Construction and exploration of pregnancy registries for medicine based on pharmaceutical service / 中华医院管理杂志

The pregnancy registry for medicine is a common method for risk evaluation for drug safety evaluation during pregnancy. The authors introduced the exploration and practice of the pregnancy drug registry mode based on pharmacy service in Women′s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University. The registry of pregnancy medication with the drug consultation clinic as the fulcrum was managed by the pharmacist team in a homogenization way, and implemented according to the information process of consultation, pharmacy guidance and regular follow-up. In the consultation and follow-up work, the pharmacists established the consultation drug history through three data sources: independent report of the consultant, inquiry of pharmaceutical personnel and case sampling. The pharmacists designed and constructed information screening system, classified the consultation medicine history according to the pregnancy exposure of specific drugs. The prospective research method was designed to meet the characteristics of pregnancy medication. The study was carried out on the relationship between pregnancy exposure and birth defects of offspring. Relying on the improvement of standardization, refinement and information management level of pharmaceutical services, multi center cooperation will be strengthened in the future to carry out continuous research on pregnancy drug exposure registry and follow-up system.

Safety analysis of gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients undergoing intravenous anesthesia / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the safety of gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients undergoing intravenous anesthesia .Methods 130 patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy were selected .The patients were divided into the elderly group ( A group):65 to 75 years old,65 cases,and young group ( B group):30 to 65 years old,65 cases.The vital signs ( including heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation ), anesthesia time, consciousness recovery time,dosage, patients 'experience and adverse reaction were analyzed in the same group of fentanyl combined with propofol intravenous anesthesia .Results (1)Intravenous anesthesia,the blood pressure,heart rate of the two groups decreased in varying degrees ,compared between before examination and during examination in the two groups,there were no statistically significant differences in A group (t=0.11,0.67,0.73,all P>0.05),and there were no statistically significant differences in B group (t =0.27,0.83,1.82,all P>0.05).In the surgery, 1 case of heart rate dropped to 50 times/min below in A group and B group;In A group,1 case of SBP decreased by 30％ of baseline blood pressure before examination ,and B group did not show 30％reduction in SBP before reaching baseline blood pressure .Intravenous anesthesia had greater impact on SpO 2 in elderly patients , and with age increased,the incidence increased, after symptomatic treatment, SpO2 immediately rebounded, and successfully completed the inspection.(2)In A group,the anesthesia time was (16.75 ±5.76)min,the conscious recovery time was (3.51 ±0.69)min,the propofol dosage was (72.43 ±19.58)mg.In B group,the anesthesia time was (15.96 ± 6.58)min,conscious recovery time was (2.98 ±0.71)min,the propofol dosage was (71.67 ±20.49)mg,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (t=1.85,1.57,1.96,all P>0.05),but the amount of A group was more than that of B group,indicated that with age increased,the dosage decreased.(3)The patients of the two groups underwent intravenous anesthesia under the gastrointestinal endoscopy could achieve satisfactory anesthesia sedative effect ,and safe to complete the examination .And no bleeding ,perforation and even death and other serious adverse consequences were observed .Conclusion In the strict control of indications and close observation , elderly patients undergoing anesthesia under the gastrointestinal endoscopy is safe ,comfortable and feasible .

Effect of dexmedetomidine combined bhutto butorphanol on intravenous analgesia after cesarean section / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined bhutto butorphanol in cesarean section postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia.Methods 80 cases of cesarean section pregnant women from January 2013 to August 2015 in zhejiang greentown cardiovascular hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,40 cases in each group,all patients were treated with endotracheal intubation inhalation anesthesia,postoperative PCIA.The observation group was treated with 300μg dexmedetomidine combined with butorphanol 10mg bhutto,the control group using 200μg dexmedetomidine combined with butorphanol 10mg bhutto,comparison of the effect of analgesia in two groups of patients.Results The visual analogue scale(VAS)score of the T0,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 time nodes in the observation group was compared with that of the control group,the difference was not statistically significant.The Ramesay scores of the T0,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 time nodes in the observation group were compared with those in the control group,the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine combination of bhutto butorphanol in cesarean section after controlled intravenous analgesia to achieve satisfactory analgesic effect.

