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Objective@#To investigate the trend in incidence of stroke in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the integrated strategy for stroke control.@* Methods@#The data of stroke morbidity in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021 were collected through Shenzhen Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Management System. The incidence of stroke was calculated, and standardized by the population of the Chinese Sixth National Census in 2010. The trends in stroke incidence were evaluated in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021 using annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC), and gender-, age- and subtype-specific incidence of stroke was descriptively analyzed. @*Results@#A total of 30 377 cases with stroke were reported in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021, with a crude incidence rate of 190.45/105 and a standardized incidence rate of 405.65/105. The crude incidence rate of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021 (APC=5.38%, t=4.678, P=0.001), and a higher crude incidence rate of stroke was seen among men than among women (227.57/105 vs. 148.40/105; χ2=1 309.580, P<0.001). The incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (χ2trend =435.717, P<0.001), and there was a tendency towards a rise in stroke incidence among residents under 40 years of age (APC=2.89%, t=2.538, P=0.029). The crude incidence of ischemic stroke was 151.24/105, which was higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke (39.21/105) (χ2=10 521.000, P<0.001). @*Conclusions@#The incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021, with ischemic stroke as the predominant subtype of stroke. Males and middle-aged and elderly residents should be given a high priority for stroke prevention and treatment.
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Objective@#To investigate the status and identify the influencing factors of smoking behaviors among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, so as to provide insights into tobacco control. @*Methods@#Permanent residents at ages of more than 18 years were recruited from 17 communities in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City using the stratified multistage random sampling method from July to November, 2018. Participants' demographic features, smoking, smoking cessation and exposure to secondhand smoke were collected using the Individual Questionnaire for 2018 Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance. The factors affecting current smoking were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#Totally 1 700 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 625 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 95.59%. The respondents included 714 men and 911 women, with a male to female ratio of 1∶1.27, and had a mean age of ( 45.13±13.59 ) years. The prevalence of current smoking was 15.51%, with 28.15% prevalence in men and 5.60% in women. The mean age of starting daily smoke was ( 21.00±5.52 ) years, and the mean daily smoking frequency was (13.53±9.15) cigarettes/d. The prevalence of smoking cessation was 6.58%, with 10.64% in men and 3.40% in women, and the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke was 41.42%, including 46.63% in men and 37.32% in women. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that an educational level of junior high school ( OR=1.683, 95%CI: 1.088-2.602 ), an educational level of high school/technical secondary school/vocational school (OR=1.687, 95%CI: 1.185-2.402), an occupation of farmers ( OR=2.514, 95%CI: 1.404-4.500 ), and an occupation of commercial and service personnel ( OR=1.939, 95%CI: 1.093-3.439 ) were associated with current smoking.@*Conclusion@# The prevalence of current smoking is low among residents in Nanshan District, but the prevalence of current smoking in women is higher than the national level. Educational level and occupation are main factors affecting current smoking.
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Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of current smoking and smoking cessation, and identify the influencing factors among hypertensive patients in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, so as to provide insights into smoking control among hypertensive patients.@*Methods@#The demographic features, life style, status of smoking and smoking cessation in hypertensive patients were collected from 69 community health centers in Nanshan District from 2017 to 2019. The gender- and age-specific prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation was estimated among hypertensive patients, and the factors affecting hypertensive patients' smoking and smoking cessation were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#Totally 4 385 patients with hypertension were enrolled, with a mean age of (58.41±11.19) years, and the participants included 2 265 men (51.65%) and 2 120 women (48.35%). There were 724 current smokers, and the prevalence of current smoking was 16.51%, with 29.71% prevalence in males and 2.41% in females. There were 424 hypertensive patients quitting smoking, and the prevalence of smoking cessation was 36.93%, with 38.20% prevalence in males. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified male ( OR=12.885, 95%CI: 9.567-17.354 ) and drinking ( OR=2.567, 95%CI: 2.118-3.111 ) as facilitating factors for current smoking among hypertensive patients, and increasing age (OR=0.723, 95%CI: 0.642-0.815) and high exercise frequency (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.817-0.950) as barrier factors, while male ( OR=7.309, 95%CI: 3.304-16.165), increasing age ( OR=1.381, 95%CI: 1.120-1.703 ), unmarried ( OR=1.819, 95%CI: 1.329-2.490 ), divorced ( OR=7.837, 95%CI: 1.254-48.975 ), retired ( OR=1.545, 95%CI: 1.095-2.180 ), unemployed (OR=1.801, 95%CI: 1.057-3.066), and high exercise frequency ( OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.096-1.360 ) were identified as facilitating factors for smoking cessation among hypertensive patients and widowed ( OR=0.285, 95%CI: 0.089-0.906 ), high educational level ( OR=0.766, 95%CI: 0.619-0.949 ), and drinking ( OR=0.488, 95%CI: 0.368-0.647 ) as barrier factors.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of smoking is lower, and the prevalence of smoking cessation is higher among hypertensive patients than among general populations in Nanshan District. Young and middle-aged, employed, widowed men with a high educational level are key populations for tobacco control, and alcohol consumption control and intensified exercises are important measures to reduce the prevalence of smoking and improve the prevalence of smoking cessation.
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Objective To investigate the role of protein phosphorylation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) strains in response to stress triggered by mouse macrophages.Methods The strong cation exchange-immobilized metal affinity chromatography (SCX-IMAC) was performed to enrich phosphopeptides.The nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (nano LC-MS/MS) was carried out to identify and analyze phosphoproteome.Results Fourteen phosphopeptides from twelve proteins were identified within thirty-one phosphorylation sites on serine,threonine and tyrosine residues.Fifty percent of these phosphorylated proteins were membrane proteins,indicating that their phosphorylation modification was more critical for bacteria in response to the stress.In terms of biological process of Gene Ontology,these identified proteins were involved in stress response,iron transport,anaerobic respiration,response to hydrogen peroxide and signal transduction by phosphorylation,etc.Conclusion These phosphorylated proteins in P.aeruginosa strains are necessary for signal transduction and their response to harsh environment within the macrophages,such as iron limitation,hypoxia and oxidative stress.This study provides evidence for further investigation on virulence and pathogenesis of P.aeruginosa.