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2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(4): 457-462, jun. 2013. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-678282

RESUMO

The main cause of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). We aimed to evaluate the contribution of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) to pulmonary disease in patients from the state of Rondônia using respiratory samples and epidemiological data from TB cases. Mycobacterium isolates were identified using a combination of conventional tests, polymerase chain reaction-based restriction enzyme analysis of hsp65 gene and hsp65 gene sequencing. Among the 1,812 cases suspected of having pulmonary TB, 444 yielded bacterial cultures, including 369 cases positive for MTB and 75 cases positive for NTM. Within the latter group, 14 species were identified as Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium gilvum, Mycobacterium gordonae, Mycobacterium asiaticum, Mycobacterium tusciae, Mycobacterium porcinum, Mycobacterium novocastrense, Mycobacterium simiae, Mycobacterium szulgai, Mycobacterium phlei and Mycobacterium holsaticum and 13 isolates could not be identified at the species level. The majority of NTM cases were observed in Porto Velho and the relative frequency of NTM compared with MTB was highest in Ji-Paraná. In approximately half of the TB subjects with NTM, a second sample containing NTM was obtained, confirming this as the disease-causing agent. The most frequently observed NTM species were M. abscessus and M. avium and because the former species is resistant to many antibiotics and displays unsatisfactory cure rates, the implementation of rapid identification of mycobacterium species is of considerable importance.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/classificação , Tuberculose Pulmonar/microbiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Escarro/microbiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 107(8): 969-977, Dec. 2012. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-660642

RESUMO

A single strain of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii, characterised by a particular rpoB sequevar and two highly related pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns has been responsible for a nationwide outbreak of surgical infections in Brazil since 2004. In this study, we developed molecular tests based on polymerase chain reaction restriction-enzyme analysis (PRA) and sequencing for the rapid identification of this strain. Sequences of 15 DNA regions conserved in mycobacteria were retrieved from GenBank or sequenced and analysed in silico. Single nucleotide polymorphisms specific to the epidemic strain and located in enzyme recognition sites were detected in rpoB, the 3' region of the 16S rDNA and gyrB. The three tests that were developed, i.e., PRA-rpoB, PRA-16S and gyrB sequence analysis, showed 100%, 100% and 92.31% sensitivity and 93.06%, 90.28% and 100% specificity, respectively, for the discrimination of the surgical strain from other M. abscessus subsp. bolletii isolates, including 116 isolates from 95 patients, one environmental isolate and two type strains. The results of the three tests were stable, as shown by results obtained for different isolates from the same patient. In conclusion, due to the clinical and epidemiological importance of this strain, these tests could be implemented in reference laboratories for the rapid preliminary diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of this epidemic strain.


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Mycobacterium/microbiologia , Mycobacterium/genética , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/microbiologia , Sequência de Bases , Brasil , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana/métodos , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Ribossômico/análise , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Infecções por Mycobacterium/epidemiologia , Mycobacterium/classificação , Mycobacterium/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia
5.
Arq. bras. med ; 62(6): 429-32, nov.-dez. 1988. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-63660

RESUMO

No período de setembro de 1982 a janeiro de 1986 foram simultaneamente examinados 148 espécimes de líquido pleurais e fragmentos de pleura parietal, colhidos por punçäo-biópsia, na Seçäo de Bacteriologia da Tuberculose do Serviço de Patologia Clínica do Hospital Raphael de Paula Souza (H.R.P.S.), dos quais 107 e 124, respectivamente, foram também estudados cito e histologicamente no Serviço de Anatomia Patológica do mesmo Hospital. Procurou-se estabelecer a comparaçäo entre os exames bacteriológico, citológico e histológico e a importância de cada um diagnóstico diferencial de derrames pleurais


Assuntos
Derrame Pleural/patologia , Pleura/patologia , Biópsia por Agulha , Diagnóstico Diferencial
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