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ABSTRACT Objective To develop a short version of the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-Portuguese and to create an algorithm for locomotive syndrome screening and management. Methods The 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-Portuguese was applied to individuals aged 60 years or older seen at the Geriatrics and Gerontology Department of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, between 2016 and 2018. Items of the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-Portuguese were submitted to exploratory factor analysis using the principal component method. Internal consistency was investigated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The ROC curve was used to determine the cut-off point of the short version developed. Finally, a simple and objective algorithm was created for locomotive syndrome screening and management using the Delphi method. Results A total of 202 elderly individuals aged 61 to 101 years (mean age, 84.67 years) were evaluated. Fifteen items were excluded from the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-Portuguese to compose the 10-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-Portuguese, a 10-item instrument with appropriate psychometric properties. A cut-off point of ten (ROC curve) was determined for potential locomotive syndrome, with 96.5% sensitivity and 86.2% specificity. A very simple algorithm was developed for locomotive syndrome screening and management. Conclusion The short version (10-question) of the Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-Portuguese has appropriate psychometric properties and provides a practical tool for detection of locomotive problems in elderly individuals.
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O papilomavírus humano (HPV), uma das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis mais comuns no mundo, tem um papel estabelecido na patogênese de cânceres genitais, bem como no câncer anal. Essa infecção também foi implicada na oncogênese de outros cânceres, como os de cabeça e pescoço. Existem evidências do aumento de incidência dos cânceres de orofaringe associados à infecção pelo HPV. Além disso, parece haver melhor prognóstico desses cânceres associados ao HPV, comparados aos não associados. Por outro lado, existem também alusões na literatura à associação da infecção pelo HPV a outros tipos de cânceres, como os cânceres de esôfago, de bexiga, de pulmão e de mama. Essas informações têm aplicação potencial para eventuais programas de triagem em subgrupos de risco. Atualmente, a vacinação contra o HPV, aprovada para a prevenção do câncer do colo uterino, poderia ter papel potencial na prevenção de outros cânceres associados a essa infecção. Além disso, há interesse no desenvolvimento de tratamentos especificamente dirigidos ao subgrupo de cânceres associados ao HPV. Nesta revisão, foi discutido o possível papel da infecção pelo HPV em cânceres não anogenitais.(AU)
Human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually infection transmitted worldwide, has an established role in the pathogenesis of genital and anal malignancies. The HPV has also been implicated in the oncogenesis of other cancers, including head and neck malignancies. There are evidences that the increase of oropharyngeal cancer?s incidence is associated with HPV infection. Besides, these cancers, which are associated to HPV, show improved outcomes compared of those not associated with HPV infection. On the other hand, there are also references regarding the association of HPV infection with other cancers, as the esophagus, bladder, lung and breast cancers. This information has potential implications for the eventual screening of high-risk groups. While HPV vaccination is currently approved for the prevention of cervical cancers, it also has potential in the prevention of all HPV-associated malignancies. Moreover, there is interest in designing treatments specifically for this HPV-positive subgroup. In this review, the role of HPV in non-anogenital cancers was discussed.(AU)