Role of histone H3K27me3 on BCL2 expression in arsenic-induced hepatocyte apoptosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the role of modification level of lysine trimethylation at position 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3) on expression of anti-apoptotic protein B lymphocyte tumor-2 gene (BCL2) during arsenic-induced hepatocyte apoptosis.Methods:Rat liver BRL-3A cells were cultured in vitro. According to the arsenic treatment factor, the experiment was divided into two parts, in the first part arsenic was not added, the experiment was divided into normal, transfection reagent, negative transfection, H3K27me3 specific demethylase (JMJD3) small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection and H3K27me3 methyltransferase (EZH2) siRNA transfection groups. In the second part arsenic was added, the experiment was divided into control, arsenic treatment, arsenic + negative transfection, arsenic + JMJD3siRNA transfection and arsenic + EZH2siRNA transfection groups. When arsenic was not added, the corresponding siRNA and transfection reagent was used to transfect cells at a ratio of 100 pmol : 7.5 μl for 6 h [the normal group was treated with phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of the same volume as transfection reagent], then the medium was changed and the cells were incubated for a total of 48 h. After 24 h of treatment with the above transfection and culture method in arsenic added group, a final concentration of 30 μmol/L sodium arsenite (NaAsO 2) was added and the cells were incubated for 24 h (the control group was treated with PBS with the same volume of NaAsO 2 for 24 h). Real-time cell analysis (RTCA) was used to measure the proliferation of BRL-3A cells in arsenic added group. Apoptosis of BRL-3A cells was analyzed by flow cytometry in arsenic added group. Western blotting was used to detect JMJD3, EZH2, H3K27me3 and BCL2 in no-arsenic and arsenic-added BRL-3A cells. The modification levels of H3K27me3 in BCL2 gene promoter regions were detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation of the cells exposed to arsenic. Results:There were statistically significant differences of the proliferation rates [control, arsenic treatment, arsenic + negative transfection, arsenic + JMJD3siRNA transfection and arsenic + EZH2siRNA transfection groups: (100.00 ± 10.43)%, (12.19 ± 3.37)%, (31.86 ± 1.95)%, (24.58 ± 3.64)%, (11.53 ± 1.11)%] and the apoptosis rates [(1.15 ± 0.04)%, (13.06 ± 1.33)%, (17.39 ± 0.22)%, (23.90 ± 1.66)%, (15.07 ± 0.88)%] between groups ( F = 146.50, 194.30, P < 0.001), correspondingly. The protein expression level of H3K27me3 in JMJD3siRNA transfection group was higher than that of normal, transfection reagent and negative transfection groups, while EZH2siRNA transfection group had an opposite result ( P < 0.05). The protein expression level of BCL2 in JMJD3siRNA transfection group was lower than that of normal, transfection reagent and negative transfection groups, while EZH2siRNA transfection group had an opposite result ( P < 0.05). The protein expression levels of H3K27me3 and BCL2 were not statistically significant differences between normal, transfection reagent and negative transfection groups ( P > 0.05). The protein expression levels of JMJD3, EZH2, H3K27me3 and BCL2 among control, arsenic treatment, arsenic + negative transfection, arsenic + JMJD3siRNA transfection and arsenic + EZH2siRNA transfection groups were compared, and the differences were statistically significant ( F = 26.56, 7.82, 9.81, 31.19, P < 0.05). Compared with control group, the protein expression levels of JMJD3 and EZH2 in arsenic treatment group were significantly reduced ( P < 0.05), and the protein expression level of H3K27me3 was higher ( P < 0.05), meanwhile the protein expression level of BCL2 was lower ( P < 0.05). Compared with arsenic + negative transfection group, the protein expression level of JMJD3 was significantly reduced in arsenic + JMJD3siRNA group, and the protein expression level of EZH2 was significantly reduced in arsenic + EZH2siRNA group ( P < 0.05). In addition, arsenic + JMJD3siRNA increased the level of H3K27me3 modification while reducing the protein expression of BCL2, while arsenic + EZH2siRNA had an opposite result ( P < 0.05). Compared with control group, the enrichment levels of H3K27me3 in BCL2 gene promoter regions (CHIP1 and CHIP2) in arsenic treatment group were significantly higher ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Arsenic may inhibit the expression of BCL2 by increasing the enrichment level of H3K27me3 in the promoter regions of BCL2 gene, and promoting hepatocyte apoptosis.

