RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones are important antimicrobials for treating invasive salmonellosis, and emerging resistance to these antimicrobials is of paramount concern. METHODS: A total of 30 Salmonella spp. clinical isolates recovered in Gyeongsangbuk-do from 2012 to 2013 were characterized using antibiotic resistance profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS: A high prevalence of multidrug-resistant isolates, mainly showing an ampicillin, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol resistance pattern, was observed. Four extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates (3 CTX-M-15 isolates and 1 CTX-M-27 isolate) were found. The bla(CTX-M-27) gene was carried by an IncF conjugative plasmid in the S. Infantis isolate. The bla(CTX-M-15) gene were carried by an IncF (2 isolates) or IncHI2 (1 isolate) conjugative plasmid in S. Enteritidis. In addition, a single mutation of GyrA, Ser83Thr (1 isolates), Asp87Tyr (9 isolates), Asp87Gly (4 isolates), and Asp87Leu (3 isolates), was detected in nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella spp. isolates. XbaI PFGE analysis of all isolates revealed more than 19 different pulsotypes. The most common S. Enteritidis PFGE pattern (SEGX01.003) was associated with a larger number of cases of invasive salmonellosis than all other patterns. CONCLUSION: The information from our study can assist in source attribution, outbreak investigations, and tailoring of interventions to maximize disease prevention.
Assuntos
Ampicilina , beta-Lactamases , Cefalosporinas , Resistência ao Cloranfenicol , Resistência a Medicamentos , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Fluoroquinolonas , Ácido Nalidíxico , Plasmídeos , Prevalência , Infecções por Salmonella , SalmonellaRESUMO
Assuntos
Humanos , Fosfatase Alcalina , Cálcio , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Proliferação de Células , Dexametasona , Durapatita , Glucocorticoides , Osteoblastos , Osteogênese , Osteonecrose , Osteoporose , Periósteo , FenótipoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The multicomponent cognitive-behavioral group treatment program is an effective treatment for fear of flying (FOF). In Korea, the effect of this treatment has not yet been studied. This is a preliminary study to assess the program's effect for Koreans with FOF. METHODS: Among 11 patients who participated in the treatment program, 10 completed the program, and data of 9 patients were obtained. Patients participated in individual treatment phase by diagnosis and symptoms, and in the group treatment phase for 2 days, composed of education on flight and anxiety, relaxation technique, cognitive reconstruction, imaginary exposure, mock-up treatment, real flight, etc. Flying history, Visual Analogue Flight Anxiety Scale (VAFAS), Flight Anxiety Situation Questionnaire (FAS) with 3 subscales (generalized, anticipatory, in-flight), Flight anxiety Modality Questionnaire (FAM) with 2 subscale (somatic, cognitive) were assessed before treatment and at 3 months after completion of the program. RESULTS: 8 patients made flights within 3 months after treatment. VAFAS, FAS total, 3 FAS subscales, FAM, and 2 FAM subscales were all decreased significantly after treatment. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that the multicomponent cognitive-behavioral group treatment program is effective for Koreans with FOF.
Assuntos
Humanos , Ansiedade , Diagnóstico , Dípteros , Educação , Coreia (Geográfico) , Relaxamento , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study proposed to develop the Korean version of the WHO Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF) and to test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF compared with the Korean version of WHOQOL. METHOD: The Korean version of the WHOQOL-BREF, which was developed according to WHO guidelines, was piloted on 538 respondents, including 171 medical patients from outpatient clinics at Severance hospital and 367 healthy subjects. A total of 489 respondents completed the study. To assess the test-retest reliability, 113 subjects repeated the rating within a 3-week interval. RESULTS: Correlations for test-retest reliability in all item scores of Korean versions of the WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF were highly significant (p< .0001). Differences between domain scores of the Korean version of the WHOQOL-BREF and those of the Korean version of WHOQOL were very small (mean differences=0.49). Domain scores produced by the Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF correlated significantly (p< .0001) with those of the WHOQOL. Cronbach alpha values were 0.898 and values for each domain were also high (0.583-0.777), which demonstrated good internal consistency. As for determining discriminant validity, scores were compared between gender, age groups, education levels, marital status, and health status. Differences in education levels and health status were statistically significant. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that four domain structures were appropriate (Bentler's comparative fit index: 0.859). For overall quality of life, the contribution of physical health domain was highest, followed by psychological and environmental domains. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the Korean version of the WHOQOL-BREF is a reliable and available test for assessing quality of life.
Assuntos
Humanos , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial , Inquéritos e Questionários , Educação , Estado Civil , Qualidade de Vida , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most typical progressive and irreversible dementia characterized by loss of intellectual capacity in many domains, altered behavior, inability to care for oneself, and ultimately neurologic abnormalities. In the treatment of AD, the focus is limited to relief of cognitive and behavioral symptoms. But the choice of adequate treatment according to severity level is difficult task for maintaining patient's quality of life. We experienced a case of typical presenile Alzheimer's disease who progressed severe dementia while being treated with cognitive enhancers and psychosocial intervention for three years. In review of this case, we conclude that early detection and active treatment of presenile dementia is most important factor for delaying of progress and decreasing of family burden.