the same as in the positive control; a reduction of the number of microorganisms by at least 3 logarithms, was adopted as acceptance criteria. Results: the disinfectant reduced the bacterial concentration in a range from 4.60 to 7.20 logarithms for the three tested batches. In the case of yeast, reduction was 4.70 to 5.40 logarithms and for the filamentous fungus, the reduction ranged from 4.10 to 5.50 logarithms. Conclusions: LopHene ST disinfectant is effective for the tested microorganism strains in the evaluated time lapse and at the tested concentration. This confirms the bactericidal and fungicidal capacity of this product under the studied conditions. It was also shown that the method is valid for the analysis of effectiveness of the evaluated disinfectant batches since the colonies were reduced.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein predicts cardiovascular events in a wide range of clinical contexts. However, the role of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a predictive marker for perioperative acute myocardial infarction during noncardiac surgery is not yet clear. The present study investigated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels as predictors of acute myocardial infarction risk in patients undergoing high-risk noncardiac surgery. METHODS: This concurrent cohort study included patients aged >50 years referred for high-risk noncardiac surgery according to American Heart Association/ACC 2002 criteria. Patients with infections were excluded. Electrocardiograms were performed, and biomarkers (Troponin I or T) and/or total creatine phosphokinase and the MB fraction (CPK-T/MB) were evaluated on the first and fourth days after surgery. Patients were followed until discharge. Baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were compared between patients with and without acute myocardial infarction. RESULTS: A total of 101 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, including 33 vascular procedures (17 aortic and 16 peripheral artery revascularizations), were studied. Sixty of the patients were men, and their mean age was 66 years. Baseline levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were higher in the group with perioperative acute myocardial infarction than in the group with non-acute myocardial infarction patients (mean 48.02 vs. 4.50, p = 0.005). All five acute myocardial infarction cases occurred in vascular surgery patients with high CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing high-risk noncardiac surgery, especially vascular surgery, and presenting elevated baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels are at increased risk for perioperative acute myocardial infarction.