RESUMO
@#Distal oesophageal spasm is a rare condition that affects the motility of the oesophagus. It can be diagnosed by highresolution oesophageal manometry and the diagnosis is supported by other modalities such as barium swallow and esophagogastroduodenoscopy examinations. Treatment options include pharmacological therapy, endoscopy and surgical interventions. We described a case of distal oesophageal spasm in an elderly patient who presented with chronic dyspepsia.
RESUMO
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a common infectious disease worldwide. However, mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis complicated by oesophageal involvement and oesophago-respiratory fistula is now uncommon due to improved anti-tuberculous regimes and better general awareness. The overall incidence of acquired oesophago-respiratory fistula due to infection is low, and therefore, the lesion is not often a frontrunner in differential diagnosis. Still, tuberculous oesophago-respiratory fistulae can potentially occur in patients with retroviral disease, as they tend to have atypical and more virulent manifestations. In this study, we report the case of multiple oesophago-respiratory fistulae in a patient with PTB and retroviral disease, and highlight the computed tomography features of these lesions as an atypical presentation of PTB in retroviral disease. Clinicians should suspect oesophago-respiratory fistulae if patients present with Ono’s sign, and remain particularly vigilant for patients with underlying PTB and retroviral disease, as early diagnosis and treatment could help to reduce mortality.