Anticataleptic activity of Zamzam water in chlorpromazine induced animal model of Parkinson disease

Parkinsonism is characterized by rest tremor, inflexibility, balance debilitation, slow motion and dementia. It is known to be caused by the deficiency of dopaminergic neurons in nigrostriatal pathway. Different studies propose that oxidative burden may be included in the apoptotic process in parkisnons disease. Zamzam water being alkaline in composition may diminish the oxidative stress and hence relieve the symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effect of zamzam water in chlorpromazine induced animal model of Parkinsonism. Results revealed that zamzam water did not show significant anticataleptic effect after 21 days as compared to chlorpromazine treated group. However, after 30 days of giving zamzam water showed highly significant decrease [p<0.001] in cataleptic score as compared to chlorpromazine treated group that is negative control. After 30 days of dosing, cataleptic scores by zamzam water were closer to standard drug but standard drug [levodopa/carbidopa] still showed better results than zamzam water. Results from histopathological study of rat's brain also revealed regenerative changes by zamzam treated water when compared with negative control. This regenerative change after zamzam water treatment might play a positive role in future if administered continuously. These results also suggest that zamzam water can be used in combination with standard drug to produce synergistic effect in the management of parkinsons disease

Beneficial anti-Parkinson effects of camel milk in Chlorpromazineinduced animal model: Behavioural and histopathological study

Potential roles of natural products have been identified for preventing or treating various diseases. Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of camel milk in an animal model of Parkinson's disease and compare it with standard treatment [levodopa + carbidopa combination]. 40 Wistar albino rats weighing 200-250 gram were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Group I was kept on water and served as normal control, group II served as negative control, treated with chlorpromazine [5mg/kg i.p.], group III was given camel milk [33ml/kg p.o] and group IV the standard combination of levodopa + carbidopa [100+10mg/kg] respectively, 30 minutes after chlorpromazine treatment. All animals were subjected to the drugs treatment for 30 days. Catalepsy was assessed by Bar test on day 21 and day 30 at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes interval. On 30th day animals were sacrificed and whole brains were examined for histopathological changes. The results revealed highly significant [p

Differential immune cell densities in ductal carcinoma In-Situ and invasive breast cancer: possible role of leukocytes in early stages of carcinogenesis

To investigate immune cell densities in pre-neoplastic [DCIS], cancer [IDC] and control breast tissues. A total of four preneoplastic, 104 cancer and 104 control samples were analyzed. Morphological classification and prognostic scoring along with quantification of immune cells/mm[2] was performed. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Correlation of immune cell densities with various tumour sub-types was investigated using paired t-test and ANOVA. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant. Our data show increased infiltration of lymphocytes [mean lymphocytes = 287.6 cells/mm[2]] as well as myelocytes [mean lymphocytes = 117.1 cells/mm[2]] in pre-neoplastic tissues. This infiltration was significantly high compared to cancer [p-value<0.001] as well as control tissues [p-value <0.001]. Moreover, we report increased infiltration of lymphocytes in cancer tissues compared to controls [p-value<0.001]. There was no difference in lymphocyte densities within various tumour sub-types [all p-values >0.05]. Leukocytes may play a role in early stages of breast carcinogenesis