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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Bufeitang on intestinal flora of rats with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）， and to explore the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating intestinal flora and thus restoring the balance of lung-gut axis. MethodA total of 84 rats were randomly divided into 7 groups， including blank group， model group， fecal bacterial transplantation（FMT） group， dexamethasone group and low， medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang， 12 rats in each group. Except for the blank group， cigarette and sawdust fumigation combined with intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide（LPS） were used to establish the COPD rat model with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome in all other groups. The low， medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang were intragastric administrated with Bufeitang（3.645， 7.29， 14.58 g·kg-1）， the FMT group was given fecal bacteria liquid enema（10 mL·kg-1）， dexamethasone group was given dexamethasone acetate tablet suspension by gavage（0.135 mg·kg-1）， the blank group and model group were given equal amount of distilled water. Fresh feces were collected after 28 d of continuous intervention for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Lung and colon tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin（HE） for pathomorphological observation， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was performed to detect the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-8（IL-8） in lung tissues. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed severe abnormal lung tissue structure with alveolar atrophy and collapse accompanied by severe inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the model group， the extent of injury was significantly improved， and inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced with basically normal alveolar structure in the high dose group of Bufeitang. Compared with the blank group， the model group had severely abnormal colonic tissue structure， the epithelial cells in the mucosal layer were eroded and shed， the number of inflammatory cells increased， the submucosal layer was edematous and the gap was enlarged. Compared with the model group， the extent of damage was significantly improved in the medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang， the epithelial cells in the mucosal layer were neatly and closely arranged， with only a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and no significant degeneration. Compared with the blank group， the TNF-α and IL-8 levels of lung tissue in the model group were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the TNF-α and IL-8 levels of lung tissues in the low， medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang were significantly decreased（P<0.01）. Bufeitang significantly modulated the number of bacteria species as well as alpha and beta diversity of model rats， corrected the return of intestinal flora to normal abundance and diversity， and positively regulated 4 differential phyla（such as Firmicutes， Proteobacteria） and 13 differential genera（such as Turicibacter， Lactobacillus， Anaerobiospirillum， Intestinimonas） in COPD model rats with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome， and down-regulated 2 carbohydrate metabolic pathway functions， including the pentose phosphate pathway（non-oxidative branch） Ⅰ and the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle. ConclusionBufeitang can modulate the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora species， affect the function of metabolic pathways， repair the structure of lung and colon tissues， regulate the level of inflammatory factors， and thus improve COPD with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome. The mechanism may be related to its regulation of inflammation-related intestinal flora to restore the balance of lung-gut axis in COPD with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome.
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Objectives To investigate the effects of military stress and psychological resilience on job burnout and mental health in military personnel and construct the relationship among resilience,job burnout and mental health during military stress.Methods By cluster random sampling,520 personnel in army taking part in the war-game were selected as the experimental group,and another group of 520 who not taking part in the wargame were selected as the control group.After one week of the war-game,the experimental group and control group were investigated by Military Personnel Mental Disorder Prediction Scale,Military Job Burnout Scale and Military Personnel Resilience Scale.The acquired datum were analyzed by t-test,correlation analysis,regression analysis and structural equation modeling analysis.Results (1) The total scores of mental disorder prediction and factor scores of psychosis,depression,mania,neurosis,personality disorder were((15.85±9.30),(0.36±0.91),(1.10±1.53),(2.66±1.78),(1.16± 1.57),(2.04± 1.83)) and the total scores of job burnout and its all factor scores were((23.05±9.40),(5.13±2.47),(3.19±2.18),(5.16±3.01),(1.71 ± 1.66),(3.29±2.21)) of experimental group were significantly higher than control group((11.20±6.24),(0.11 ±0.53),(0.55± 1.10),(1.89± 1.50),(0.51± 1.02),(1.10±1.13),(17.92±9.64),(4.28±2.92),(2.64±2.06),(3.84±2.46),(1.26± 1.37),(2.77±2.43),P=0.000).(2)Psychological resilience negatively correlated with job burnout and mental health(r=-0.52～-0.09,P＜0.05),and job burnout positively correlated with mental health (r=0.12 ～ 0.57,P＜0.01).(3) Under the military stress,psychological resilience was the accommodation to effect the mental health and job burnout of military personnel.(4)The analysis of structural equation modeling showed that psychological resilience had a direct effect on job burnout(the path coefficient was-0.56,P＜0.01),but it had no significant effect on mental health (the path coefficient was-0.06,P=0.302).Job burnout had a direct effect on mental health (the path coefficient was 0.73,P＜0.01),and the structural equation modeling fitted the data very well(x2/ df =3.138,GFI =0.943,AGFI =0.911,NFI =0.930,RFI =0.905,IFI =0.952,TLI =0.933,CFI =0.951,RMSEA =0.065).Conclusion Military stress can lead to job burnout and mental disorders that could be moderated by psychological resilience.Job burnout can fully mediate the relation between psychological resilience and mental health.Psychological resilience effects mental health by job burnout indirectly.
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Objective To explore the effects of psychological intervention on military personnel' s social support,coping styles and psychosomatic health and their relationships.Methods Military gymnastics were taken as intervention method in this study.A total of 812 military personnel were administered the Military Personnel Scene-Trait Coping Style Scale (MPSTCSS),the Military Personnel Social Support Scale and the Simplified version of Psychosomatic Health Questionnaire.The data was processed by using t-test,correlative analysis,stepwise linear regression analysis and path analysis in SPSS version 17.0 and Amosl7.0.Results The scores of passive coping factor,subjective support factor score,physical symptoms and mental symptom in the experimental group were significantly lower than the those of control group(respectively,74.91 ± 20.46 vs 83.03 ± 25.1,2.02 ± 3.14 vs 2.60 ± 2.71,5.58 ± 6.00 vs 26.98 ± 4.96,3.91 ± 4.80 vs 23.01 ± 4.31,P≤ 0.05).The scores of active coping factor in the experimental group (133.66 ± 23.30) were significantly higher than the those of the control group (130.07 ± 24.88,P ＜ 0.05).Passive coping of the experimental group positively correlated with all single factors of social support and psychosomatic health (r =0.410 ～ 0.512,P ＜ 0.01).Active coping of experimental group negatively correlated with all single factors of social support and psychosomatic health(r =-0.300～-0.418,P ＜ 0.01).All single factors of social support positively correlated with psychosomatic health(r=0.349 ～ 0.561,P ＜ 0.01).Regression analysis showed that social support,passive coping and active coping were entered into the regressive function(P≤0.030),accounting for 37％ of total variance.The influence of coping styles on psychosomatic health was enhanced by intervention of social support.A pathway model of social support as mediator of relationship between psychosomatic health and coping styles was established,the fitting indexes of which were as follows:x2/ df =1.799 (P =0.055),GFI =0.988,AGFI =0.965,CFI =0.996,RMSEA =0.044.Conclusion Military gymnastic could effectively improve the military personnel' s capacity for coping,subjective support,and psychosomatic health.Social support and scene-trait coping style would exert significant effects on military personnel' s psychosomatic health.Social support mediates the relationship between coping styles and psychosomatic health.
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OBJECTIVE To study the risk factors and control measures for needle injury,so that to provide relevant information for epidemiological studies of needle injury.METHODS The Needle injury of the worker′s age,type,location,operation links,workload and the spread exposed source were investigated,in the medical staff from Jan 2005 to Dec 2007 including 155 cases of needle injury(125 medical staff).RESULTS The survey showed that the risk factors of needle injury were short working age,lack understanding of needle injury,needles being putted cap back again,naked needles and busy working.CONCLUSIONS The control measures for Needle injury are to strengthen occupational training,dispose contaminated needles timely,avoid needles being naked,forbid needles being putted cap back again,and assign people reasonably.
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OBJECTIVE To compare and analyze the drug resistance of Chryseobacterium meningosepticum which producing metallo-?-lactamase(MBL) and extended-spectrum-?-lactamases(ESBLs) from ICU patients′ and non ICU patients′ specimens of sputa so as to guide the rational application of antibiotics.METHODS Identified the strains with VITEK 32,MBL and ESBLs were also screened by double disk synergy;the antimicrobial sensitivity of clinical isolates was tested by VITEK GNS143 and the antimicrobial sensitivity was added and tested by K-B method.RESULTS As a result the rate of producing MBL of C.meningosepticum was 49.0% from ICU patients′ specimens of sputa which was higher than the rate of 13.8% from non ICU patients′;the rate of producing ESBLs of C.meningosepticum was 37.2% from ICU patients′ specimens of sputa which was higher than the rate of 30.6% from non ICU patients′;the rate of drug resistance to AMP/SUB,TZP,CEP,CIP,and LEV from ICU patients′ was higher than that from non ICU patients.CONCLUSIONS Why the high resistance rate of C.mengingosepticum in ICU patients′ specimens of sputa might be due to the high producing ?-lactamases(MBL and ESBLs).