RESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: A hérnia paraestomal representa complicação tardia de virtualmente todos os estomas intestinais. As manifestações clínicas oscilam desde um simples problema estético até o estrangulamento do conteúdo herniado. O grau de incapacidade produzido pela hérnia é variável. Existe gama muito grande de procedimentos utilizando ou não material protético de variada especificidade e de resultados controversos. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada revisão de literatura nos sites de pesquisa PubMed, Bireme e Scielo, com os descritores hérnias paraestomais, tratamento cirúrgico, hérnia, colostomia e ileostomia. Selecionaram-se, principalmente, os estudos de aplicação de técnicas cirúrgicas e adicionou-se a experiência clínica dos autores. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar das várias técnicas e meios à disposição do cirugião para o manuseio das hérnias paraestomais, ainda não há método ideal que venha a ser recomendado para todos os casos. Assim, a análise criteriosa dos fatores de riscos do paciente pode ajudar a escolher a melhor opção de tratamento que deve ser individualizada a cada caso.
INTRODUCTION: Paraestomal hernia represents a late complication of virtually all intestinal stoma. Clinical manifestations range from a simple cosmetic problem to the strangulation of the herniated contents. The degree of disability produced by the hernia is variable. There is a wide range of procedures using or not using prosthetic material of different specificity and controversial results. METHODS: Was performed a literature review on sites PubMed, BIREME, SciELO with the headings paraestomal hernias, surgery, hernia, colostomy and ileostomy. Were selected mainly studies with the application of surgical techniques and added to the authors' clinical experience. CONCLUSION: Despite various techniques and available devices to handle the paraestomal hernias, there is no ideal method that may be recommended for all cases. Thus, a careful analysis of risk factors can choose the best treatment option that should be done individualizely to each case.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection compared to conventional approach for surgical treatment of patients with distal rectal cancer presenting with incomplete response after chemoradiation. METHOD: Twenty eight patients with distal rectal adenocarcinoma were randomized to undergo surgical treatment by laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection or conventional approach and evaluated prospectively. Thirteen underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection and 15 conventional approach. RESULTS: There was no significant difference (p<0,05) between the two studied groups regarding: gender, age, body mass index, patients with previous abdominal surgeries, intra and post operative complications, need for blood transfusion, hospital stay after surgery, length of resected segment and pathological staging. Mean operation time was 228 minutes for the laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection versus 284 minutes for the conventional approach (p=0.04). Mean anesthesia duration was shorter (p=0.03) for laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection when compared to conventional approach : 304 and 362 minutes, respectively. There was no need for conversion to open approach in this series. After a mean follow-up of 47.2 months and with the exclusion of two patients in the conventional abdominoperineal resection who presented with unsuspected synchronic metastasis during surgery, local recurrence was observed in two patients in the conventional group and in none in the laparoscopic group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection is feasible, similar to conventional approach concerning surgery duration, intra operative morbidity, blood requirements and post operative morbidity. Larger number of cases and an extended follow-up are required to adequate evaluation of oncological results for patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection after chemoradiation for radical treatment of distal rectal cancer