Changes of microRNA-153 expression and its regulatory role in arsenic-induced hepatocytes apoptosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the changes of microRNA-153 (miR-153) expression and the mechanism of regulating histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase (SET7/9) and histone H3K4 methylation (H3K4me1) in the process of arsenic-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-related hepatocytes apoptosis.Methods:Human normal hepatocytes (L-02 cells) were cultured in vitro and divided into control, arsenic treatment, arsenic + negative transfection, arsenic + miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups according to different treatment methods. Arsenic+ negative transfection, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were transfected with transfection plasmid and transfection reagent according to a certain proportion (3 μg: 8 μl). After 24 h, arsenic treatment, arsenic+ negative transfection, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were all treated with 100 μmol/L sodium arsenite (NaAsO 2) as the final concentration for 24 h. The control group was treated with phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of the same volume as NaAsO 2 for 24 h. The expression of miR-153 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR); cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry; real-time cell dynamic analyzer (RTCA) was used to detect cell proliferation; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum marker proteins glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), SET7/9 and H3K4me1. Results:The expression levels of miR-153 in each group were significantly different ( F = 10.73, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group [(41.10 ± 6.08)%], the expression level of miR-153 in arsenic treatment group [(4.35 ± 0.20)%] was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group [(10.00 ± 2.40)%], the expression level of miR-153 in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group [(157.70 ± 42.70)%] was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), and that in arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation group [(4.20 ± 0.28)%] was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the total cell apoptosis rate and G1 phase cell proportion among the five groups ( F = 29.69, 104.32, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the total cell apoptosis rates and G1 phase cell proportions in arsenic treatment, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were significantly increased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group, the total cell apoptosis rate and G1 phase cell proportion in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05), and those in arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). The difference of cell proliferation rate in each group was statistically significant ( F = 799.35, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the cell proliferation rates in arsenic treatment, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group, the cell proliferation rate in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), and that in arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation group was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). The protein expression levels of SET7/9, GRP78 and H3K4me1 in each group were significantly different ( F = 78.52, 52.13, 54.32, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the protein expression levels of SET7/9, GRP78 and H3K4me1 in arsenic treatment group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group, the protein expression levels of SET7/9, GRP78 and H3K4me1 in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05), and those in arsenic + miR-153 down-regulation group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:miR-153 plays an important role in arsenic-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-related hepatocytes apoptosis, the expression and regulation are related to the changes of SET7/9 and H3K4me1 levels.

The study of the protective effect of panoxadiol on Alzheimer’s disease cells based on network pharmacology / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the therapeutic effects of main active compounds of panaxadiol ( PD ) in on Alzheimer’s disease ( AD) via network pharmacologi-cal analysis and Mmolecular docking. Methods A to-tal of 107 prescriptions for AD treatment were screened by using network pharmacology, screening for the high-est frequency of ginseng and its target for AD. Use mo-lecular docking technology was used to find components with the highest score for non-receptor tyrosine kinase ( FYN) docking. Then we successfully estimatedestab-lished AD cell model with overexpressinged APP pro-teins in vitro. Next,the cell viability was detected by MTT assay,the cell damage was detected by LDH as-say,the apoptosis and intracellular Ca2+concentration were detected by flow cytometry, and phosphorylated FYN protein expression was detected by Western blot detection of . phosphorylated FYN protein expression. Results Eighteen active components of Gginseng and 29 AD-related targets were screened by the method of network pharmacology. The results of molecular doc-king showed that PD had strong binding effects with FYN. The results showed that PD could increase the survival rate of cells,reduce the release of LDH,reduce apoptosis,and improve AD cells’ intracellular Ca2+o-verload and reduce the expression of FYN-Y416 pro-tein. Conclusion The experimental results of network pharmacology were are verified and the protective effect of PD on AD may be related to inhibition of FYN signa-ling pathway.

