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In China， the incidence of ischemic heart disease （IHD） is increasing year by year， which brings enormous burden to families and society. It is urgent to find preferable treatment methods and medical therapies. The Chinese ethnic minority medicine has gradually developed unique theoretical systems and therapeutic characteristics on the basis of clinical experience and thinking modes including image-number thinking and the holistic perspective. Consequently， it possesses huge application capacity and research value in prevention and treatment of IHD. Belonging to the medical system based on the view of nature and life， the Tibetan medicine， Mongolian medicine， and Dai medicine have respectively formed theories like "three elements" "three life-sustaining energies" "four elements and five skandhas （aggregates）" ， have put forward unique understandings of IHD and have formed corresponding therapeutic principles and methods， generating plentiful classic prescriptions represented by Sanwei Tanxiang powder， Bawei Chenxiang powder， Roukou Wuwei pills and Yajiao Hadun powder. They also contain characteristic ethnic medicine resources such as Choerospondiatis Fructus， Rhodiola Rosea and Draconis Sanguis. Aiming to provide enlightenment and reference for the clinical application and development of the Chinese ethnic minority medicine for the prevention and treatment of IHD， the authors try to summarize the related researches represented by Tibetan and Mongolian medicines， and then discuss the opportunities and challenges faced by such researches.
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【Objective】 To evaluate the ability of different disinfection methods to remove nucleic acid pollution in 2019-nCoV so as to obtain the best removal scheme. 【Methods】 2019-nCoV positive quality control nucleic acid of 50 μL was applied to plastic， metal and glass with medical cotton swabs， respectively. After drying， we dropped 50 μL of 750 mL/L alcohol （ethanol）， chlorine-containing disinfectant （2 000 mg/L and 5 500 mg/L）， and PCR Cleaner， respectively. After 1 min， the contaminated area was wiped with medical cotton swabs and soaked in 300 μL of pure water. After shaking and mixing， 5 μL was taken as a template. The Ct values of ORF1ab and N genes and IC genes of internal standard fragment in the amplified target area of 2019-nCoV after wiping with different disinfection methods were compared to evaluate the effect of eliminating nucleic acid pollution， and each experiment was repeated for three times. Similarly， the effects of ultraviolet irradiation for 0， 1， 2， 3， 4， and 5 hours on the removal of nucleic acid pollution were compared. 【Results】 After 2 000 mg/L and 5 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant wiped the contaminated area， the Ct values of ORF1ab and N genes and IC genes of internal standard fragment in the amplified target area in 2019-nCoV were all 0， and the Ct values of all genes in the contaminated area in groups 3， 4 and 5 h after UV irradiation were all 0， which completely cleared the pollution and had a strong effect. The effect of PCR Cleaner was second， and 750 mL/L ethanol was the worst. 【Conclusion】 2 000 mg/L and 5 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant and ultraviolet irradiation for 3 hours have the best effect of eliminating nucleic acid pollution， which is worth popularizing under appropriate conditions.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of local treatment for the prognosis of hormonesensitive metastatic prostate cancer.Methods A systematic review of the literature about local treatment for the prognosis of hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer was performed,searching Medline,Embase,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wan Fang database from January 2001 to October 2016.Two authors reviewed the records to identify comparative studies.A meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.0.Results Five studies were enrolled,including 29 354 patients.Meta-analysis showed that,compared with no local treatment,local treatment had a significant beneficial effect in 5-year overall survival rate (OR =0.18,95 ％ CI 0.15-0.22,P ＜ 0.01),5-year disease specific survival rate (OR =0.39,95 ％ CI 0.31-0.49,P＜0.01) as well as 3-year overall survival rate (OR =0.47,95％ CI 0.35-0.62,P＜0.01).Sub-group analysis showed that,compared with no local treatment,prostatectomy had a significant beneficial effect in 5-year overall survival rate (OR =0.17,95 ％ CI 0.12-0.25,P ＜ 0.01),5-year disease specific survival rate (OR =0.30,95％ CI 0.22-0.40,P ＜0.01) as well as 3-year overall survival rate (OR=0.25,95％CI 0.19-0.32,P ＜0.01),and external beam radiation therapy only had a significant beneficial effect in 3-year overall survival rate (OR =0.54,95％ CI 0.42-0.69,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Prostatectomy and external beam radiation therapy may have a survival benefit for hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer.Prospective randomized controlled studies are necessary because of the limits of current studies.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of local treatment for the prognosis of hormonesensitive metastatic prostate cancer.Methods A systematic review of the literature about local treatment for the prognosis of hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer was performed,searching Medline,Embase,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wan Fang database from January 2001 to October 2016.Two authors reviewed the records to identify comparative studies.A meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.0.Results Five studies were enrolled,including 29 354 patients.Meta-analysis showed that,compared with no local treatment,local treatment had a significant beneficial effect in 5-year overall survival rate (OR =0.18,95 ％ CI 0.15-0.22,P ＜ 0.01),5-year disease specific survival rate (OR =0.39,95 ％ CI 0.31-0.49,P＜0.01) as well as 3-year overall survival rate (OR =0.47,95％ CI 0.35-0.62,P＜0.01).Sub-group analysis showed that,compared with no local treatment,prostatectomy had a significant beneficial effect in 5-year overall survival rate (OR =0.17,95 ％ CI 0.12-0.25,P ＜ 0.01),5-year disease specific survival rate (OR =0.30,95％ CI 0.22-0.40,P ＜0.01) as well as 3-year overall survival rate (OR=0.25,95％CI 0.19-0.32,P ＜0.01),and external beam radiation therapy only had a significant beneficial effect in 3-year overall survival rate (OR =0.54,95％ CI 0.42-0.69,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Prostatectomy and external beam radiation therapy may have a survival benefit for hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer.Prospective randomized controlled studies are necessary because of the limits of current studies.
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Objective:To determine the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) scans in identify-ing the residual retroperitoneal tumor after chemotherapy of testis germ cell tumors. Methods:Sixteen testis germ cell tumor patients with metastasis of retroperitoneal lymph nodes who were treated in our hospital from February 2014 to December 2016 were select-ed for the study from February 2014 to December 2016. After 4-6 cycles of chemotherapy, their CT scans showed residual masses with diameters greater than 2 cm. The retroperitoneal lymph nodes were dissected after the 18F-FDG PET exam. The post-surgery pathology results were compared with the results of the 18F-FDG PET exam. Results:Residual tumors were found in 5 of 10 patients with 18F-FDG PET positive. Residual tumor was absent in 4 of 6 patients with 18F-FDG PET negative, while residual mature teratoma tumors were found in two patients. The accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the 18F-FDG PET exam were 56.25%(9/16), 71.42%(5/7), 44.44%(4/9), 50.00%(5/10), and 66.67%(4/6), respectively. Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET is highly sensitive. However, many factors influence the result of 18F-FDG PET. Mature teratoma leads to a false negative re-sult, whereas massive tissue inflammation leads to a false positive result. Therefore, more clinical examinations should be made.
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Objective@#To investigate the safety and efficacy of the Weitan Waifu patch on the postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome (PGS) of gastrointestinal cancer.@*Methods@#The multi-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted with superiority design. Patients with PGS of gastrointestinal cancer diagnosed in 4 AAA hospitals and the abdominal symptom manifested as cold syndrome by Chinese local syndrome differentiation were recruited. These patients were randomly divided into two groups according to 1∶1 proportion. Placebo or Weitan Waifu patch was applied in control group or intervention group, respectively, based on the basic treatments, including nutrition support, gastrointestinal decompression, promoting gastric dynamics medicine.Two acupuncture points (Zhongwan and Shenque) were stuck with placebo in control group or patch in treatment group. The intervention course was 14 days or reached the effective standard.@*Results@#From July 15, 2013 to Jun 3, 2015, 128 participants were recruited and 120 eligible cases were included in the full analysis set (FAS), and 60 cases in each group. 88 cases were included in the per-protocol set (PPS), including 45 cases in the treatment group and 43 cases in the control group. In the FAS, the clinical effective rate in the treatment group was 68.3%, significantly superior than 41.7% of the control group (P=0.003). The medium time of effective therapy in the treatment group was 8 days, significantly shorter than 10 days in the control group (P=0.017). In the FAS, 3 adverse events occurred in the treatment group, including mild to moderate decrustation, pruritus and nausea. The incidence rate of adverse events was 5.0% (3/60) and these symptoms were spontaneously remitted after drug withdrawal. No severe adverse events were observed in the control group. There was no significant difference between these two groups (P=0.244).@*Conclusion@#Weitan Waifu patch is a safely and effectively therapeutic method for patients with PGS (cold syndrome) of gastroenterological cancer.@*Trial registration@#International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Register, ISRCTN18291857
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In this study, the internal transcribed spacer 2 of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS2) sequence was used for i-dentifying A nemone raddeana and its adulterants to ensure the quality of medicines and clinical efficacy. Genomic DNA was extracted from 36 samples using Genomic DNA kit and used as templates for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed by CodonCode Aligner. The intraspe-cific and interspecific genetic distances were computed and the neighbor-joining tree was constructed by MEGA 5.1 in accordance with the Kimura 2-Parameter (K-2P) model. Results: The length of ITS2 sequence of A nemone rad-deana was 216 bp. The Maximum intraspecific genetic distance was 0.014, the minimum interspecific genetic dis-tance was 0.021. The NJ tree showed that A . raddeana differ from its adulterants obviously. Conclusion: ITS2 se-quence was able to identify A . raddeana and its adulterants correctly stably and correctly, which provides a new tech-nique to its identification.
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Objective To investigate and evaluate the iodine nutritional status of school-age children in Yi county of Heibei Province,and to provide scientific basis for the development of control measures to iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Retrospectinely analyzed school-age children urinary iodine monitoring results of Yi County of Hebei Province from 1998 to 2011.One township was selected randomly in each of the five directions (east,west,south,north and center) from 1998 to 2011.One elementary school was randomly chosen in each of the five townships.And at least 20 urine samples of 8-10 years old children were randomly collected in each school selected.Urinary iodine contents were determined through arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method.Urinary iodine determination standard according to The Standard of Iodine Deficiency Disorders Elinination (GB 16006-2008) and The Iodine Deficiency Disorders Elinination Guide.Results A total of 1725 children urinary samples were collected from 1998 to 2011,urinary median was 243.26 μg/L,each of the median urinary iodine was higher than 100 μg/L.The ratio of urinary iodine less than 100 μg/L was ＜ 50％ over the years,and less than 50 μg/L was ＜ 20％.Overall,the highest value of urinary iodine stayed at approximately 200 μg/L,showing positively skewed distribution that was skewed to the right.Urinary iodine level was compared among different ages,gender and ethnicity,and the difference was not statistically significant(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In recent years,the iodine intake of school-age children of Yi County can meet the body needs,and the iodine nutrition is at an appropriate level.
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Objective To investigate the pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of Ceftriaxone-associated urinary tract and biliary pseudolithiasis in children.Methods A 6-year-old boy was treated in our hospital in March 2011.The initial diagnosis was acute suppurative tonsillitis.Ceftriaxone was administered intravenously at a dose of 3 g/d [ 117 mg/( kg · d) ]for three days.After that the boy complained of bilateral abdominal pain and nausea.Abdominal sonogram obtained after cessation of ceftriaxone treatment revealed urinary tract and gallbladder stone and hydronephrosis.After cessation of ceftriaxone treatment and intubation tube into the ureters by cystoscope,symptoms gradually disappeared and renal function recovered.Results After cessation of ceftriaxone treatment,symptoms gradually disappeared,with urinary tract CT scan normal after 10 days.Urinary tract and gallbladder sonograms were found to be normal 22 days after diagnosis without specific treatment.Followed up for 1 month,no recurrence of stone was observed.Conclusions Ceftriaxone-associated urinary tract and biliary pseudolithiasis in children is rare.These complications generally resolve spontaneously with cessation of the ceftriaxone therapy.Physicians should be aware of these complications so as to avoid unnecessary therapeutic procedures.
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Three patients with nutcracker syndrome (NCS) were enrolled in the study. Their clinical symptoms mainly included proteinuria and serious varicocele. Color Doppler ultrasound and computed tomography showed that the patients had constricted abdominal aortas, reduced superior mesenteric artery angles, and thinned left renal veins. Patients then underwent left spermatic vein ligation and iliac vein anastomosis. They were checked three months after their operation, and results showed that their sperms were improved and their proteinuria disappeared. The color Doppler ultrasound showed new cycle pathways. NCS clinical manifestations are complicated, and need combination diagnosis of symptoms and auxiliary examination to determine surgical indications. Ligation of spermatic vein and vein anastomosis can be used to treat NCS.
