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S. Afr. j. child health (Online) ; 1(4): 151-155, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | AIM | ID: biblio-1270375

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence of bacterial and viral infectious agents in children with fever during anticancer chemotherapy. DESIGN: Analysis of data obtained during a prospective cohort study. SETTING: The pediatric oncology unit of Tygerberg Children's Hospital; Cape Town. SUBJECTS: All patients up to the age of 15 years who deve- loped fever secondary to anticancer chemotherapy from February 9th 2000 to April 9th 2001. OUTCOME MEASURES: Viruses were isolated or antigens detected on venous blood samples; nasopharyngeal aspirates; throat swabs; urine and feces where possible. Blood for aerobic and anaerobic culture was obtained from an indwelling intravenous catheter and/or a peripheral vein. RESULTS: Thirty-four children were analyzed for a total of 102 febrile episodes. The absolute neutrophil count on admission was below 0.5*109/L in 57 (56) episodes and thus considered neutropenic. Thirty-five viral isolates were identified in 31 (30) febrile episodes: HSV-1 (n=14); HSV-2 (n=2); CMV (n=10); rotavirus (n=5); adenovirus (n=2); Para influenza type 3 (n=1) and hepatitis B (n=1). The blood culture was positive in 24 (24) febrile episodes. Within these; a combined viral and bacterial infection was demonstrated in 6 (6) episodes. Infections were more frequent in neutropenic compared to non-neutropenic episodes; however; this was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Viral infections clearly are an important cause of fever in children receiving anticancer therapy and may occur together with a bacterial infection. Diagnostic tests for viral infections should be used more frequently and could be of considerable value in evaluating fever and establishing appropriate treatment in these patients


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Infecções Bacterianas , Criança , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Pediatria , Viroses
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