Mechanism of Kai Xin San in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology / 药学学报

The study was designed to explore the active components and mechanism of Kai Xin San in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on network pharmacology. All targets related to AD were researched in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD). The common targets obtained by two databases were determined as candidate proteins involved in AD. All active components related to Kai Xin San were researched from ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion). PharmMapper was used to obtain the primary candidate targets of Kai Xin San. The corresponding gene name of each target protein was obtained from the UniProt database and selected human target proteins. Finally, the target proteins related to AD by Kai Xin San were acquired; Cytoscape 3.5.1 was used to construct the topology analysis for the active ingredient-AD target interaction network of Kai Xin San. According to STRING database and DAVID annotation databases, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the targets was performed. The network pharmacology analysis results were verified by Discovery Studio molecular docking software. There were 31 components meeting the conditions of ADME and 8 targets relating to AD. Thirteen kinds of biological process, 7 related to molecular function and 11 related to cellar components, were included in 31 GO entries. There were 5 KEGG pathways, involving the calcium signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The docking results of Discovery Studio showed that active ingredients of Kai Xin San and the positive controls all have good binding activity with important targets. In conclusion, the Kai Xin San as applied for treating AD has the advantages of multi-components and targets, to investigate the active components and mechanism of Kai Xin San for treating AD based on network pharmacology to eludicate possible studies of the mechanisms of action.

Effects and cost of four formulations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt in On-comelania hupensis snail control in field / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the effects and cost of four formulations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt in Oncomela-nia hupensis snail control in the field in marshland and lake regions,so as to provide the evidence for drawing up the plan of mol-luscicide using in schistosomiasis endemic areas. Methods One drainage channel and one channel without water in the same area with snails in Jiangling County,Jingzhou City were selected as the research fields. The drainage channel was divided into 9 sections,except one section as a blank control group where the natural death rate of snails was observed only,and the remaining 8 sections were taken as the observation groups,where different dosages of 4％niclosamide ethanolamine salt powder,5％ni-closamide ethanolamine salt granules,25％ niclosamide ethanolamine salt suspending agent,26％ metaldehyde and ni-closamide ethanolamine salt suspending agent,and 50％niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder were used re-spectively. The channel without water were divided into 4 sections,except one section as a blank control group,the oth-er 3 segments were taken as the observation groups,where 4％niclosamide ethanolamine salt powder,5％niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules,and 50％ niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder were used respectively. Before and after spraying molluscicide for 7 days and 15 days,the system sampling method was used to observe the effects of snail control. Meanwhile,the unit cost method was used to calculate the costs of the different mulluscicide formulations abovementioned in unit area(1 m2). Results In the field at the drainage channel,the snail mortality rates of the groups spraying 4％niclosamide ethanolamine salt powder(50 g/m2),5％niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules(40 g/m2),25％ niclosamide ethanolamine suspending agent,26％ metaldehyde and niclosamide ethanolamine salt sus-pending agent,and 50％niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder(2 g/m2 and 4 g/m2)for 7 days were 79.52％-97.87％,while the rates after spraying for 15 days were 71.00％-96.30％,and compared with those before spraying, the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). For the groups spraying with 2 g/m2 or 4 g/m2 suspending agent as well as wettable powder for 7 days,the snail mortality rates were significantly different(both P<0.05). In the field at the channel without water,the snail mortality rates of the 3 observation groups after spraying molluscicide for 7 days were 97.14％-100％,while for 15 days were 94.32％-100％,and compared with the rates before spraying,all the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). The unit costs per 1 m2 of the molluscicide abovementioned were ranged from 0.280 Yuan to 0.416 Yuan. Conclusions In marshland area inside embankment,the molluscicide formulations of the powder and granule are suitable for the environments without water or with instability water level , while the molluscicide formulations of the suspended agents and wettable powder are suitable for the water environment. Though the unit cost of powder is the lowest,the molluscicide in this formulation flies away seriously.