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Veia Ilíaca , Cirurgia Geral , Ligadura , Proteinúria , Diagnóstico , Patologia , Síndrome do Quebra-Nozes , Diagnóstico , Patologia , Cirurgia Geral , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores , Varicocele , Diagnóstico , PatologiaRESUMO
Prostate cancer is one of the most common visceral malignancies in human. In recent years, its incidence has dramatically increased in China. 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors can block the biological effects of dihydrotestosterone by restraining the transformation from testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, and therefore can be used for the chemoprevention of prostate cancer. Two large clinical trials on the chemoprevention of prostate cancer (the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial and the Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events) were completed in 2003 and 2008, respectively, bringing the global interests on this topic. However, the interpretations of these two trials and the possible recommendations on clinical applications remain controversial.
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Humanos , Masculino , Inibidores de 5-alfa Redutase , Usos Terapêuticos , Quimioprevenção , Neoplasias da PróstataRESUMO
In 2005, an avian influenza virus stain was isolated from Parrot in Guangdong, which was then genotyped as H5N2 subtype and designated as A/Parrot/Guangdong/268/2005. According to the current OIE definition on the low-pathogenicity of avian influenza virus, the strain was recognized as a low pathogenic avian influenza virus due to the presence of one basic amino acid residue at the HA cleavage site. Some molecular characteristics of the virus, such as potential glycosylation sites in HA and NA, receptor binding sites of HA, and drug resistance site of NA, showed no variations. To analyze molecular evolution of this strain, we selected the sequences of H5N2 subtype AIVs from GenBank and established the phylogenetic trees. Our results indicated that this strain shared the highest homologies with the H5N2 LPAI isolate A/Pheasant/NJ/1355/1998-like. Phylogenic analysis revealed the isolate, together with A/Chicken/Pennsylvania/1/1983 (H5N2), belonged to America lineages and clustered with A/Pheasant/NJ/1355/1998-like.
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Animais , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Evolução Molecular , Genes Virais , Genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N2 , Genética , Influenza Aviária , Virologia , Papagaios , Virologia , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Proteínas Virais , Química , GenéticaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide reliable evidence of "J in three-needle therapy" for treatment of stroke.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Multi-central randomized controlled trials were adopted, 180 hemiplegia patients of ischemic stroke were randomly divided into a fin three-needle group (90 cases) and a routine acupuncture group (90 cases). Two groups were both treated with basic neurology therapies, and J in three-needle group was treated with J in three-needle therapy, three acupoints of tempora, hand and foot etc. were selected; the routine acupuncture group was treated with traditional acupuncture, Quchi (LI 11), Huantiao (GB 30), Futu (ST 32) etc. were selected. Both groups were treated with acupuncture for 5 weeks. The cognitive function score of functional comprehensive assessment scale (FCA), the scores of mini-mental state examination scale (MMSE) and modified Barthel index (BI) were compared before and after treatment between two groups. Results After treatment, the scores of FCA, MMSE and BI in both groups were significantly improved compared to those before treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); the improvement of FCA score, MMSE score and BI score in the J in three-needle group were superior to those of the routine acupuncture group after treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The total effective rate of 85.4% in the J in three-needle group was superior to tohat of 70.0% in the routine acupuncture group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>J in three-needle acupuncture treatment can obviously improve the cognitive function and activity ability of daily life of hemiplegia patients after stroke, and the therapeutic effect of J in three-needle therapy is superior to that of traditional acupuncture treatment.</p>
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Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atividades Cotidianas , Terapia por Acupuntura , Cognição , Hemiplegia , Psicologia , Reabilitação , Terapêutica , Acidente Vascular CerebralRESUMO
External therapy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a common method in clinic of TCM.External therapy for internal disease is one of the characteristics of TCM treatment.Both traditional medicine and modern research had discovered that the aromatics produced an obvious effectiveness in external therapy.Percutaneous absorption is also a characteristic of Chinese medicine,the aromatic herb can promote the percutaneous absorption,and there are many methods of using aromatic herb in treating internal disease with external theropy.This article was a review on the theoretical basis and the clinical practice of aromatic herb.
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Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Jin 's three-needle manipulation combined with rehabilitation therapy for post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS).Methods Eighty-two post-stroke SHS patients were randomized into the treatment group(N =42) and the control group(N =40).The treatment group received Jin 's three-needle manipulation combined with rehabilitation therapy,and the control group received rehabilitation therapy alone.The pain score was evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),the score of upper-limb function was evaluated with simplified Fugl-Meyer Assay,and the movement of shoulder joint was measured with conimeter.Results The pain was relieved,upper-limb function was improved,and the movement of shoulder joint was increased to some extent after treatment in both groups(P