Comparison of clinical effects of total spondylectomy with different procedures in treating lumbar metastatic tumor / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the therapeutic effects of debris spondylectomy, piecemeal spondylectomy, total en bloc spomdylectomy in treating lumbar metastatic tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 20 patients with lumbar metastatic tumors treated from January 2008 to October 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 8 males and 12 females, aged from 35 to 65 years old with an average of (49.50 ± 9.97) years. All patients had single solitary metastases. Four cases were in L1,5 cases in L2,4 cases in L3,4 cases in L4, and 3 cases in L5. According to the type of Tomita, type II had in 4 cases, type III in 6 cases, type IV in 6 cases, type V in 4 cases. Tokuhashi score was 12.50 ± 1.97. All patients complained with back or leg pain, VAS score was 8.13 ± 0.85. Among patients, 7 cases were treated with debris spondylectomy (group A), 7 cases with piecemeal spondylectomy (group B), 6 cases with total en bloc spondylectomy (group C). Statistical analysis was used to compare the three groups with respect to surgical trauma (including operative time, transoperative bleeding, and intraoperative blood transfusion), clinical symptoms (by VAS score at 1 week after operation), surgical procedures conditions (by AP and lateral X-rays), and long-term results (by recurrence and death information).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months with an average of (16.50 ± 7.88) months. Operative time for debris spondylectomy was (6.14 ± 0.68) h, intraoperative bleeding was (3 457.14 ± 399.40) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (2 771.43 ± 423.14) ml. Operative time for piece-meal spondylectomy was (4.93 ± 0.61) h, intraoperative bleeding was (1 942.86 ± 378.51) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (1 500.00 ± 336.65) ml. Operative time for total en bloc spondylectomy was(4.17 ± 0.67) h, intraoperative bleeding was (1 341.67 ± 361.13) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (916.67 ± 321.66) ml. There was significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative blood transfusion between three groups (P < 0.05). In terms of these factors, total en bloc spondylectomy had the best outcome followed by piecemeal spondylectomy. All pains had released, VAS score decreased obviously at 1 week after operation (P < 0.05), and there was no significant differences between three groups (P > 0.05). Surgical effects were well with these methods according to the evaluation of AP and lateral X-rays . At final follow-up, group A had 4 recurrences (2 with breast cancer, 1 with prostate cancer,and 1 with thyroid cancer) and 3 deaths (2 with lung cancer and 1 with thyroid cancer); group B had 2 recurrences (1 with breast cancer and 1 with prostate cancer) and 3 deaths (1 with lung cancer, 1 with breast cancer and 1 with kidney cancer);group C had no recurrences and 2 deaths for lung cancer. There was significant differences in recurrence and death between three groups (P < 0.05). In terms of these factors, total en bloc spondylectomy had the best outcome in three methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three kinds of operation method can relieve pain, improve nerve function, increase the spinal stability, control the local lesions, improve the patient's quality of life in treating lumbar metastatic tumors, but total en bloc spendylectomy, respect to operative time, transoperative bleeding, intraoperative blood transfusion, tumor recurrence and death is clearly superior to other two methods.</p>

Acellular dermal matrix used for guiding bone regeneration in the dental implant area / 中国组织工程研究

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.021

Prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide results in vascular renin-angiotensin system dysfunction in offspring rats / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the impact of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide on renin-angiotensin system of offspring rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. The rats in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group were treated with LPS 0.79 mg/kg (i.p.) on the 8th, 10th and 12th day of gestation, and rats in the control group were treated with saline at the same time points. The blood pressure of offspring rats was measured by the tail cuff method. Protein expression of Angiotensin II (AngII) in thoracic aorta vessel was determined by immunohistochemistry. Protein expressions of AngII type 1 and type 2 receptor in thoracic aorta vessel were detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood pressure of 12-week-old offspring rats of LPS group was significantly higher than that of 12-week-old offspring rats of control group (P < 0.01). The protein expression of AngII and AngII type 1 receptor in thoracic aorta vessel were significantly higher while protein expression of AngII type 2 receptor was lower in 15-week-old offspring rats of LPS group than in control group, resulting in a significant increase in the ratio of AngII type 1 receptor/AngII type 2 receptor in the aorta at 15-week-old of offspring rats than in 15-week-old offspring rats of control group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prenatal lipopolysaccharide exposure results vascular renin-angiotensin system dysfunction, which may play an important role on the pathogenesis of hypertension development in offspring rats.</p>

Effects of hypoxic exposure on coordinative expression of cytochrome oxidase subunits I and IV in rat cerebral cortex / 生理学报

This study was intended to evaluate the effects of hypoxic exposure on gene expression and coordination of cytochrome oxidase (COX) subunits I (COX I) and IV (COX IV) encoded by mtDNA and nDNA respectively in rat cerebral cortex. Male Wistar rats were exposed to hypoxia in a hypobaric chamber simulating high altitude at 5000 m for 2, 5, 15 and 30 d. Control rats were fed outside the hypobaric chamber (the height was 300 m above sea level). Rats were sacrificed and mitochondria from cerebral cortex were isolated by differential centrifugation at each time point. COX I and COX IV proteins in isolated rat cerebral cortex mitochondria were detected by Western blot analysis and mRNA in the cerebral cortex by RT-PCR. The ratios of protein and mRNA were used to estimate the coordinative expression of two subunits. The results showed that COX I mRNA increased significantly at 2 and 5 d, and decreased to the control level at 15 and 30 d; COX IV mRNA remarkably increased at 2, 5 and 15 d, and dropped below the control level at 30 d. The mRNA ratio of COX IV to COX I reached a peak at 15 d, but showed no differences between other time points. The Western blot analysis of COX I and COX IV in isolated rat cerebral cortex mitochondria showed no obvious changes during hypoxic exposure. Our findings demonstrate that hypoxia can affect mRNA expression of COX I and COX IV and their coordination, while protein expression of both subunits are stable and coordinative. This study suggests that the expression of COX I and COX IV proteins during hypoxic exposure is coordinately regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms.