RESUMO
Background: Assessment of the oral health is very important to organize the community based programs which is a key of promoting the health system and this includes assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of oral hygiene. Different results of Researches have proved that Oral health practices are poor in Pakistan. Specially, majority of population are school going children, who is suffering from dental caries and periodontal diseases. So according to need of health development in Pakistan, Oral hygiene KAP Assessment is a basic step for policy evolution
Aim: To assess the Oral hygiene knowledge, attitude and practice among school children aged 12-14 years, students of class 6 to 7 group at Ali Raza Abad, Lahore
Method: A cross sectional community based survey was conducted at Ali Raza Abad, Lahore. Convenience sampling technique was used to collect the data from respondents. Study conducted in November-December 2015. Closed ended questionnaire was used. Data was gathered from school children aged 12-14 years, students of class 6 to 7 group living at community Ali Raza Abad Lahore. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data and descriptive statistics and chi- square was applied. Statistical difference present if p value is less than 0.05
Results: Out of total children, 64% children did not have knowledge about fluoride, statistical difference found between both genders with p value 0.007 which shows female students are more knowledgeable. 50% of children do not visit the dentists, 26% visited during pain. 67% said that regular visit to the dentists is necessary. Reason behind not visiting the dentists are high cost treatment 14%, no clinic nearby 28%, no time 58%. 98% children brush their teeth daily. It was seen that 54% subjects brush their teeth once a day. No statistical difference found between both genders related to oral hygiene attitude and practices
Conclusion: It is concluded that students have adequate knowledge about dental hygiene but they do not know the use of fluoride and its function. Female students are more knowledgeable as compared to the male students. Practices are not fair enough has mostly brushed less than two minutes. There is a great need of providing dental services in the schools located in the rural areas because majority did not visit the doctors due to time shortage
RESUMO
Background of study: Long acting contraceptives are probably best methods to protect against for pregnancy as they require no follow up visit, and very low profile of side effects. They need little attention after insertion and prevent pregnancy for a long period of time. Still the usage of implant and IUCD are 0.0% and 2.5% respectively. Aim of this study is to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Beliefs about long acting reversible contraceptives among married women of reproductive age residing in peripheral part of Lahore
Method: A cross sectional community based survey using convenience sampling technique was used to collect data from the respondents. Study conducted from Feb 2015 to June 2015. A close ended questionnaire was used. Participants were married women of reproductive age living in community of Ali Raza-abad Lahore. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data and descriptive statistics and chi- square was applied
Results: Among 154 respondents, 34% have knowledge about the implant while 73% have idea about IUCD. Only 20% women were knowing that use of implant can effectively prevent pregnancy. 44.8% have clear concept regrading protective role of IUCD against pregnancy. 55.2% women do not know how long they are protected from pregnancy while using IUCD. Decision regarding use of contraception were taken jointly by husband and wife in 68.8% of cases. Only 31% respondents said IUCD do not restrict normal routine activities while 38% do not know about it
Conclusion: It is concluded that majority of the respondents did not have appropriate awareness about implants. Although awareness increases with age but at the same most of married women were found reluctant to use long acting reversible contraceptive method due to different false belief