Impacto de la salud oral en la calidad de vida de los niños pre-escolares: percepción de los responsables / The impact of oral health on quatily of life of preschool children: caregivers perception

Los estudios relacionados a las enfermedades orales y la repercusión de éstas en la calidad de vida de niños pre-escolares son relatados por terceros. Objetivando evaluar la percepción de los responsables cuanto al impacto de la salud oral en la calidad de vida de ellos, fue aplicado el instrumento ECOHIS-B (Early Chilhood Oral Health Impacts Scale - Brasil). Se entrevistó a 60 personas responsables por niños de 3 a 6 años de edad de la clínica de odontopediatría de una institución de enseñanza pública brasileña. Fue realizado un examen clínico en los niños para determinar la presencia de lesiones de caries, dientes restaurados y perdidos e índices de biofilm y sangramiento de la encía. La escala del ECOHIS-B varió de 0 a 30, con media de 10,53 (DP=8,30); 52 niños (86,6%) presentaron por lo menos un impacto, dolor de diente (60%) y dificultad para comer (50%) fueron los más frecuentes. Por cada diente acometido por caries (p=0,0001), diente con presencia de caries en dentina (p=0,008) y diente restaurado (p=0,001) la correlación con el ECOHIS-B total fue estadísticamente significativa. La salud oral (n= 36; 59,9%) y general (n=52:86,6%) fueron consideradas por la mayoría de los responsables buena o muy buena al ser comparadas a la de otros niños, y 18 (30%) de ellos percibían que el bienestar de los niños podría ser perjudicado por problemas orales. Problemas con los dientes y tratamientos dentales generan un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida y esto puede ser percibido por el responsable

The repercussions of oral diseases on the quality of life of preschool children are described by the caregivers, rather than the children themselves due to their age. The ECOHIS-B (Early Childhood Oral Health Impacts Scale - Brazil) was used to assess the caregiver's perception of the impact of oral health related to the quality of life of their preschool children. A group of 60 caregivers and their respective 3 to 6 year-old-children were interviewed. At this time these children were being treated at the paediatric dentistry clinic of a Brazilian public university. The children were given a clinical examination to determine carious lesions, missing and restored teeth and biofilm and gingival bleeding indexes were recorded. The ECOHIS-B score ranged from 0 to 30 and the mean score was 10.53 (SD = 8.30); 52 (86.6%) children presented at least one impact. The most frequent impacts were toothache (60%) and eating difficulties (50%). With regard to decayed teeth (p = 0.0001), tooth with dentin cariess (p = 0.008) and restored teeth (p = 0.001) the correlation with the total ECOHIS-B score was statistically significant. Oral (n = 36: 59.9%) and general health (n = 52: 86.6%) were considered good or very good by most caregivers of their own children and 18 (30%) of them perceived that their child's well-being could be affected by oral disorders. In conclusion, dental problems and treatments for children produce a significant impact on their quality of life, a fact which is also perceived by their caregivers

O impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de crianças infectadas pelo HIV: revisão de literatura / The impact of oral health on the quality of life of HIV infected children: a literature review

Em busca de uma melhora da saúde de pacientes sistemicamente comprometidos e um maior entendimento do impacto de doenças nas suas vidas, grande interesse tem sido dado à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, principalmente em crianças com doenças crônicas. Neste sentido, a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal tem sua importância haja vista que a mesma é um componente indissociável da saúde geral e também pela relevância dos problemas orais na vida destes pacientes. Assim, a avaliação de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em pacientes infantis infectados pelo HIV pode ser de grande relevância uma vez que estas apresentam alta prevalência de doença cárie e periodontal, além da presença de manifestações orais da própria infecção pelo vírus. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste artigo é, através de uma revisão de literatura, apresentar alguns conceitos relacionados à qualidade de vida e utilização de instrumentos de avaliação da mesma, bem como analisar o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de crianças infectadas pelo HIV.

The search for improvement of the health of systemically compromised patients and for a better knowledge about the impact of diseases on their lives has brought great interest for health-related quality of life, mainly in children with chronic diseases. The quality of life related to oral health is thus relevant, not only for being an inseparable component of the general health but also due to the importance of oral problems in the lives of these patients. The evaluation of oral health-related quality of life in HIV infected children can be of great importance seen that these patients show high prevalence of caries and periodontal diseases besides the oral manifestations of the virus infection itself. The aim of this article is to present some concepts about quality of life and the use of instruments for its evaluation on the basis of a literature review as well as to analyze the impact of oral health on the quality of life of HIV infected children.

Conceitos atuais sobre utilização de suplementos fluoretados no período gestacional / Actual concepts about the use of fluoride supplements during pregnancy

A utilização de fluoretos tem levado à redução na incidência e na prevalência da doença cárie. As formas de emprego desse composto têm sido bastante discutidas, principalmente no que se refere à suplementação fluoretada pré-natal. Apesar de a ingestão de fluoreto no período gestacional não ter tido o seu poder preventivo contra cárie cientificamente comprovado, estes suplementos são, ainda, amplamente utilizados e prescritos por profissionais da saúde. Assim, este trabalho visa a discutir os benefícios e os riscos do uso de suplemento fluoretado durante a fase pré-natal.

The use of fluoride has reduced the incidence and prevalence of caries. The substance ways of administration have been discussed, especially as prenatal supplements. Although the ingestion of fluoride during the pregnancy is not universally accepted, these supplements are widely used and prescribed by health care professionals. Thus, this work aims to review benefits and risks of using fluoride supplements during pregnancy.