Effects from deep-freezing, freeze-drying or radiation on mechanical properties of cortical bone for spinal fusion / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effects on compressive strength and rigidity of tibia cortical bone from deep-freezing, freeze-drying or radiation treatments, and to discuss the appropriate method for tibia cortical bone treatment. Methods The cortical bone were collected from the middle part in tibial diaphysis from amputated limbs of trauma patients and made into bone plates with the size of 10 mm×10 mm×5 mm each. The bone plates were then divided into seven groups evenly and randomly: control group (Group A), deep-freezing group (Group B), freeze-drying group(Group C), deep-freezing plus 60Co (25 J/g) radiation group(Group D), deep-freezing plus 60Co (50 J/g) radiation group(Group E), freeze-drying plus 60Co (25 J/g) radiation group(Group F), freeze-drying plus 60Co (50 J/g) radiation group(Group G). The compressive strength and rigidity of allograft cortical bone were tested by mechanical testing machine. Results The largest compressive strength of the tibia cortical bone was in the range of 6.089-9.089 kN. Compared with Group A, the strength in Group B, C, D and F showed no significant difference, and the rigidity in Group B and C showed no significant difference, while the rigidity in Group D and F was decreased by 9.6% (P<0.05) and 8.7% (P<0.05), respectively. Compared with Group A, the strength in Group E and G was reduced by 29.6% (P<0.05) and 33.1% (P<0.05), respectively, and the rigidity was reduced by 16.7% (P<0.05) and 14.8% (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions The strength and rigidity of tibia cortical bone are not changed significantly after deep-freezing or freeze-drying treatment. Compared with the untreated group, the strength of tibial cortical bone with the small dosage of 60Co treatment is not significantly changed after deep-freezing or freeze-drying, but the rigidity is decreased; the strength and rigidity with the large dosage of 60Co treatment are decreased obviously. For application of cortical bone used in spinal fusion, radiation sterilization dosage should be controlled in the range of 15-25 J/g.

Comparative study on 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in rat and human plasma protein binding and its metabolism in liver microsomes in vitro / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To study the metabolic characteristics of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in vitro and compare the differences between rats and human,and for the purpose of providing data for poison effect research and extrapolating poison effect of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile from animals to human being. METHODS: Equilibrium dialysis method was used to analyze the protein binding ratio of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in the plasma of rats and humans in the groups of low dose,medium dose and high dose which were treated with mass concentration of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile at 500,5 000 and 50 000 μg / L respectively. Metabolic incubation systems of SD rat microsomes and human liver microsomes were established in vitro. When the mass concentration of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in the systems was 800 μg / L,the concentration of liver microsome was 0. 5 g / L; after being incubated for 0,10,30,60 and 90 min with the involvement of the regeneration system of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate in the incubation systems,the metabolic reaction was stoped. The residual amounts of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile were analyzed and metabolic half-life of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile incubating with liver microsomes in vitro was figured out. RESULTS: Protein binding ratio of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in the groups of low dose,medium dose and high dose were( 83. 5 ± 0. 9) %,( 88. 8 ± 0. 3) % and( 88. 6 ± 0. 3) % in rats plasma,and( 85. 2 ± 0. 1) %,( 89. 0 ± 0. 1) % and( 91. 1 ± 0. 4) % in human plasma. Both in rat plasma and human plasma,the protein binding ratio of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in the groups of medium dose and high dose were significantly increased than that in the low-dose group( P < 0. 01). In human plasma,the protein binding ratio of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in the high-dose group significantly increased than that in the medium-dose group( P < 0. 01). In the groups of low dose and high dose,the protein binding ratio of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in human plasma significantly increased than that in rats plasma( P < 0. 01). Absolute differences in protein binding ratio of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile between the rat plasma and the human plasma were no more than 2. 5% in the same dose groups. Metabolic half-life of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile incubating with rats and human liver microsomes and control solution in vitro were respectively( 58. 6 ± 1. 6),( 59. 2 ± 1. 5) and( 65. 0 ± 6. 3) min,which shows no significant differences( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The potein binding ratio and metabolism of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile in liver microsomes in rat plasma is similar to those in human plasma. Both in the plasmas of rats and humans,5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile has high protein binding ratio,and 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile is not metabolized in liver microsomes of either rats or humans.

Sagittal Pelvic Radius in Low-Grade Isthmic Lumbar Spondylolisthesis of Chinese Population

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the variation of pelvic radius and related parameters in low-grade isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis. METHODS: Seventy-four patients with isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis and 47 controls were included in this study. There were 17 males and 57 females between 30 and 66 years of age, including 30 with grade I slippages and 44 grade II slippages; diseased levels included 34 cases on L4 and 40 cases on L5. Thoracic kyphosis (TK), the pelvic radius (PR), the pelvic angle (PA), pelvic morphology (PR-S1), and total lumbopelvic lordosis (PR-T12) were assessed from radiographs. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found for the PA, PR-T12, and PR-S1 (24.5±6.6°, 83.7±9.8°, and 25.4±11.2°, respectively) of the patients with spondylolisthesis and the healthy volunteers (13.7±7.8°, 92.9±9.2°, and 40.7±8.9°, respectively). The TK/PR-T12 ratios were between 0.15 and 0.75. However, there were no differences in all the parameters between the L4 and L5 spondylolysis subgroups (p>0.05). The TK and PR-S1 of grade II were less than grade I, but the PA was greater. The PR-T12 of female patients were less than male patients, but the PA was greater (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Pelvic morphology differed in patients with low-grade isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis compared to controls. Gender and the grade of slippage impacted the sagittal configuration of the pelvis, but the segment of the vertebral slip did not. Overall, the spine of those with spondylolisthesis remains able to maintain sagittal balance despite abnormal pelvic morphology.

The catalase inhibitor aminotriazole alleviates acute alcoholic liver injury / 生理学报

In this study, the effects of catalase (CAT) inhibitor aminotriazole (ATZ) on alcohol-induced acute liver injury were investigated to explore the potential roles of CAT in alcoholic liver injury. Acute liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alcohol in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, and various doses of ATZ (100-400 mg/kg) or vehicle were administered intraperitoneally at 30 min before alcohol exposure. After 24 h of alcohol exposure, the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in plasma were determined. The degree of hepatic histopathological abnormality was observed by HE staining. The activity of hepatic CAT, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in liver tissue were measured by corresponding kits. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in plasma were determined by ELISA method. The results showed that treatment with ATZ dose-dependently suppressed the elevation of ALT, AST and LDH levels induced by alcohol exposure, and that ATZ alleviated alcohol-induced histopathological alterations. Furthermore, ATZ inhibited the activity of CAT, reduced hepatic levels of H₂O₂and MDA in alcohol exposed rats. ATZ also decreased the levels of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 in rats with alcohol exposure. These results indicated that ATZ attenuated alcohol-induced acute liver injury in rats, suggesting that CAT might play important pathological roles in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury.

Meta-analysis of operative versus non-operative treatments of intraarticular fractures of distal radius / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To compare operative and non-operative treatments for intraarticular fractures of distal radius by meta-analysis. Methods The literature which had been published in English or Chinese from 1988 to 2008 on comparison between operative and non-operative treatments of intraartieular fractures of distal radius were searched for on line.Three Chinese papers and 2 English ones were eligibly included in this meta-analysis.The clinical data of the 5 papers were collected for comparing wrist function,reduction on X-rays,complications and patient's satisfaction. Results Operative treatment resulted in better reduction on X-rays,better wrist function and fewer complications but lower patient's satisfaetion than non-operative treatment. Conclusion The operative treatment should be recommended for intraarticular fractures of distal radius,but meanwhile the needs and expectations of the patient should be also addressed.

A comparison of applicability in three diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome in Jiangsu population / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the applicability of the three diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (MS) proposed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2005, Adult Treatment Panel III of National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP-ATP III) in 2005 and Chinese Diabetes Socie (CDS) in 2004.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the findings of cohort study of multiple metabolic disorders and metabolic syndrome (1971 cases) in Jiangsu province, MS was diagnosed according to these three definitions respectively, and by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and ROC curve distance, those with lower false positive and false negative rates were identified as to detecting cardio vascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While, through Cox regression analysis, to compare their relative risk (RR) and 95% confidential interval (CI) was wade.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among three diagnostic criteria, the specificity by CDS of MS was higher than the other criteria (83.52%, 76.36%, 89.57%; 85.02%, 78.67%, 92.28%), however the sensitivity of CDS of MS was low (40.82%, 29.47%). When using CDS, over 50 percent of diagnosis might be missed. ATP III definition corresponded to the shortest distance in ROC curve, namely, at the diagnostic criteria, the rates of false positive and false negative for identifying clustering of CVD and T2DM were minimum (0.4369; 0.5777). The incidence of CVD [5.59 (2.62 - 11.92) vs 2.90 (1.41 - 5.93)], T2DM [3.36 (1.92 - 5.79) vs 1.97 (1.16 - 3.34)] was significantly higher in cases of ATP III+/IDF-than ATP III+/IDF+, as compared with ATP III-/IDF-.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Among three diagnostic criteria, the ATP III definition of the MS should be the most applicable diagnostic criteria for MS in Jiangsu population.</p>

Changes of Clara cell protein and surfactant protein-D in serum of patients with silicosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore changes of Clara cell protein (CC16) and surfactant protein-D (SP-D) in the serum of patients with silicosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The concentrations of CC16 and SP-D were measured in the serum by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The subjects consisted of 30 healthy volunteers and 90 silica-exposed workers including silica-exposed group, the silicosis of suspects group (0(+)) and the silicosis phase I group, 30 subjects each groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The concentrations of CC16 in the serum was significantly decreased in silica-exposed workers compared to controls (P < 0.01); The concentrations of CC16 in the serum were higher in lifelong nonsmokers than the current smokers in control subjects (P < 0.05), but they were no differences between lifelong nonsmokers and current smokers of 90 silica-exposed workers. Compared with control subjects, the levels of SP-D in the serum of silicosis suspects (0(+)) and silicosis phase I groups were significantly elevated (P < 0.01, respectively), which were also higher than silica-exposed group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), Discriminant equations set by CC16 and SP-D were used in diagnosis of silicosis, and the rate of accuracy in healthy volunteers, the silica-exposed group and the silicosis phase I group were 86.7%, 86.7% and 76.7%, respectively, The total rate of correct classification hit 84.2%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The serum CC16 of long-term silica-exposed workers is decreased, and SP-D is increased gradually.</p>

Simultaneous quantitative determination of four active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza tablets by HPLC / 中国药科大学学报

Aim:To develop a method for rapid and sensitive simultaneous determination of the hydrophilic and lipophilic active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza tablets. Methods:RP-HPLC condition was established to separate danshensu,salvianolic acid B,cryptotanshinone and tanshinone ⅡA from each other on the Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm ID,5 μm)column with the mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.5% formic acid in gradient elution. Results:The four active components had good linearity. The average recoveries ranged between 96.63% to 100.3% with RSDs of less than 2%. Conclusion:The method appeared to be precise and accurate for the simultaneous determination of the four active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge tablets within 35 min.

The correlation between the DNA content in human thyroid follicular epithelial cells and the postmortem interval / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the relationship between the DNA content in follicular epithelial cells of the human thyroid and postmortem interval (PMI).@*METHODS@#Changes of the DNA content in thyroid follicular epithelial cells at different PMI were determined by Methyl Green-Pyronin (MGP) stain combined with an image analysis technique.@*RESULTS@#The average DNA content in the thyroid follicular epithelial continued to decrease with increased PMI. The coefficient of determination for DNA content with average gray, aimed area, aimed area ratio and positive index in follicular epithelial cells were 0.960, 0.987, 0.988 and 0.990, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#There is an apparent correlation between the average DNA content of follicular epithelial cells and the PMI. MGP stain combined with an image analysis technique seems to be a useful means to study the degradation of DNA in thyroid follicular epithelial cells.

