RESUMO
Objective:The nasal swell body（NSB） consists of the nasal septal cartilage, nasal bone, and swollen soft tissue, all of which are visible during endoscopic and imaging examinations. Although the function of the NSB remains uncertain, there is evidence to suggest that it plays a vital role in regulating nasal airflow and filtering inhaled air. Based on anatomical and histological evidence, it is hypothesized that the NSB is indispensable in these processes. This study aims to investigate the impact of NSB on nasal aerodynamics and the deposition of allergen particles under physiological conditions. Methods:The three-dimensional （3D） nasal models were reconstructed from computed tomography （CT） scans of the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity in 30 healthy adult volunteers from Northwest China, providing basis for the construction of models without NSB following virtual NSB-removal surgery. To analyze the distribution of airflow in the nasal cavity, nasal resistance, heating and humidification efficiency, and pollen particle deposition rate at various anatomical sites, we employed the computed fluid dynamics（CFD） method for numerical simulation and quantitative analysis. In addition, we created fully transparent segmented nasal cavity models through 3D printing, which were used to conduct bionic experiments to measure nasal resistance and allergen particle deposition. Results:①The average width and length of the NSB in healthy adults in Northwest China were （12.85±1.74） mm and （28.30±1.92） mm, respectively. ②After NSB removal, there was no significant change in total nasal resistance, and cross-sectional airflow velocity remained essentially unaltered except for a decrease in topical airflow velocity in the NSB plane. ③There was no discernible difference in the nasal heating and humidification function following the removal of the NSB; ④After NSB removal, the deposition fraction（DF） of Artemisia pollen in the nasal septum decreased, and the DFs post-and pre-NSB removal were（22.79±6.61）% vs （30.70±12.27）%, respectively; the DF in the lower airway increased, and the DFs post-and pre-NSB removal were（24.12±6.59）% vs （17.00±5.57）%, respectively. Conclusion:This study is the first to explore the effects of NSB on nasal airflow, heating and humidification, and allergen particle deposition in a healthy population. After NSB removal from the healthy nasal cavities: ①nasal airflow distribution was mildly altered while nasal resistance showed no significantly changed; ②nasal heating and humidification were not significantly changed; ③the nasal septum's ability to filter out Artemisia pollen was diminished, which could lead to increased deposition of Artemisia pollen in the lower airway.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Cavidade Nasal/cirurgia , Alérgenos , Pólen , Artemisia , HidrodinâmicaRESUMO
【Objective】 To study the expressions of BMAL1 and CerbB-2 genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and their related mechanisms. 【Methods】 Plasmid transfection, MTT, RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the proliferation of NPC cells, the expressions of BMAL1 and CerbB-2 genes and proteins, and the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway. 【Results】 The MTT results showed that BMAL1 and CerbB-2 could affect the proliferation of NPC cells. RT-PCR results showed that BMAL1 gene was significantly down-regulated in NPC (CK: 2.24±0.22, NPC: 0.63±0.11, P<0.01), while CerbB-2 gene expression was significantly up-regulated (CK: 0.89±0.13, NPC: 2.65±0.25, P<0.01). The p50 and p65 genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway were up-regulated in NPC cells (p50, CK: 0.48±0.12, NPC: 1.45±0.25; p65, CK: 0.52±0.12, NPC: 2.33±0.35, P<0.01). The results of Western blotting were consistent with gene expression, which further confirmed the reliability of the results. 【Conclusion】 This study reveals that BMAL1 and CerbB-2 regulate the invasion and metastasis of NPC cells through the inflammatory pathway NF-κB, providing further theoretical support for the treatment and prevention of NPC.
RESUMO
Purpose At present,morphological observation and CT value measurement were mainly used to evaluate ground-glass nodule (GGN),and there was no effective image feature-quantization evaluation method.Therefore,in this study,a follow-up quantization analysis was conducted on GGN within 2 years using texture feature analysis method to confirm reasonable GGN follow-up time.Materials and Methods Baseline and highresolution CT images of 100 GGN follow-up patients were retrospectively analyzed.They were assigned into three groups,3 months follow-up (group A),6 to 12 months follow-up (group B) and 2 years follow-up (group C).For each group,using firstly founded GGN image as baseline,GGN texture features (including energy,contrast,autocorrelation,inverse difference moment and entropy) were analyzed.Results There were 1 case of narrowed nodules in group A,1 case of increased nodules and 1 case of narrowed nodules in group B,and 4 cases of increased nodules in group C,2 of which showed density differences.There was no significant change in shape,density and size of the remaining nodules.There were no significant differences in texture features (energy,contrast,autocorrelation,deficit,entropy) among group A,group B and group C (P＞0.05).Conclusion Texture feature analysis can quantitatively evaluate the change of GGN attribute characteristics,and as a GGN follow-up quantitative tool,it can guide patients to choose reasonable follow-up mode.