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Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 51(2): e1727, abr.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408805

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: La COVID-19 ha producido un incremento en los índices de mortalidad. Uno de los principales grupos de riesgo lo constituyen las personas con hipertensión arterial. Objetivo: Explorar las reacciones de ansiedad y miedo ante la COVID-19 en adultos con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial. Métodos: Se empleó un diseño cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo mediante cuestionarios, en 400 adultos hipertensos. El muestreo fue no probabilístico e intencional. Se emplearon The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale y The Fear of COVID-19 Scale. El procesamiento se realizó mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS-25/Windows, a partir de análisis de frecuencia. Se aplicó la prueba T para muestras independientes y se calcularon los tamaños de efecto. Se empleó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: Se encontraron bajos niveles de ansiedad ante la COVID-19; y moderados y bajos niveles de miedo. Los índices de ansiedad y miedo ante la COVID-19 fueron superiores en el sexo femenino. Los adultos que presentaron otras enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles fueron quienes exhibieron mayores niveles de miedo y ansiedad ante la COVID-19. Se encontraron asociaciones entre el miedo y la ansiedad ante la COVID-19. La presencia de otras afecciones crónicas se relacionó con las manifestaciones de ansiedad y miedo ante la COVID-19. Conclusiones: No hubo signos clínicos de ansiedad y miedo asociados a la COVID-19 en pacientes con hipertensión arterial.


ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 has produced an increase in mortality rates. One of the main risk groups is made up of people with high blood pressure. Objective: To explore the anxiety and fear reactions to COVID-19 in adults with a diagnosis of arterial hypertension. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive design was used through questionnaires in 400 hypertensive adults. The sampling was non-probabilistic and intentional. The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale and The Fear of COVID-19 Scale were used. Processing was carried out using the SPSS-25 / Windows statistical package, based on frequency analysis. The T test was applied for independent samples and effect sizes were calculated. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. Results: Low levels of anxiety were found in the face of COVID-19; and moderate and low levels of fear. The anxiety and fear indexes before COVID-19 were higher in the female sex. Adults with other chronic noncommunicable diseases were those who exhibited the highest levels of fear and anxiety about COVID-19. Associations were found between fear and anxiety about COVID-19. The presence of other chronic conditions was related to manifestations of anxiety and fear in the face of COVID-19. Conclusions: There were no clinical signs of anxiety and fear associated with COVID-19 in hypertensive patients.

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