Study on the association between polymorphism of TAP1 637 A/G alleles polymorphism and metabolic syndrome / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of the transporter 1 associated with antigen processing (TAP1) gene 637 A/G polymorphism on the risk of metabolic syndrome(MS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was conducted on 138 based-community patients (68 males and 70 females, 61.31 +/- 11.00 years old) diagnosed as MS with 162 healthy subjects (74 males and 88 females, 48.73 +/- 11.66 years old) came from the same origin as cases. The allele polymorphisms TAP1 637 A/G was examined by the specificity restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction(RFLP-PCR) method with genomic DNA. The effect of TAP1 637 A/G polymorphisms on MS were analyzed by multivariable unconditional logistic regression models.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The TAPI 637 A/G allele genotypes frequencies (83.3%, 16.7%) contribution in control group were consistent with the distribution predicted by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (chi2 = 1.46, P > 0.05). TAP1 637 G allele genotypes frequencies (26.1%) of cases were significantly higher than controls (16.7%) with P = 0.005. There were significant differences of AA (58.0%), AG (31.9%) and GG (10.1%) genotypes in cases than controls, AA (68.5%). AG (29.6%) and GG (1.9%) for recessive model and addictive model after age was adjusted with P value as 0.006 and 0.044, but no significant differences for dominant model (P = 0. 298). Results from recessive model with OR = 6.62, 95% CI :1.73-25.31, Addictive model with OR = 1.56, 95% CI:1.01-2.41 and one-way ANOVA analysis showed that systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels of GG genotype were significantly higher than AA or AG genotype (P < 0.05) whereas no significantly statistical differences for other clinical characteristics.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The TAP1 637 allele A to G alteration or genotype AA to GG and AG to GG alterations could increase the risk of MS significantly, especially for SBP and DBP levels, and this positive association results might be helpful to support the biological role of TAP1 in MS but in need of larger sample size to provide more powerful evidences.</p>

Study on Modified Xiaoyao Decoction combining Clomipramine treating depression / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy of Modified Xiaoyao Decoction (MXD) combining clomipramine in treatment of depression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and five depression patients were randomly assigned to two groups. The treated group (53 patients), all were differentiated as Gan-qi stagnation syndrome type and treated with MXD combining clomipramine 25-50 mg/d. The control group (52 patients) treated with clomipramine 75-225 mg/d alone. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks in both groups. Scores of depression was assessed with Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) before treatment and at the 2nd, 4th, 8th week of the treatment, efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated with Global Impression of Change (CGI) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment the scores in both groups were significantly different from those before treatment (P < 0.01), but no significant difference was found between the two groups (P > 0.05). Main adverse reactions were dry mouth, constipation in the treated group, much less than those in the control group, which were mainly dry mouth, constipation, dizziness, insomnia, blurred vision and prolonged Q-T interval (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MXD combining clomipramine has the efficacy on depression similar to clomipramine, but has less adverse reactions.</p>

Relationship between job burnout and quality of life of factory staff / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the status of job burnout and the quality of life of factory staff and analyze the their relationship.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Questionnaires were administered to investigate the status of job burnout and quality of life of all the staff in three randomly selected state factories, and then the methods of canonical correlation and hierarchical linear regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between job burnout and quality of life.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Job burnout and quality of life were somewhat different among staff in factories of different demography character. Emotional exhaustion was negatively associated with mental component summary (MCS). The predictive variables of physical component summary (PCS) were age, educational attainment, emotional exhaustion and professional efficacy and the standard partial regression coefficients of the four variables were -0.101, 0.055, -0.294, -0.058 respectively (P < 0.05). Educational level positively predicted the physical component summary, whereas age, emotional exhaustion and professional efficacy predicted physical component summary negatively. The predictive variables of mental component summary were emotional exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy and the standard partial regression coefficients of the three scale of job burnout were -0.546, -0.075, -0.184 (P < 0.05). All the three scales of job burnout predicted the mental component summary negatively. The emotional exhaustion was the most predictive variable for both the physical component summary and the mental component summary.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Job burnout is the important risk factor of quality of life of factory staff, especially influencing the staff's metal health significantly.</p>

