Vacunas SARS-CoV-2 / Vaccines SARS-CoV-2

Vaccines are biological products that stimulate the immune system to generate specific responses and immune memory. Faced with the magnitude of the problem caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, there is an urgent need to find an effective and safe preventive intervention. The race to find the ideal vaccine against this new coronavirus has required optimizing research times on this topic. Currently, more than 200 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates are in development, 177 in preclinical evaluation, 63 in clinical evaluation and 16 of them in phase 3 of clinical trials. In our country, 3 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are already authorized for administration, which have demonstrated safety and efficacy in clinical trials. (AU)

Manifestaciones clínicas Covid-19 / Clinical manifestations of Covid-19

The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic originated in China in late 2019, when an outbreak of pneumonia cases of unknown cause raised suspicions of an emerging infectious agent. More than 1 year after the identification of this new coronavirus, it has already caused more than 100 million cases worldwide. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19), as defined by the WHO in February 2020, has a diverse clinical presentation from asymptomatic individuals to multi-organ failure and death. In this review, we will describe the main clinical manifestations of Covid-19 in adults. (AU)

Infestaciones por garrapatas: a propósito de un caso / Tick infestation: report of a case

Las garrapatas son parásitos hematófagos que afectan la piel de muchos animales vertebrados, transmitiéndose al ser humano por contacto directo con animales infestados. La infestación por garrapata se manifiesta como una mácula, pápula o placa eritematosa y pruriginosa, que aparece 1 a 3 días después de la exposición con el parásito. Además, puede estar asociada con infección local secundaria en el sitio de la mordedura, granuloma a cuerpo extraño, parálisis ascendente e incluso anafilaxia. Estos parásitos también pueden transmitir agentes patógenos capaces de producir enfermedades en el ser humano como bacterias, virus y protozoos. La garrapata debe ser extirpada, teniendo especial precaución de no comprimir demasiado el cuerpo del parásito durante el procedimiento. Reportamos el caso de un hombre de 63 años que presentó una placa eritematosa y pruriginosa en la espalda, cuya imagen dermatoscópica reveló la presencia de una garrapata.

Ticks are blood-sucking, opportunistic parasites that can attach to the skin of a variety of vertebrate hosts. Humans become infested by coming into close contact with infested animals. Tick infestation may present as erythematous pruritic macule, papule, or finely elevated plaque within 1­3 days following tick exposure. Also tick bites may be associated with local, secondary infection at the bite site, foreign body granuloma, ascending paralysis, and even anaphylaxis. In addition, these parasites may transmit a number of different pathogens that cause human diseases including bacteria, viruses, and protozoan. Ticks may be removed, although the body of the tick should not be squeezed during the removal process. We report a 63-year old man who presented with an itchy erythematous plaque on the back, which, upon closer inspection, revealed a partially embedded tick.