Confiabilidad y validez de la escala de impulsividad de Barratt (BIS-11) en adolescentes / Reliability and validity of Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS-11) in adolescents

Introducción: La Escala de Impulsividad de Barratt (BIS) es uno de los instrumentos más frecuentemente usados para evaluar la impulsividad. Este artículo describe la confiabilidad y validez de la BIS-11 en adolescentes chilenos. Sujetos y Métodos: El estudio se efectuó en estudiantes de enseñanza media (n = 763). La confiabilidad se evaluó con análisis de consistencia interna y homogeneidad de los ítems. Para la validez se empleó coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y prueba t de student para muestras independientes. Resultados: La escala obtuvo un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,77 y su puntaje total correlacionó significativamente con impulsividad según DSM IV, impulsividad según reporte del profesor, intento de suicidio y consumo de alcohol. Conclusiones: La BIS-11 es una medida de impulsividad con adecuada confiabilidad y validez en esta población.

Background: The Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) is one of the most commonly used scales for the assessment of impulsiveness. This report describes the reliability and validity of the BIS-11. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in high school students (n = 763). The reliability was evaluated with analysis of internal consistency and homogeneity of the items. For the validity Pearson coefficient of correlation and the student t-test for independent sample were used. Results: The scale obtained a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0,77, and the total scores of the scale correlated significantly with impulsivity according to DSMIV, impulsivity according to the teacher, suicide attempt and alcohol consumption. Conclusions: The BIS-11 is a valid and reliable measure of impulsivity in this population.

Soledad, impulsividad, consumo de alcohol y su relación con suicidalidad en adolescentes / Association of loneliness, impulsivity and alcohol use with suicidal behavior in adolescents

Background: Suicide and suicide attempts are public health problems. Their prevention requives the detection ofpredictorfactors. Aim: To determine the predictive valué of loneliness, impulsivity and alcohol use on suicidal behavior in adolescents. Subjects and Methods: Suicidal behavior, Loneliness (UCLA), Impulsivity (Barratt) scales and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), were applied to 763 high school students aged 14 to 19years (49% males), livingin Chillan, Chile. Results: Nineteen percent of participants had attempted suicide and 34.3% had suicidal ideation. Loneliness, impulsivity and alcohol use were directly related to suicidal behavior. These predictors explained 31 % ofthe suicidal behavior. The most important risk factor was loneliness, followed by femóle gender, impulsivity and alcohol use. Conclusions: Loneliness, impulsivity and alcohol use are risk factors for suicide among adolescents. Women are at higher risk than men.

Confiabilidad, validez y punto de corte para escala de screening de suicidalidad en adolescentes / Reliability, validity and cutoff point for scale screening of suicidality in adolescents

Background: With the object to obtain a screening scale of suicidality, assesses the reliability and validity of the suicidality scale of Okasha et al and determine the cutoff point to identify a suicide attempt. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in high school students (n = 763, N = 13.825). The reliability was evaluated with analysis of internal consistency and homogeneity of the items. For the validity logistic regression and Pearson coefficient of correlation were used. The cutoff point was determined with Characteristic of Operation of the Receiver (ROC) curve and the area under the curve for the level of discriminatory exactitude. Results: The scale obtained a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0,89 and adequate homogeneity (item-total correlations corrected: r = 0.76 items 1 and 3; r = 0.82 item 2); discriminate between adolescents who have attempted suicide and those who did not (Wald de X2 (1)= 1.53, p < 0.001; coefficient b = 0.66; odds ratio = 1.94 (IC 95 percent: 1.75-2.16)). The area under ROC curve was of0.89. The cutoff point corresponded to 5 point, sensitivity = 90 percent and specificity = 79 percent. The scores of the scale correlated significantly with low self-esteem (r (761)= -0,52, p < 0.001), lower perceived social support (r (761) = -0,37, p < 0.001) and higher impulsivity (r (761) = 0,29, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The evaluated scale presents high internal consistency and homogeneity, with statistical of validity strongly significant and cutoff point adequate sensitivity and specificity.

Introducción: Con el objeto de obtener una escala de screening de suicidalidad, se evalúa confiabilidad, validez de la escala de suicidalidad de Okasha et al y se determina el puntaje de corte para identificar intento de suicidio. Sujetos y Métodos: El estudio se efectuó en estudiantes de enseñanza media (n = 763, N= 13.825). La confiabilidad se evaluó con análisis de consistencia interna y homogeneidad de los ítems. Para la validez se empleó regresión logística y coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. El punto de córtese determinó con curva Característica de Operación del Receptor (ROC) y se calculó el área bajo la curva para el nivel de exactitud discriminativa. Resultados: La escala obtuvo un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,89 y adecuada homogeneidad (correlaciones ítem-total corregido: r = 0,76 ítems 1 y 3; r = 0,82 ítem 2); discrimina entre adolescentes que han intentado suicidarse y aquellos que no (Wald de X2 (1) = 1,53, p < 0,001; coeficiente b = 0,66; odds ratio = 1,94 (IC 95 por ciento: 1,75-2,16)). El área bajo la curva ROC fue 0,89. El puntaje de corte correspondió a 5 puntos, con sensibilidad = 90 por ciento y especificidad = 79 por ciento. El puntaje de la escala correlacionó significativamente con baja autoestima (r (761)= -0,52, p < 0,001), menor apoyo social percibido (r (761)= -0,37, p < 0,001) y mayor nivel de impulsividad (r (761) = 0,29, p < 0,001). Conclusiones: La escala evaluada presenta alta consistencia interna y homogeneidad, con estadísticos de validez fuertemente significativos y punto de corte con adecuada sensibilidad y especificidad.