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the difference of texture on conventional T2-weighted image (T2WI) between hepatic cyst and hepatic hemangioma. Methods All the subjects included 156 patients with hepatic cyst [A group:100 cases with equi or low signal on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI);B group:56 cases with high signal on DWI] and 100 patients with hemangioma (C group). Conventional magnetic resonance imaging T2WI,DWI and dynamic contrast enhancement were performed on all the patients,and the texture analysis was applied with the images of T2WI,and the texture parameters included angular second moment,contrast,correlation,inverse difference moment,and entropy. Independent sample t-test and Aspin-Welch test were performed for the comparisons among groups. Results All the texture parameters showed significant difference among groups [(A+B) group vs. C group:P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000,<inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="Mml1-1000-503X-39-2-169"><mml:mtable frame="none" columnlines="none" rowlines="none"><mml:mtr><mml:mtd><mml:maligngroup/><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">inverse difference moment</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:mtd></mml:mtr></mml:mtable></mml:math></inline-formula>=0.822,P=0.000;A group vs. C group:P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.092,P=0.000;B group vs. C group:P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.046,P=0.009],and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that contrast and correlation had high differential diagnostic values between hepatic cyst and hemangioma. Conclusion Hepatic cyst and hemangioma present evident different texture characteristics,and the texture analysis may be considered as a simple and effective tool in the differential diagnosis between hepatic cyst and hemangioma based on the images of T2WI.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of perforated bovine amnion combined with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF) on degree Ⅱ burn wounds.METHODS: A total of 43 patients with small and medium-size thermal burn were collected, and the area of testing wound was 1% -2%. The wounds with the same nature were divided into three groups: perforated bovine amnion (treatment group), bovine amnion (control 1 group), and vaseline gauze dressing (control 2 group). All the three groups combined with rb-bFGF. RESULTS: Compared with control 1 group (P < 0.01) and control 2 group (P < 0.05), the treatment group could obviously decrease the healing time of deep degree Ⅱ burn wounds. For superficial degree Ⅱ burn wounds, compared with the control 2 group, the treatment group could also decrease the healing time; however, there was no significant difference between treatment group and control 1 group (P > 0.05). Dressing was not changed frequently, and the pain was relieved. Rash or other adverse effects were not detected in the three groups.CONCLUSION: The combination of perforated bovine amnion and rb-bFGF can obviously promote the healing of burn wounds.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#To study the ultrastructure change and cell apoptosis in the olfactory mucosa of rats suffering from chronic sinusitis, and aim to elucidate the possible mechanism and provide a novel concept of therapy approach to olfactory disease caused by chronic sinusitis.@*METHOD@#Light microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the ultrastructure changes in the olfactory mucosa of 20 rats suffering from chronic sinusitis and that in 20 cases of normal olfactory mucosa. By the method of TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling), we studied the apoptosis index (AI) in the olfactory mucosa of 20 rats suffering from chronic sinusitis and that in 20 cases of normal olfactory mucosa.@*RESULT@#(1) Observation by transmission electron microscope: In the olfactory epithelium of the rats group suffering from chronic sinusitis, the ultrastructure of the olfactory epithelium showed some abnormal changes: Olfactory epithelium cells showed a variety of degeneration ornecrosis, the olfactory epithelium were quite disorganized. Supporting cell nuclei were oval, the nuclei of the cell aggregated as the plaque and fringe collection, the density of cytoplasm decreased. Surface microvillus of the olfactory cells reduced and disappeared, part of the karyolemma defected like morphology change about cell apoptosis. Inflammatory cells infiltrated. Basement membrane was exposed and cells were quite disorganized. Olfactory gland cells were prismatic, cell spaces were widen and secretion increased in the cavosurface. In the olfactory mucosa of normal group, the ultrastructure of olfactory epithelium showed some normal changes: Olfactory epithelium were quite regularity, supporting cells and olfactory cells were radial arrangement, basement membrane were integrated, the structure of olfactory gland were completed, microvirus were in richet in cavosurface and slight of serositim were in the cavosurface; (2) The apoptosis index (AI) in the olfactory epithelium of the rats group suffering from chronic sinusitis was higher than that in normal group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#There is a ultrastructural change from the surface to the inner of olfactory mucosa in rats suffering from chronic sinusitis. There is notable apoptosis in the olfactory epithelium and propria lamina of rats suffering from chronic sinusitis.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Ratos , Apoptose , Doença Crônica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Mucosa Olfatória , Biologia Celular , Patologia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sinusite , PatologiaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes in the morphology and distribution of substance SP and calcitonin-gene related peptide nerves in the anterior pituitary of scalded rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rats inflicted 30% TBSA degree scalding of the back were employed as the model. The SP and CGRP peptide nerve fibres in the anterior pituitary were observed by immunohistochemistry staining during different postburn time points: 1, 2, 6, 10, 12, 24 and 72 postburn hours (PBHs). The areas of coverage of SP and CGRP nerve fibers were determined respectively in the anterior pituitaries by image analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The morphology of the two peptide nerve fibers exhibited obvious changes under microscope. The numbers of SP and CGRP nerve fibers increased by 85.7% and 60.5%, respectively at 1 PBH when compared with those in control group. Moreover the varicosities and branches of the nerve fibers in scalded rats increased obviously at 1 PBH and decreased sharply at 2 PBH, bouncing back to near normal level at 24 PBH. reaching image analysis revealed that the changes in the areas of coverage of two peptide nerve fibers were correlated positively with each other. The basic trends of the changes were an increase at 1 PBH, a decrease thereafter, reaching the lowest level at 12 PBH with a rebound later.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The morphology and distribution of SP and CGRP nerve fibers of anterior pituitary in scalded rats exhibited obvious change after injury. Therefore, they might be involved in the functional modulation of systemic stress.</p>