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Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 67(3): 343-347, jul.-set. 2019. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041162

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction: Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by the presence of arteriovenous malformations in the nasal mucosa, the tips of fingers, and sometimes in the lungs, the gastrointestinal tract, the liver, the pancreas, the marrow and the brain. Its treatment is based on symptomatic control measures, but recently, the administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) molecules has been proposed as a treatment alternative, especially in patients with recurrent bleeding. Case presentation: The case of a 67-year-old man diagnosed with HHT and suffering from potentially life-threatening gastrointestinal GI bleeding is presented. The patient underwent several esophagogastric cauterization procedures but not positive outcomes were obtained, so he had to go to the Emergency Service of the hospital multiple times due to having low levels of hemoglobin (as low as 3.5g/dL). A bevacizumab based treatment was started by using a novel dosage regimen consisting of the administration of 6 5mg/kg bevacizumab dosages every 14 days. During the first week of treatment, hemoglobin levels increased to 14g/dL and the condition was stabilized. Conclusions: The findings reported here suggest that bevacizumab may be a therapeutic choice to be considered when treating patients with recurrent and refractory GI bleeding caused by HHT. However, a larger sample is required to determine if administering this medication is safe for these patients, as well as the appropriate dosage.


Resumen Introducción. La telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditaria (HHT) es una enfermedad genética autosómica dominante que se caracteriza por la presencia de malformaciones arteriovenosas en mucosa nasal, dedos y, algunas veces, pulmones, tracto gastrointestinal, hígado, páncreas, médula ósea y cerebro. El tratamiento se basa en el control sintomático, pero recientemente se ha propuesto la administración de moléculas anti-factor de crecimiento de endotelio vascular (VEGF), en especial en pacientes que presentan sangrado recurrente. Presentación del caso. Paciente masculino de 67 años con diagnóstico de telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditaria (HHT) y hemorragia gastrointestinal severa potencialmente mortal. El paciente recibió múltiples cauterizaciones esofagogástricas sin obtener respuesta, por lo que ingresó en múltiples oportunidades al servicio de urgencias con niveles de hemoglobina incluso tan bajos como 3.5g/dL. Se inició tratamiento con bevacizumab con un novedoso esquema de 6 dosis de 5mg/k cada 14 días, lográndose aumentar los niveles de hemoglobina a 14g/dL durante la primera semana de tratamiento y estabilizando la enfermedad. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos sugieren que el bevacizumab puede ser una opción terapéutica en sangrado gastrointestinal recurrente y refractario secundario a HHT. Sin embargo, se requiere incluir una cohorte de pacientes más amplia para establecer la seguridad del medicamento y la dosificación apropiada para este tipo de pacientes.

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