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Objective To explore the factors that are closely related to the sensitivity of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) by analyzing the procedure-related factors, hoping to improve the operation of EBUS-TBNA. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on all the 393 cases that had received EBUS-TBNA from Jan, to Dec, 2015 in Changhti Hospital, Second Military Medical University. Positive rates under different conditions such as working experiences of bronchoscopy operators, the types of patients, the types of anesthesia, the positions and sizes of biopsied lymph node, the numbers of biopsied lymph node groups, and the puncture times of each single lymphnode were investigated. Logistic regression models and χ2-test were used to identify factors associated with the sensitivity of EBUS- TBNA. Results Our findings showed that the positive rates of EBUS-TBNA were not related to the different working periods as a bronchoscopy operators, types of patients (outpatient or hospitalization), types of anesthesia (local anesthesia or additional intravenous sedation to a local anesthetic), different positions of biopsied lymph node, the puncture times of each single lymph node or the numbers of different groups of lymph node chosen for biopsy. The maximum diameters of punctured lymph nodes under ultrasound interface were found related to the diagnosis rate of EBUS-TBNA (P2. 0 cm (P2. 0 cm lymph nodes should be chosen when possible.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy and the influence on quality of life (QOL) of syndrome differentiation treatment with Chinese medicine (CM) for opioid-induced constipation as well as the safety and influence on analgesic effect of opioids.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 406 cases enrolled from 53 collaborating medical centers were randomly assigned to a CM group and a control group. The CM group were treated with CM decoction based on syndrome differentiation, and the control group were treated with Phenolphthalein Tablet. Both groups were treated for 14 days. Cleveland constipation score (CCS), numerical rating scale (NRS) of pain and Chinese version of European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 V3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30 V3.0) were used to evaluate the efficacy, pain controlled and QOL status.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The comparisons of CCS score reduction and QOL between the two groups after treatment suggested that the improvements of constipation and QOL in the CM group were better than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total efficiency of the CM group was better than the control group (93.5% vs. 86.4%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in NRS scores between before and after treatment in both groups. There was no serious drug-related adverse event during the course of study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CM decoction could effectively treat opioid-induced constipation and improve patients' QOL at the same time. It is safe and doesn't affect the analgesic effect of opioids when treating constipation.</p>