Preparation of diclofenac sodium liposomes and its ocular pharmacokinetics / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To prepare diclofenac sodium liposomes and observe its ocular pharmacokinetics in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The diclofenac sodium cationic liposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation methods and the formula of liposome was optimized with uniform design. HPLC method was established and validated for the determination of diclofenac sodium in precornea, cornea and aqueous humor of rabbit eye. Liposome and eyedrop solution 50 microL with total 50 microg diclofenac sodium were instilled to eyes of rabbits, separately. Samples of tear, cornea and aqueous humor were collected at different time intervals after rabbits were sacrificed. The ocular pharmacokinetics was investigated by the concentration-time data of tear, cornea and aqueous humor.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean particle size of the diclofenac sodium liposomes was 226.5 nm with zeta potential of + 18. 1 mV. The entrapment efficiency reached 63%. Compared with solution, liposome was characterized by slower clearance in precornea. The concentration of diclotenac in cornea and aqueous humor instilled with liposome were higher than that with eye-drop solution. Cmax of diclofenac sodium in aqueous humor instilled with liposome and eye-drop solution were (0.69 +/- 0.25) and (0.48 +/- 0.19) microg x mL(-1) and (36.68 +/- 11.7) and (21.82 +/- 8.6) microg x g(-1) in cornea, respectively. But no significant difference were found to Tmax in aqueous humor and cornea between liposome and eyedrop, T(1/2) of diclofenac in aqueous humor and cornea with liposoine were longer than that with eye-drop solution. The ocular bioavailability of liposome in aqueous humor was 211% compared with that of eyedrop.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Diclofenac sodium cationic liposomes can increase the corneal contact time, enhance the corneal permeability of diclofenac sodium and improve its ocular bioavailability.</p>

Preliminary identification and characterization of in vitro cultured bone marrow stromal cells for their bioactivity and osteogenic potential / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To induce the differentiation of bone marrow stromall cells (BMSCs) isolated from Beagles into osteoblasts in vitro and identify the osteogenic potential and bioactivity of the BMSCs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary cultured BMSCs isolated from Beagles were subcultured in mineralization medium to induce their differentiation into osteoblasts, whose morphological characteristics and proliferation status were observed by phase-contrast microscope. The osteogenic activity of the cells was evaluated with von Kossa staining of the mineralized nodules and determination of the alkaline phosphatase activity.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>BMSCs cultured in vitro showed obvious osteogenic capacity in DMEM. Von Kossa staining of the mineralized nodules and alkaline phosphatase detection of the passaged cells both yielded positive results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BMSCs cultured in vitro contain osteogenic precursor cells, and the passaged cells possess osteogenic potential.</p>

Study on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among 35-74 year-olds in Jiangsu province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Jiangsu province, using IDF 2005 and ATP III 2005 definition.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Multistage cluster sampling method was used and the participants were interviewed by trained health workers under a structured questionnaire. The number of research subjects was 5888. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipids, body mass index, blood pressure (BP) of all sample population (5888 subjects) were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of MS was 17.48% by IDF 2005 definition and 21.95% by ATP lII 2005 definition. Women had higher prevalence than men (P < 0.01). The prevalence of MS increased with age. Abrupt increase of the prevalence started at age of 50 in women. The prevalence varied by education, marital status, occupation and income. People from the urban and the south had a higher prevalence than from the rural and from the northern part of the country. The most common combination of MS individual components were 1) central obesity, dislipidemia and high BP; 2) central obesity, dislipidemia, high BP and high FPG.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of MS was high in Jiangsu province. Clustering of MS components was common. It is necessary to discuss the cut-off points of central obesity for the waist circumference diagnostic criteria of MS in Chinese population. The importance of prevention of MS should be strengthened both by health professionals and the government.</p>