RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular ultrasound has emerged over the last decade as a useful tool for diagnosing peripheral neuropathy. Because nerve enlargement is the most important diagnostic marker of an abnormal nerve, quantification of nerve size is essential. METHODS: We included 80 healthy volunteers aged 21-60 years. The nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured in all participants at the following common compressive sites: bilateral median nerve at the carpal tunnel and forearm, ulnar nerve at the wrist and medial epicondyle, radial nerve at the spiral groove, peroneal nerve at the fibular head and popliteal fossa, and tibial nerve at the popliteal fossa. Anatomical variants were also evaluated, including a bifid median nerve and persistent median artery. RESULTS: The CSAs were 9.58+/-1.55, 6.87+/-1.61, 4.72+/-0.91, 6.64+/-1.33, 6.48+/-1.68, 12.35+/-3.55, and 26.98+/-6.92 mm2 (mean+/-SD) for the median nerve at the carpal tunnel and forearm, ulnar nerve at the wrist and medial epicondyle, radial nerve at the spiral groove, peroneal nerve at the fibular head, and tibial nerve at the popliteal fossa, respectively. The nerve CSA was significantly larger in men than in women and was correlated with body mass index, weight, and height. A bifid median nerve and persistent median artery were seen in 12 (7.5%) and 4 (2.5%) of 160 hands, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The information produced in this study can serve as reference data when evaluating these nerve sites using ultrasound.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Artérias , Índice de Massa Corporal , Antebraço , Mãos , Cabeça , Voluntários Saudáveis , Nervo Mediano , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico , Nervo Fibular , Nervo Radial , Valores de Referência , Nervo Tibial , Nervo Ulnar , Ultrassonografia , PunhoRESUMO
Lemierre's syndrome is characterized by anaerobic bacterial infection in the head and neck, causing thrombophlebitis of the jugular vein. This disease is usually associated with a history of pharyngitis. The most common pathogens are Fusobacterium species, particularly Fusobacterium necrophorum. Lemierre's syndrome is seen most commonly in teenagers and young adults. We present a case report of a 67-year-old man with an atypical clinical manifestation of an uncommon pathogen in Lemierre's syndrome with epilepsia partialis continua.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Idoso , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Infecções Bacterianas , Epilepsia Parcial Contínua , Fusobacterium , Fusobacterium necrophorum , Cabeça , Veias Jugulares , Síndrome de Lemierre , Pescoço , Faringite , Tromboflebite , Trombose VenosaRESUMO
A hyperintensity in the subarachnoid space on fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) images is often caused by diseases such as subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis. Oxygen has a known paramagnetic effect and also causes signal changes in the subarachnoid space on FLAIR images. These changes usually develop when the inspired air contains a high oxygen fraction. Here we present a patient with a hyperintensity in the subarachnoid space on FLAIR images whose inspired air contained only a low oxygen fraction.
Assuntos
Humanos , Meningite , Oxigênio , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea , Espaço SubaracnóideoRESUMO
No abstract available.