Preparation of microspheres of superoxide dismutase and their activities / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare the poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres and composite alginate-chitosan-PLGA microspheres containing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and to evaluate their SOD activities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The SOD-PLGA microspheres were prepared by W/O/W emulsification method, and the composite microspheres were prepared by two steps:alginate-chitosan microcapsules were first prepared by a modified emulsification and ion crosslinking method, and then they were further dispersed in PLGA to form the composite microspheres. The SOD concentration was determined by Coomassie method, its activity was measured by xanthine oxidase system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The SOD activity was less sensitive to temperature and sensitive to pH, organic solvents, ultrasound and vigorous stir without iced bath. The entrapment efficiencies of SOD in PLGA (50:50) microspheres, PLGA (70:30) microspheres, alginate-chitosan microcapsules, the composite PLGA (50:50) microspheres and the composite PLGA (70:30) microspheres were 36.42%±1.81%, 66.18%±0.05%, 91.08%±1.28%, 87.30%±3.89% and 83.19%±3.48%, respectively. In vitro release tests demonstrated that the SOD activities in 50:50 composite microspheres were higher than that in the PLGA ones at 1 h, 8 h and 1 w.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The composite alginate-chitosan-PLGA microspheres for SOD sustained release can significantly improve the protein entrapment efficiency and maintain its protein activity.</p>

Correlation study between serum vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To assess the relationship between serum vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease.Methods Subjects included total 520 persons receiving regular health examination,and serum calcium,phosphorus,parathyroid hormone (PTH),thyroid peroxidase autoantibody (TPOAb) and 25-dihydroxy vitamin Ds was measured.The incidence of 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 deficiency (≤30 μ g/L)was observed.The relationship between 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 deficiency and autoimmune thyroid disease was analyzed.Results The serum 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 of all the subjects was (24.47 ± 7.21) μ g/L,and the incidence of 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 deficiency (≤30 μg/L) was 61.15％ (318/520),and the positive rate of TPOAb was 21.54％ (112/520).The proportion of TPOAb ＞ 50 kU/L or ＞ 100 kU/L in subjects with 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3≤30 μ g/L was higher than that in subjects with 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 ＞ 30 μg/L [25.79％(82/318) vs.19.80％(40/202) and 9.43％(30/318) vs.4.46％(9/202)],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The relationship between 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and TPOAb was assessed and showed significant inverse correlation (r =-0.13,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is very common in the population,and autoimmune thyroid disease is related with vitamin D deficiency,which may has impact on the body's immune regulation.Specific mechanism and whether vitamin D supplementation can intervene and treat autoimmune thyroid disease need further study.

Preparation and pharmacodynamics studies on anti-inflammatory effect of catechu gel / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare the gel of Chinese medicine catechu,study its release mechanism in vitro and observe the anti-inflammatory activity in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Using the amount of catechin and epicatechin in dry extract as major evaluation factors, orthogonal experiment was carried out to investigate four influential factors of the ethanol concentration, ratio of raw material to solvent, ultrasonic time and extraction temperature. The catechu gel was prepared by using carbomer-940 as the gel base, and triethanomine as neutralizer. The experiments on drug-releasing profiles in vitro and the phamacodynamics studies on the anti-inflammatory in rats were carried out, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The optimum condition of extraction from catechu was as follows, the concentration of ethanol, ratio of raw material to solvent, ultrasonic time, and extraction temperature were 50% , 1: 12, 35 min and 60 degrees C, respectively. The formulation of catechu gel was carbomer-9 400.5 g, glycerol 5.0 g, the extracts of catechu 50.0 mL, and triethanomine 0.5 mL The gel was semitransparent and stable. The drugs released quickly. The catechu gel reduced the paw edema considerably in dose-dependent manner compared to carrageenan-induced rat.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The formulation of the catechu gel is reasonable, and it shows remarkable anti-inflammatory activity. It is worth doing further research.</p>

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on the expression of cardiac adiponectin and its receptors in diabetic rats / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the expression of cardiac adiponectin and its receptors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 8 in each: untreated control group (C group), NAC-treatment group (CT group), diabetic untreated group (D group) and diabetic NAC-treatment group (DT group). After 8 weeks, plasma glucose and insulin, and cardiomyocyte cross sectional area were measured. Cardiac protein expression of adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 (adipoR1 and adipoR2), AMP-activated protein kinase ? (AMPK?), phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase ?-subunits and glucose transporter 4 (GluT4) were determined by Western blotting. Plasma and myocardial adiponectin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Plasma and myocardial free 15-F2t-isoprostane levels were assayed by enzyme immunoassay. Results Compared with C group, the ratio of ventricular weight to body weight and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, plasma and levels of free 15-F2t-isoprostane in myocardium and the protein expression of myocardial adipoR1 increased significantly in diabetic rats (D group) (P